Formation Mechanism and Characteristics of the Bei’an to Heihe Expressway K177 Landslide

2011 ◽  
Vol 422 ◽  
pp. 663-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Shan ◽  
Hua Jiang ◽  
Gao Hang Cui

Bei'an to Heihe highway is being widen to expressway at present in Heilongjiang province, some sections are located in ancient landslide bodies, influenced by the landform, rainfall, freeze thawing and anthropogenic factors, are in unstable states, bring great difficulties to construction. Took the Bei'an to Heihe expressway expansion project K177 landslide as the research object, employed the field investigation, geological drilling, field monitoring, indoor experiment and numerical simulation methods to carry an integrated study on the formation mechanism of the landslide. The research results show that: topographical, geological conditions and the water content change of slope rock and soil is the main reason causing landslide; atmospheric precipitation, seasonal freezing and thawing of the shallow soil and the island permafrost which scattered in the mountain valley melting provide a continued water source for landslide, thermal contraction cracks of slope surface and high permeability of surface rock and soil provide passage for water infiltrating, completely weathered mudstone above the aquifuge which is influenced by infiltration water to be soften forms rupture surface.

2011 ◽  
Vol 368-373 ◽  
pp. 953-958
Author(s):  
Hua Jiang ◽  
Wei Shan

Correctly analyze the formation mechanism and failure mode of the landslide and reasonably evaluate the stability of landslide, can provide scientific basis for landslide controlling. Employed the field investigation, field monitoring, indoor experiment and numerical simulation methods to carry a systematic study on the stability condition and formation mechanism of the Bei-Hei expressway expansion project K178 landslide, the results show that: the silty clay which is loose when dried, and is soft plastic when saturated glides along the surface of bedrock; the safety factor during surveying is 1.21, the landslide is temporarily in a steady state, when the water content of rupture surface soil is increased to 30.5% , the safety factor will reduce to below 1.0, the landslide will be instability; atmospheric precipitation, snowmelt water and seasonally frozen soil thawing water provide water for landslide, cracks and high permeability of main body soil provide passage for water infiltration, mudstone and sandstone with low permeability form aquifuge, silty clay above the aquifuge which is influenced by infiltration water to reach saturation forms rupture surface.


2015 ◽  
Vol 744-746 ◽  
pp. 962-965
Author(s):  
Xiang Yang Jiang ◽  
Yong Ping Xu

The special geological conditions of talus are often encountered in southwest China, it brings a lot of difficulties to tunnel construction. The formation mechanism and developmental properties of talus are analyzed in this paper. Based on field investigation on talus diseases, the hazard to tunnel engineering induced by talus and its corresponding measures are also analyzed. The results can be used for the safe and fast construction of tunnels which go through talus deposit.


2018 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 02014
Author(s):  
Maksim Rasskazov ◽  
Marina Potapchuk ◽  
Gennady Kursakin ◽  
Denis Tsoy

The paper presents the results of geomechanical studies on the assessment of the potential rockburst hazard of the rock massif of the South Khingan deposit of manganese ore at the stage of development. Geodynamic zoning has been performed, mining and technical, mining and geological conditions of field development have been studied, and parameters of physical and mechanical properties of enclosing rocks and ores have been determined. Numerical simulation methods have been used to estimate the stress state of a rock massif at various stages of the deposit development. The tendency of the lower part of the South Khingan deposit to rockburst has been established. The complex of effective organizational and technical security measures has been substantiated in the development of this field.


Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3306
Author(s):  
Dawei Liao ◽  
Zhonghe Pang ◽  
Weiyang Xiao ◽  
Yinlei Hao ◽  
Jie Du ◽  
...  

Understanding the connectivity between surface water and groundwater is key to sound geo-hazard prevention and mitigation in a waterscape such as the Jiuzhaigou Natural World Heritage Site in the southeast Tibetan Plateau, China. In this study, we used environmental isotope tracers (2H, 18O 3H, and 222Rn) to constrain a water cycle model including confirming hydrological pathways, connectivity, and water source identification in the Jiuzhaigou catchments. We established the local meteoric water line (LMWL) based on the weekly precipitation isotope sampling of a precipitation station. We systematically collected water samples from various water bodies in the study area to design the local water cycle model. The regional water level and discharge changes at one month after the earthquake indicated that there was a hydraulic connection underground across the local water divide between the Rize (RZ) river in the west and Zechawa (ZCW) lake in the east by the δ18O and δ2H measurements. We employed an end-member mixing model to identify and quantify Jiuzhaigou runoff-generating sources and their contributions, and we found that the average contributions of precipitation and groundwater to the surface runoff in the catchments are about 30% and 70%, respectively. The two branches of the Shuzheng (SZ) trunk were recharged by 62 ± 19% from the ZCW lake and 38 ± 19% from the RZ river, which was consistent with the fractions calculated by the actual discharge volume. 222Rn mass balance analyses were employed to estimate the water exchange between groundwater and river, which further confirmed this estimate. 222Rn concentrations and 3H contents showed that the groundwater had a short residence time and it was moderate precipitation, thought the contribution of groundwater to the river was 70%, according to the different tracers. A three-dimensional conceptual model of the water cycle that integrated the regional hydrological and geological conditions was established for the catchments.


2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
I Gde Budi Indrawan ◽  
Shinta Dwi Novianti ◽  
Heru Hendrayana ◽  
Doni Prakasa Eka Putra ◽  
Wahyu Wilopo

Pucang Village was consisted of eruption materials of Merapi Volcano. The relatively high coefficient of permeability of the materials consisting this area caused rainwater to directly infiltrate into the ground. Evaluation of engineering geological conditions was conducted for construction of a detention pond in this area, which had limited water supply for daily activities. The evaluation was conducted on results of a 1:10.000 scale of engineering geological mapping and analyses of 1:10.000 scale of geological disaster maps produced by previous researchers. The engineering geological mapping involved mapping of morphological condition and active geomorphic process, lithological condition, existence of geological structure, and water source location. The evaluation results showed that the proposed location met the land suitability criteria for detention pond construction based on the morphological condition and active geomorphic process, existence of geological structure, and water source location, but did not meet those based on the lithological and vulnerability to Merapi Volcano eruption disaster. Construction of impermeable layer to prevent water seepage into the ground and periodic removal of sediment in the base of the detention pond were suggested to be carried out to keep the detention pond functioning properly.


Author(s):  
A.E. Tsygankova ◽  
◽  
L.A. Bespalova ◽  
O.V. Ivlieva ◽  
A.A. Magaeva ◽  
...  

The purpose of this work is to comprehensively study the ecological and geological conditions and results of monitoring studies of the coastal territories of the Bay of Taganrog and the Sea of Azov to identify indicators for assessing natural risks. The object of research is a complex system of the coastal zone, consisting of subsystems of land, sea and coast. The subject of the study is the assessment of the risk of loss of territory as a result of various natural factors, both constant over time (geological structure, height of the coastal cliff) and changing (dynamics of the level, waves, wind conditions). Within this framework, we show the use of a dynamic approach for zoning the shores of the Sea of Azov, performed based on a comprehensive analysis of natural and anthropogenic factors that determine the development of dangerous coastal processes (DCP). All factors divided into two groups: those that increase the intensity of coastal processes and those that contribute to reducing their manifestations. It established that hydrodynamic factors in the development of DCP are the determining factors. Anthropogenic impact can be associated with both global and regional impacts, through ecosystem changes, regulation of river flow, environmental pollution, and local – irrational coastal protection, industrial and agricultural activities in the coastal zone, unauthorized removal of beach material, etc.


Author(s):  

It has been shown that the status of some Karelian water bodies had changed as a result of human impact and atmospheric precipitation has a role in the surface waters’ chemical composition formation. Assessment of biogenic elements and organic matter input to the Lake Onego and the Lake Ladoga from various natural and anthropogenic sources has been done. Higher load from point sources in comparison with diffuse sources has been registered for the Lake Onego in comparison with the Lake Ladoga. Many-year change of the Vygozero reservoir water chemical composition has been presented. This reservoir receives the Segezh paper-pulp plant waste waters and the Kenti River system waters with technogenic waters from the Kostomuksha mining/concentrating plant. It has been stated that atmospheric precipitations serve the main source of the biogenic elements and heavy metals input, while input of mineral and organic substances with the precipitation is insignificant. For the first time assessment of the Karelian water bodies’ state caused by the natural, climatic, and anthropogenic factors’ impact has been done.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narayan B Shrestha

This thesis evaluates the potential use of processed tear-off shingles in road works. Six types of granular materials were investigated to determine the type of material that benefitted the most from using the shingles. The effects of shingles on the stability, as measured by California Bearing Ratio, were found to depend on properties such as gradation and fines content. In general shingles enhanced the stability of materials of relatively low CBR, but decreased the stability of angular well graded material of CBR larger than 100%. Optimum amount of shingles were found to enhance the resistance of stabilized granular materials to cycles of freezing and thawing; however, amounts higher than optimum decreased the resistance to freezing and thawing. In terms of permeability, the addition of shingles did not have a significant effect on the drainage characteristics of the tested materials. A trial road was constructed and showed that after one week of construction dust generated by the control section was found to be twice the amount of dust generated by the shingle section.


2019 ◽  
pp. 204-210
Author(s):  
Semionovich Valeriy ◽  
Yurievna Galina ◽  
Pavlovna Tatiana ◽  
Ivanovna Nataliya ◽  
Alexandrovna Mariya

Аномальное проявление абиотических стрессоров умеренно континентального климата юга России сопровождается низкой конкурентоспособностью продукции виноградарства на потребительском рынке. В этих условиях актуальным является создание устойчивых ампелоценозов путем вовлечения сортов адаптивных к аномальным природным явлениям. Цель исследований - установление агробиологических и физиолого-биохимических особенностей винограда сорта Рислинг рейнский для создания адаптивной сорториентированной технологии его устойчивого возделывания в стрессовых экологических условиях. В Черноморской зоне виноградарства (г. Анапа), распускание почек отмечалось 22 апреля при температуре воздуха 12,6°С. Наиболее активный рост побегов отмечали в первой половине июня, 2,61 см/сут. Наибольшая скорость роста побегов наблюдалась при температуре 23°С. Максимальная скорость роста была в зоне 4-9 междоузлий. Наибольшая длина побегов, 155 см, зафиксирована на участке с шириной междурядий 3 м. Самые крупные листья, до 140 см, были в зоне наиболее активного роста побегов, на 4-6 узлах. Ростовые процессы листьев и плодоношение винограда находилось в тесной зависимости от плотности и схемы размещения кустов в насаждениях. В активной зоне побегов формировались наиболее крупные грозди. Наибольшая урожайность винограда была в среднеплотных насаждениях при размещении кустов по схеме 3,0 х 1,0 и 3,0 х 1,5 м - 12 т/га. Дифференцированный отклик сорта на природные и антропогенные факторы согласуется с результатами физиолого-биохимических показателей фотосинтеза, коэффициента эффективности первичных процессов фотосинтеза, соотношения хлорофиллы/каратиноиды и содержания крахмала в листьях винограда. При повышенной инсоляции и остром дефиците атмосферных осадков, отмечалась общая тенденция снижения содержания хлорофиллов в листьях винограда. Максимальные значения этого показателя наблюдались в первой половине июня. В динамике во всех вариантах опыта наблюдалось увеличение крахмала в листьях винограда до середины июля. В дальнейшем количество крахмала постепенно снижалось. Применение сорт-ориентированной технологии со средней плотностью размещения кустов 2222 шт./га по схеме 3,0 х 1,5 м, обрезка побегов на 10 глазков, нагрузка побегами 23 шт./куст и гроздями 53 шт./куст обеспечивали наибольший уровень реализации фотосинтетического и продукционного потенциалов винограда. Урожайность в таких насаждениях была наибольшей и составляла в среднем 12 т/га.The abnormal manifestation of abiotic stressors of the moderately continental climate of the South of Russia is accompanied by low competitiveness of the viticultural products on the consumer market. In this context, establishment of sustainable ampelocenoses through the involvement of cultivars adaptive to abnormal natural phenomena is of interest at this time. The aim of the study was to establish agro-biological, physiological and biochemical peculiarities of ‘Riesling of the Rhine’ grapevine in order to create an adaptive variety oriented technology for its sustainable cultivation under stressful environmental conditions. The bud break in the Black sea viticultural zone (Anapa) was observed on April 22 with air temperature at 12.6 °C. The most active shoot growth was noted in the first half of June, 2.61 cm/day. The most intensive shoot growth was observed at a temperature of 23 °C. The maximum growth rate was in the zone of 4 - 9 internodes. The greatest shoot length, 155 cm, was observed at the plot with the row width of 3 m. The largest leaves, up to 140 cm, were observed in the area of most active shoot growth between the 4 - 6 nodes. The leaf growth processes and grapevine fertility depended closely on vine spacing and bush placement scheme. The largest bunches developed in the active shoot zone. The highest yield was obtained in the medium-density vineyards with the bush planting scheme of 3.0х1.0 and 3.0х1.5 m, where the harvest made 12 t/ha. The differentiated response of a cultivar to natural and anthropogenic factors was consistent with the results of the physiological and biochemical parameters of photosynthesis, the efficiency coefficient of the photosynthesis primary processes, the ratio between chlorophylls and carotenoids and starch content in the leaves of grapes. High insolation combined with acute deficit of atmospheric precipitation resulted in the general reduction of the chlorophyll content in the leaves of grapevines. These indicator maximum values were observed in the first half of June. During all the trial variants there was an increase in the starch content in the leaves of grapevines that lasted until mid-July. Subsequently, the starch content gradually decreased. Application of variety-oriented technology with an average vine spacing 2222 pcs./ha, planting pattern 3.0х1.5 m, shoot pruning at 10 eyes, shoot load of 23 pcs./bush and clusters 53 pcs./bush ensured the highest release of grapevine photosynthetic and production potential. Such vineyards produced the highest yields, which on average made 12 t/ha.


Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Farhad Jazaei ◽  
Brian Waldron ◽  
Scott Schoefernacker ◽  
Daniel Larsen

Memphis aquifer is the primary drinking water source in Shelby County (Tennessee, USA), and it supplies industrial, commercial, and residential water. Memphis aquifer is separated from the Shallow aquifer by a clayey layer known as the Upper Claiborne confining unit (UCCU). All of the production wells in the Memphis area are screened in the Memphis aquifer, or even deeper in the Fort Pillow aquifer. Traditionally, it was assumed that the UCCU could fully protect the Memphis aquifer from the contaminated Shallow aquifer groundwater. However, recent studies show that at some locations, the UCCU is thin or absent, which possibly leads to the contribution of Shallow aquifer to the Memphis aquifer. Accurately locating the breaches demands expensive and difficult geological or geochemical investigations, especially within an urban area. Hence, a pre-field investigation to identify the locations where the presence of breaches is likely can significantly reduce the cost of field investigations and improve their results. In this study, to identify the locations where the presence of breaches in the UCCU is likely, we develop a reliable MODFLOW-based numerical model, and use three different analyses: (1) pilot-point calibration (PPC), (2) velocity and flow budget (VFB), and (3) particle tracking (PT), to post-process the developed groundwater model results. These pre-field numerical investigations provide relevant and defensible explanations for groundwater flow anomalies in an aquifer system for informed decision-making and future field investigations. In this study, we identify five specific zones within the broad study area which are reasonable candidates for the future field investigations. Finally, we test the results of each analysis against other evidence for breaches, to demonstrate that the results of the numerical analyses are reliable and supported by previous studies.


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