Thermal Properties and Crystallisation Behaviour of Thermoplastic Natural Rubber (TPNR) Nanocomposites

2013 ◽  
Vol 812 ◽  
pp. 125-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Norasmah Surip ◽  
Z.Y. Zhang ◽  
H.N. Dhakal ◽  
N.N. Bonnia ◽  
S. H. Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Nucleating Agent ◽  
Preparation Technique ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Blending Method ◽  
Liquid Natural Rubber ◽  
Tan Δ ◽  
Thermoplastic Natural Rubber ◽  
Internal Mixer

The effect of preparation technique on the crystallisation behavior and thermal properties of TPNR filled nanoclay nanocomposites was investigated. The nanocomposites were prepared via melt blending method using internal mixer (Haake 600P). Two types of nanocomposites preparation technique were employed which is method A and B. In method A, the nanoclay was pre-mixed with liquid natural rubber (LNR) before it was charged into the other materials. For method B, the nanoclay was directly charged into the molten TPNR matrix. The result shows, preparation methods were significantly affect the crystallinity and thermal properties of TPNR nanocomposites. DSC thermogram revealed that nanocomposites crystallinity was increased when prepared by method A but decreased with method B. An increment in polypropylene crystallinity was attributed by the nanoclay which is believed to be as a nucleating agent. DMA thermogram suggested that the preparation method has affected the storage modulus and tan δ but not the glass transition temperature (tg).

Thermal Analysis of Polylactic Acid/Liquid Natural Rubber Reinforced with Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

2016 ◽  
Vol 1133 ◽  
pp. 481-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adilah Mat Ali ◽  
Sahrim H. Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Melt Blending ◽  
Blending Method ◽  
Liquid Natural Rubber ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

This article studies the thermal properties of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) reinforced polylactic acid (PLA)/liquid natural rubber (LNR) blends which prepared via melt blending method. Various percentages (0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 and 4 wt%) of MWCNT were added into PLA/LNR blend. TGA shows that the addition of MWCNT into PLA/LNR blends helps to improve thermal stability of the PLA/LNR/MWCNT nanocomposites. DSC shows that the glass transition temperature increased when 0.5%, 1.5%, 2.5% and 3.5% of MWCNT was added to the PLA/LNR blend. The cold crystallization and melting temperature were reduced when MWCNT was added in the PLA/LNR blend systems. The SEM micrographs confirm the effect of good dispersion of 3.5wt% of MWCNT in PLA/LNR blend helps to promote well combined MWCNT-matrix networks and generate the synergistic effect of the system which is improved the thermal properties significantly.

Physical and Mechanical Properties of Thermoplastic Natural Rubber (TPNR) Nanocomposites

2012 ◽  
Vol 576 ◽  
pp. 394-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noor Azlina Hassan ◽  
Hassan Norita ◽  
Sahrim Haji Ahmad ◽  
Rozaidi Rasid ◽  
Hazleen Anuar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Melt Blending ◽  
Mixing Parameters ◽  
Blending Method ◽  
Thermoplastic Natural Rubber ◽  
Internal Mixer

Thermoplastic natural rubber (TPNR) nanocomposites were prepared by melt blending method with the optimum mixing parameters (140oC, 100 rpm, 12 min) using internal mixer (Haake 600 P). The aim of this work is to study the effects of organo-montmorillonite (OMMT) on the physical and mechanical properties of TPNR with and without coupling agent (maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, MA-PE). Significant improvement in tensile strength and modulus of TPNR nanocomposites were obtained with the presence of MA-PE.

Changes in Mixing Torque, Mechanical and Dynamic Rheological Properties of Epoxidized Natural Rubber and Copolyester Blends as Affected by Epoxidized Natural Rubber Contents

2013 ◽  
Vol 844 ◽  
pp. 69-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Densak Kaewkabpet ◽  
Charoen Nakason ◽  
Azizon Kaesaman ◽  
Anoma Thitithammawong
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Complex Viscosity ◽  
Epoxidized Natural Rubber ◽  
Elastic Response ◽  
High Elongation ◽  
Tan Δ ◽  
Thermoplastic Natural Rubber ◽  
Low Tension ◽  
Internal Mixer

Thermoplastic natural rubber (TPNR) based on epoxidized natural rubber with 30 %mol epoxide (ENR-30) and copolyester (COPE) blends was prepared in a molten state by using roller rotor internal mixer. Effect of various ENR contents on mixing torque together with mechanical and dynamic properties of the ENR-30/COPE blends was investigated. It was found that the mixing torque and complex viscosity increased with increasing contents of the ENR in the blends. This was due to higher polarity the ENR molecules caused interaction and entanglement of the ENR molecular chains with higher viscosity. Furthermore, improvement of elastomeric properties of the ENR-30/COPE blends was clearly observed, especially in the blends with higher proportion of the ENR. These improved elastomeric properties with high elongation at break, low tension set and high storage modulus together with low tan δ. This observation correlated to higher elastic component in the blend caused promoting higher elastic response in combination with increasing of interaction between the ENR and the COPE phases.

Thermoplastic Natural Rubber of Co-Polyamide: Effect of Blend Ratios on Mechanical, Swelling, Dynamic and Morphological Properties

2013 ◽  
Vol 844 ◽  
pp. 89-92
Author(s):  
Boripat Sripornsawat ◽  
Azizon Kaesaman ◽  
Charoen Nakason
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Complex Viscosity ◽  
Continuous Phase ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Degree Of Swelling ◽  
Tan Δ ◽  
Thermoplastic Natural Rubber ◽  
Blend Ratios

Maleated natural rubber (MNR) was synthesized and formulated to prepare thermoplastic natural rubber (TPNR) by blending with co-polyamide (COPA). It was found that 100% modulus, tensile strength, elongation at break, hardness and degree of swelling increased with increasing proportion of COPA. However, degree of swelling and tension set value decreased which reflects enhancing of rubber elasticity. Dynamic properties were also determined by a rotor less oscillating shear rheometer (Rheo Tech MDpt). It was found that increasing proportion of MNR caused increasing of storage modulus and complex viscosity but decreasing tan δ value. Morphological properties were also determined by SEM technique. It was found that the MNR/COPA simple blends with the proportion of rubber 40, 50 and 60 wt% exhibited the co-continuous phase structures.

Morphology and Mechanical Properties of NiZn Ferrite/Thermoplastic Natural Rubber Composite

2014 ◽  
Vol 925 ◽  
pp. 308-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mou'ad A. Tarawneh ◽  
Sahrim Haji Ahmad ◽  
Yu Li Jiun ◽  
Radwan Dweiri ◽  
Ibrahim N. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Mechanical Test ◽  
Polymer Nanocomposite ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical Properties ◽  
Filler Loading ◽  
Rubber Matrix ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical ◽  
Blending Method ◽  
Thermoplastic Natural Rubber

In this paper the polymer nanocomposite of nickel zinc (NiZn) ferrite nanoparticles incorporated into the thermoplastic natural rubber nanocomposite (TPNR) were prepared via melt blending method. The effect of different NiZn loading (2-10 wt%) on morphology, tensile and dynamic mechanical properties of the obtained composites was investigated. It was found that NiZn ferrite is well dispersed in the thermoplastic natural rubber matrix. The tensile results indicated that filler loading has improved the tensile strength and Youngs modulus of the nanocomposite. However, the elongation at break decreased with increasing the percentage of NiZn. Dynamic mechanical test showed that the highest storage modulus is at 8 wt% filler. Any further increment of the filler content leads to the formation of agglomerate hence affecting the properties. The Scanning electron micrograph (SEM) micrographs reveal aspect ratio and filler orientation in the TPNR matrix also strongly promoted interfacial adhesion between the filler and the matrix to control its properties.

Magnetic Properties of Irradiated Nickel Ferrite Thermoplastic Natural Rubber Nanocomposite

2014 ◽  
Vol 879 ◽  
pp. 206-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sivanesan Appadu ◽  
Sahrim Hj. Ahmad ◽  
Chantara Thevy Ratnam ◽  
Meor Yahaya Razali ◽  
Moayad Husein Flaifel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Degree Of Crystallinity ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Magnetic Microstructure ◽  
Sem Image ◽  
Thermoplastic Natural Rubber

The effect of electron beam (EB) irradiation at different doses on the magnetic, microstructure, morphological and thermal properties of NiFe2O4/Thermoplastic Natural Rubber (TPNR) nanocomposite was investigated. The NiFe2O4/TPNR nanocomposite samples were prepared by using a Haake mixer in weight ratio of 12:88. The TPNR matrix consists of natural rubber (NR), liquid natural rubber (LNR) and high density polyethylene (HDPE) in weight ratio of 20:10:70. The samples were irradiated using a 2 MeV EB machine in doses from 0 - 200 kGy. Magnetic properties studied by using the vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) at room temperature showed that the values of saturation magnetization (MS), remanence magnetization (MR) and the coercivity (HC) value increased with increasing doses of irradiation. The increase in MSand MRvalues is attributed to the increase in concentration of Fe3+ions at octahedral B-site and decrease of concentration at the tetrahedral A-site in the NiFe2O4cubic structure. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of the samples showed that peak intensities decreased and the width of the peaks increased with increasing doses of irradiation. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the nanocomposite cross section showed the presence of defects which is more visible with increasing doses of irradiation. In the case of thermal properties, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis showed that the crystallization temperature (Tc) and the degree of crystallinity (Xc) of the nanocomposite samples decreased with increasing doses of irradiation due to crosslinking of polymeric chains which hinders the growth of crystals.

Properties enhancement in multiwalled carbon nanotube-magnetite hybrid-filled polypropylene natural rubber nanocomposites through functionalization and processing methods

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ing Kong ◽  
Sahrim Haji Ahmad ◽  
Robert Shanks
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Nucleating Agent ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical Properties ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical ◽  
Pristine Mwcnts ◽  
Blending Method ◽  
Ball Milling Technique

AbstractThe effect of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)-magnetite (Fe3O4) hybrid content on the thermal, dynamic mechanical, and morphological properties of thermoplastic natural rubber (TPNR) nanocomposites was evaluated. TPNR/filler nanocomposites were prepared using a melt-blending method with a ball-milling technique as a premixed process. The acid treatment successfully shortened the lengths and disentangled the crowds of MWCNTs, which led to a better dispersion of MWCNTs in the polymer matrix, as revealed by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The improved dispersion of acid-treated MWCNTs-Fe3O4 in the TPNR matrix and the enhanced interfacial adhesion between acid-treated MWCNTs-Fe3O4 and the TPNR matrix increased the thermal stability and dynamic mechanical properties. Acid-treated MWCNTs acted as radical scavengers, which helped delay the onset of thermal degradation and hence improved the thermal stability. As expected, MWCNTs played a role as the nucleating agent in the TPNR matrix; however, the effect was more pronounced for the TPNR matrix containing pristine MWCNTs.

Thermal Properties of Linear-Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE)/Soya Spent Powder Blends with the Addition of Epoxidised Natural Rubber

2013 ◽  
Vol 795 ◽  
pp. 433-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.T. Sam ◽  
N.Z. Noriman ◽  
S. Ragunathan ◽  
O.H. Lin ◽  
H. Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Mixing Time ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Linear Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Powder Composites ◽  
Powder Content ◽  
Internal Mixer

Soya spent powder as an inexpensive and renewable source has been used as a filler for linear-low density polyethylene (LLDPE) in this study. Linear-low density polyethylene (LLDPE)/soya spent powder composites were prepared by using Haake internal mixer. The mixing time was 10 minutes at 150°C with rotor speed 50 rpm. Epoxidised natural rubber (ENR 50) has been used as a compatibilizer in the present study. The thermal properties of the LLDPE/soya spent powder composites with and without ENR were studied with a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The crystallinity of the LLDPE/soya spent powder composites decreased with increasing soya spent powder content. However, the addition of ENR 50 as a compatibilizer increased the crystallinity of the LLDPE/soya spent powder composites.

Effect of Antioxidant on Properties of Thermoplastic Natural Rubber Based on ENR/TPU Blends

2012 ◽  
Vol 626 ◽  
pp. 229-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekwipoo Kalkornsurapranee ◽  
Charoen Nakason ◽  
Claudia Kummerlöwe ◽  
Norbert Vennemann
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
Oxidative Degradation ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Dynamic Vulcanization ◽  
High Elasticity ◽  
Thermoplastic Natural Rubber ◽  
Temperature Scanning

Thermoplastic natural rubber based on epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) blend was prepared via dynamic vulcanization process. The main objective is to improve thermal properties of the blends. Two types of antioxidant: phenolic antioxidant (Wingstay®L) and N-(1,3-dimethzlbutyl)-N-Phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD) were used to improve oxidative degradation of the blends. It was found that thermal properties in term of thermal elastic properties and thermal stability can be improved by adding the antioxidants and 6PPD gave the blend with the highest thermal properties. These were measured based on temperature scanning stress relaxation (TSSR) technique. Incorporation of ENR into the TPU caused reduction of the hardness, improved thermal properties, elasticity and oil resistance compared to the neat TPU. These results indicated that the novel high performance TPNRs with high elasticity can be prepared.

Thermal properties of hydrogenated liquid natural rubber

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naharullah Jamaluddin ◽  
Ibrahim Abdullah ◽  
Siti Fairus M. Yusoff
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Liquid Natural Rubber
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