The Effects of a Wildfire on Soil Chemical and Biological Properties in an Eucalyptus urophylla Forest

2013 ◽  
Vol 864-867 ◽  
pp. 2492-2497
Author(s):  
Gan Wen Lie ◽  
Long Hua Ye ◽  
Hai Yong Bao ◽  
Hong Yue Chen ◽  
Li Xue
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Available P ◽  
Total N ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Total P ◽  
Burned Forest

In this study, soil pH, organic matter, total N, total P, total K, alkali-hydrolyzable N, available P, available K, number of microorganism and enzyme activity were studied in a burnedE. urophyllaforest (the burned forest) and an unburned adjacentE. urophyllaforest (the control) in Dongyuan County, Guangdong Province, China. This study aims at investigating the effects of a single wildfire on soil properties of anE. urophyllaforest to provide basis for the recovery of soil fertility and management of burnedE. urophyllaforests. Significant differences were observed between the burned forest and the control in most of chemical properties. The wildfire significantly decreased the soil organic matter, total N, total P, total K, alkali-hydrolyzable N and available K by 32.8%, 33.6%, 36.8%, 35.2%, 25.0% and 28.5%, respectively. However, no significant difference was observed in soil pH and available P. The numbers of bacteria and fungi in burned forest were significant lower than those of the control, while there was no difference in actinomycetes between the two forests. The urease, phosphatase and catalase activities were statistically significant lower than those of the control. The results suggested that there were significant effects on theE. urophyllaforest 1 year after the wildfire and the recovery from the wildfire may take a long time.

scholarly journals Variations in Soil Chemical Properties, Bacteria and Fungi Populations Along Slope Positions and Profile Depths in Terraced and Non-terraced Lands of Rwanda highlands

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Fashaho ◽  
G M Ndegwa ◽  
J J Lelei ◽  
A O Musandu ◽  
S M Mwonga
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
High Altitudes ◽  
Total N ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

The objective of the current study was to evaluate effect of terracing on soil chemical and biological properties in the Rwanda highlands. The study was done in March 2017. Composite soil samples were collected from the top, middle and bottom slopes of four-year-terraced and non-terraced lands, in three profile depths, in medium and high altitudes. Results showed that, levels of organic carbon (1.3, 1.04%) were significantly (p less than 0.05) higher in non-terraced than terraced land, and populations of bacteria (3.59, 2.61 CFU*106g-1) and fungi (2.51, 1.57 CFU*104g-1) were significantly higher in terraced than non-terraced land, in the medium altitude, with no significant differences observed in the high altitude. Soil pH, total N, available P, CEC, exchangeable K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+ levels in terraced and non-terraced lands were not significantly different in both altitudes. Thus, soil characteristics and fertility of the study areas showed slight changes after four years of terracing.

scholarly journals Soil fertility status of some mango orchards in Chittagong Hill Tracts

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 187-197
Author(s):  
MG Kibria ◽  
MJ Ahammad ◽  
KT Osman
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Available P ◽  
Total N ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Soil Fertility Status ◽  
Orchard Soils

Major physico-chemical properties of mango orchard soils (Mangifera indica L.) in different sites of three hill districts, Rangamati, Khagrachari and Bandarban were evaluated. Soils were sandy loam in texture at all the sites except foot hill soil of Shapchari. Soil pH, organic matter, total N and available P varied from 4.76 to 5.58, 1.43 to 2.49 %, 0.10 to 0.16 %, 0.86 mg kg-1 to 2.69 mg kg-1 soil, respectively in surface soil of different sites of mango orchard. 1N NH4OAc extractable K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ ranged from 0.35 to 0.82, 2.50 to 3.66 and 0.60 to 1.57 cmol kg-1 of soils. Soil pH, organic matter, total N and available P varied significantly among the slope positions within the sites. Similar results were found in case of 1N NH4OAc extractable K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+. The soils are generally poor in organic matter and nutrients. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cujbs.v6i1-2.17244 The Chittagong Univ. J. B. Sci.,Vol. 6(1&2):187-197, 2011

Assessment of the effect of abattoir effluent on soil properties cultivated with flint maize

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-56
Author(s):  
Abhanzioya M.I ◽  
James T .V
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Total N ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Maize Variety ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Microbiological Properties

The assessment of abattoir effluent on the physicochemical and microbiological properties of the soil cultivated with flint maize was conducted in the Teaching and Research Farm of Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma. The experiment was a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with five levels of abattoir effluent (0, 32 x 103, 64 x 10 3, 96 x 103, 128 x 103L/ha) and each was replicated three times. The effluent was collected and analyzed for its chemical properties, the number and types of bacteria and fungi before and at the end of the experiment. Soil samples were collected before planting and at the end of the experiment and analyzed for physicochemical properties as well as the number and types of bacteria and fungi. Maize variety; Samma – 38 was used as a test crop. Results showed that more bacteria and fungi counts were found in the abattoir effluent than in the soil. At 15 weeks after application, the plot treated with 64 x 103 L/ha of abattoir effluent had more bacteria isolated and the least bacteria count. The plot that received the 32 x 103L/ha had the least fungi count. The soil was slightly acidic except for the strongly acidic control. The soil after the applications of abattoir effluent was high in organic matter. Abattoir effluent increased the total N, K, Mg, and Ca with the highest recorded at the applications of 96 x 103L/ha and 128 x 103L/ha. Organisms such as Penicillium and Aspergillus spp were isolated, and these enhanced nitrogen and phosphorous fixation, thereby increasing soil fertility for suitable crop production.

Chemical properties of forest soils as affected by nests of Myrmica ruginodis (Formicidae)

Biologia ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Véle ◽  
Jan Frouz ◽  
Jaroslav Holuša ◽  
Jiří Kalčík
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Available P ◽  
Soil Mixing ◽  
Myrmica Ruginodis ◽  
Food Residues ◽  
Total P ◽  
Surrounding Soil

AbstractChemical properties (total and available P concentration; oxidizable C concentration; available K, Na, and Ca concentration; and pH) were quantified for 33 nests of the ant Myrmica ruginodis and in surrounding soil in young spruce forest stands. All properties, except total P, were significantly higher in the nests than in the surrounding soil. Total P was not higher in nests than in surrounding soil across all nests because nests had higher total P than surrounding soil if the soil contained low concentrations of total P but nests had lower total P than surrounding soil if the soil contained high concentrations of total P. The effect of nests on total P in the surrounding soil corresponded with effects of nests on oxidizable carbon (an indicator of organic matter) in the surrounding soil (concentrations of oxidizable carbon and total P were closely correlated). Available P concentrations were much higher in nests than in surrounding soil. Overall, the results indicated that two main processes explain the chemical changes of soil in the ant nests: (i) mixing due to excavation of deeper soil layers and (ii) deposition of excreta and food residues. The effect of soil mixing (whereby ants transport mineral soil from deeper layers to layers near the surface) is more pronounced in soils with high organic content near the surface because mixing increases the proportion of mineral soil in the nest while decreasing the proportion of organic matter and the concentration of total P.

scholarly journals Kajian Cara Tanam Jagung Bayi (Zea mays L.) dan Rumput Gajah (Pennisetum purpureum) terhadap Besarnya Erosi pada Lahan Miring

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Supriyadi Supriyadi
Keyword(s):  
P Element ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Available P ◽  
Total N ◽  
Available N ◽  
Treatment Variation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Planting Method ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Total P

<p>The objective of this research was understanding the impact of planting method to N and P element in the soil (swapt away by erosion) of aslant land, determining the best planting method and plant variety that has best ability to reduce erosion of N and P element. This research employed erosion block for seasonal plants with 30<sup>O</sup> of declivity. Erosion of N and P element examined by analyzing the soil swept away by erotion every 5 days. Analysis of N and P element included available N, total N, available P and total P. Then the data was analyzed with T-test at 95% level confidence.</p><p>Conclusion taken from this research were: 1) Planting method reduce availble P and total P element, respectively as much as 15% and 20%, but there was no significant difference between available N and total P, 2) There was significant difference between available P and total P, when the variety of plant and combination was employed as a treatment variation, 3) Pennisetum purpureum planted by using equidistant method reduce N and P element in the soil, respectively as much as 15% and 20%.</p>

Influence of 24 annual applications of fertilisers and/or manure to alfalfa on forage yield and some soil properties under dryland conditions in northern China

2011 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Fan ◽  
Mingde Hao ◽  
Sukhdev S. Malhi ◽  
Quanjiu Wang ◽  
Mingbin Huang
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Animal Manure ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Available P ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
Total N ◽  
Total P

A field experiment was established in 1984 at Changwu, Shaanxi, China, to determine the long-term effects of three annual fertiliser and/or manure treatments [no fertilisation (CK), application of phosphorus (P) fertiliser alone at 26 kg P ha–1, and application of P fertiliser at 26 kg P ha–1 + nitrogen (N) fertiliser at 120 kg N ha–1 + animal manure at 75 Mg ha–1 (PNM)] to alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) on forage dry matter yield (DMY) from 1985 to 2008 (24 growing seasons), and some soil properties (moisture content, and concentration of organic matter, total N, total P and available P in soil) in 2001, 2004 and 2006. Compared with the unfertilised CK, application of fertiliser and/or manure resulted in a significant increase of forage DMY in 19 of 24 years, with a maximum DMY usually in the PNM treatment. Cumulative DMY over 24 years (from 1985 to 2008) increased linearly in all three treatments, and it was higher by 22.72 Mg ha–1 with PNM and only by 7.78 Mg ha–1 with P compared with the CK treatment. Soil moisture contents in deep soil profiles did not differ among treatments in most cases. Soil organic matter, total N, total P and available P in soil increased with fertiliser and/or manure treatments, especially when PNM was applied over a long period. In conclusion, the findings suggest that combined applications of inorganic fertilisers and organic manure to alfalfa can provide substantial benefits in terms of both forage yield and stand longevity, while also improving soil quality on the Loess Plateau of northern China.

Relationship between Physico-Chemical Properties and Related Enzymic Activities by Inoculating Microorganism Agent in the Composting Process

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 2723-2735
Author(s):  
Hong Wei Hu ◽  
Lv Mu Li ◽  
Kun Qian ◽  
Nian Jun Xu ◽  
Hong Bin Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Germination Index ◽  
Available P ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Total N ◽  
Available N ◽  
Physicochemical Index ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
Total P ◽  
Different Doses

In the research, the duck farm cushion and organic waste of duck hatching plant and slaughter and processing plant were used as compost materials, single factor 4 levels 3 replications design was carried out. Effects of adding different doses (0%, 0.35%, 0.40%0.40%, 0.45%) of microorganism agent (consisted ofthermophilic BacillusandSerratia) on compost physicochemical indexes including temperature, moisture content, C/N, germination index, total N, total P, total K, available N, available P, available K, and the enzymic activities including urease, cellulase, dehydrogenase, catalase and protease. There were four treatments in this experiment, three was with adding different doses (0.35%, 0.40%, 0.40%, 0.45%) of microorganism agents, one was without adding microorganism agent (control). The results showed that, adding microorganism agent treatment had faster temperature rising, higher temperature and longer high temperature duration than control. At the end of composting, C/N of those with adding microorganism agent were significantly lower than control (P<0.05), germination index, total N, total P, total K, available N, available P, available K were significantly higher than control (P<0.05). Urease, dehydrogenase, Catalase and protease activities were significantly higher than control (P<0.05), however, those with adding microorganism agent were not significantly higher than control (P>0.05).Enzyme activity of experimental treatments and the physicochemical index shows a good correlation. In conclusion, adding 0.35% microorganism agent was optimum for composting in this research.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Differences of Slope Class with Soil Chemical Characteristics in Jolotigo Tea Plantation Scope of PTPN IX

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-179
Author(s):  
Pipit Tandyana Febriantika ◽  
Faris Nur Fauzi Athallah ◽  
Restu Wulansari ◽  
Didik Suprayogo
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Correlation Method ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Available P ◽  
Subtropical Climate ◽  
Degraded Land ◽  
Total N ◽  
Tea Plantations

Tea plantations are mostly more suitable to be cultivated in areas with highland characteristics to get its’ subtropical climate which is great for the growth of tea. This requirement showed that tea plantations are also cultivated in areas with different ranges of slope and this condition could affect soil chemical properties such as soil nutrient content, including soil pH, soil organic carbon (SOC) and contents of N, Available P, K and Mg inside the soil. This study was conducted to analyze the correlation on different slope levels with soil nutrient contents by collecting the secondary data of land slope and soil chemical properties, analyzed statistically with a simple correlation method. The result showed there was no significant correlation between the slope levels and contents of soil chemical properties. Most of the soil chemical properties have a negative correlation to different slope gradients such as soil pH (r = -0.391), SOC (r = -0.348), total N ( r = -0.169), Available P (r = - 0.039), K content (r = -0.135), Mg content (r = -0.027). where the highest levels of nutrients were found at the lowest level of slope based on the site data. Soil chemical properties are needed to be considered in many tea plantations with different levels of slope and could be used as a recommendation in planning for conservation or restoration of degraded land or soil.

Assessing the Soil Fertility Using Landsat TM Imagery and Geospatial Statistical Analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 3559-3563
Author(s):  
Jin Ling Zhao ◽  
Da Cheng Wang ◽  
Dong Yan Zhang ◽  
Ju Hua Luo ◽  
Wen Jiang Huang
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Landsat Tm ◽  
Available P ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Fertility Level ◽  
Total N

This paper aims to investigate the soil fertility of Shunyi District’s cropland combing remote sensing and ground census data based on the Geostatistical Analyst of ArcGIS. Firstly, Landsat TM image was used to identify the spatial distribution and estimate the cropland plot area using support vector machine (SVM) classification method, and the overall classification is 91.5 % by 435 field survey points. Then, the survey indicators were added to ArcGIS such as organic matter, available P, available K, total N, soil pH, etc. After exploring the sample data for each indicator, trend surfaces were generated using the optimum prediction models after cross validation. Finally, according to the identified cropland plots, the soil quality index (SQI) was derived to map the soil fertility of the study area. The result shows that the southwestern part and northeastern corner of this district were found to be high in soil pH, which lies in between 8.2 and 8.6. Additionally, wide variability of organic matter, total N, available P and K were noted which can be due to the extent of cultivation in these areas while the change in fertility level could be due to anthropogenic influence. When considering the soil heavy metals, Zn, Fe, Cu and Mn show almost the same distribution.

scholarly journals Relationships Between Some Physical-Chemical Properties and Nutrient Content of Wheat Cultivating Soils of Büyük Menderes Basin

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2272-2277
Author(s):  
Seda Erdoğan Bayram
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Deficiency ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Available P ◽  
Nutrient Elements ◽  
Total N ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Physical And Chemical

This study was conducted to examine the soil fertility of the Büyük Menderes Basin, where wheat is widely cultivated. Soil samples were taken from 50 different points at a depth of 0-30 cm and various physical and chemical properties and amounts of nutrient elements were determined. With regard to the results of the study, the soils were generally sandy-clay-loam in texture, with slightly alkaline reaction, limy, rich in organic matter and showed no risk of salinity. The examined soils were found to be insufficient as 34% for total N, 14% for available K, 26% Mg, 10% Fe, 94% Zn and 98% Mn contents while all of the soils were determined as sufficient in terms of available P, Cu and Ca contents. When relationships between nutrient elements and soil physical-chemical properties were examined, negative correlations were found between soil pH and EC, organic matter, total N, available K, Zn; lime contents and available Mg, Fe, Cu; clay and available K and Mn contents. The positive correlations were found between EC and available K, Ca and Zn; organic matter % and total N, available K, Cu, Zn and Mn; sand % and available Mn; clay % and available Fe contents. Investigation of relationships between plant nutrients demonstrated that, there were positive correlations between total N and available K, Cu, Zn, Mn; available P and Zn; available K and Cu, Zn, Mn; available Ca and Fe; available Mg and Fe, Cu; available Fe and Cu, Mn; available Cu and Mn contents. The results of the study showed that attention should be paid to fertilization programs to fertilization with Zn and Mn, which were found to be insufficient in the greater part of the basin’s soils, and also to nitrogen deficiency is observed, as this directly affects the protein content of wheat.

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