Evaluation of Possible Use of Foliage as a Fuel for Small Combustion Equipment

2014 ◽  
Vol 899 ◽  
pp. 218-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lubomír Martiník ◽  
Vendula Drastichová ◽  
Jiří Horák ◽  
Zuzana Jankovská ◽  
Petr Kubesa
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Alternative Fuel ◽  
Biomass Fuels ◽  
High Demand ◽  
Fallen Leaves ◽  
Fuel Source

Biomass is a common fuel for small combustion equipment and also for heating plantsand power plants. Combustion of firewood, wood briquettes and pellets dominates in households.Thanks to high demand for biomass fuels its prices grow and it is necessary to look for cheaperalternatives. One of the alternative fuels can be foliage. In cities there is in autumn usually a plentyof fallen leaves. These leaves - foliage has to be composted or otherwise disposed of. Instead oftreating foliage as a waste it can be used as an alternative fuel. To serve as a viable fuel source thefoliage has to be processed into briquetts.This article deals with possibilities of producing briquettes from foliage and evaluation of theircombustion quality in small combustion equipment.

scholarly journals Alternative Options for Modernization of Regional Heat Supply Systems: Environmental and Economic Aspects

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-415
Author(s):  
Darya Bergen
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Heat Supply ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Alternative Fuel ◽  
Solid Biofuel ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Heat Supply Systems ◽  
Supply Systems

At present, environmental pollution by fuel combustion products is one of the key problems in the heat supply sector. It affects the entire population of the Earth. The purpose of the research is to substantiate the necessity of ecological upgrading of thermal power facilities in the Irkutsk region and using a part of municipal solid waste as an alternative fuel at thermal power facilities of the Russian Federation. The research shows that the use of the two kinds of fuel (solid biofuel and alternative fuel) can reduce the anthropogenic load. This measure can be a way of energy efficient disposal of accumulated and annually generated production and consumer waste. The transition to alternative fuels can be most efficiently implemented in boiler houses. This is due to lower capital investments in the modernization of boiler houses as compared to the modernization of thermal power plants. The calculations in the article confirm that the implementation of environmental modernization of regional heat supply systems is not economically beneficial for entrepreneurs. The state should supplement the methods of regulation with targeted co-financing of programs for the modernization of thermal power facilities in order to accelerate the processes of modernization of heat supply in the Russian Federation. At the same time, the recipients of support must comply with the established indicators further on.

scholarly journals Ethanol/Gasoline Blends as Alternative Fuel in Last Generation Spark-Ignition Engines: A Review on CO and HC Engine Out Emissions

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 4034
Author(s):  
Paolo Iodice ◽  
Massimo Cardone
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Alternative Fuel ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Spark Ignition Engines ◽  
The Impact

Among the alternative fuels existing for spark-ignition engines, ethanol is considered worldwide as an important renewable fuel when mixed with pure gasoline because of its favorable physicochemical properties. An in-depth and updated investigation on the issue of CO and HC engine out emissions related to use of ethanol/gasoline fuels in spark-ignition engines is therefore necessary. Starting from our experimental studies on engine out emissions of a last generation spark-ignition engine fueled with ethanol/gasoline fuels, the aim of this new investigation is to offer a complete literature review on the present state of ethanol combustion in last generation spark-ignition engines under real working conditions to clarify the possible change in CO and HC emissions. In the first section of this paper, a comparison between physicochemical properties of ethanol and gasoline is examined to assess the practicability of using ethanol as an alternative fuel for spark-ignition engines and to investigate the effect on engine out emissions and combustion efficiency. In the next section, this article focuses on the impact of ethanol/gasoline fuels on CO and HC formation. Many studies related to combustion characteristics and exhaust emissions in spark-ignition engines fueled with ethanol/gasoline fuels are thus discussed in detail. Most of these experimental investigations conclude that the addition of ethanol with gasoline fuel mixtures can really decrease the CO and HC exhaust emissions of last generation spark-ignition engines in several operating conditions.

scholarly journals Ecological Aspects of Implementing Prospective Propulsion Schemes of Short and Medium Haul Aircrafts

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Самойлов ◽  
M. Samoylov ◽  
Бурцев ◽  
S. Burtsev ◽  
Симаков ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Propulsion Systems ◽  
Hybrid Propulsion ◽  
Ecological Aspects ◽  
Hybrid Power Plant ◽  
Traditional Patterns

The influence of the circuitry of the hybrid power plant short and medium haul aircraft on their fuel efficiency and environmental characteristics have been investigated. Directions of improvement of traditional patterns of power plants of aircraft on the example of PD-14 engine were analyzed. It has been shown that the use of turbojet engines and traditional schemes operating on aviation kerosene, will not allow to fulfill the demands made by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) to perspective plane 2025–2035. The analysis of the three schemes hybrid propulsion systems has been performed. It has been shown that using the presented hybrid propulsion systems of alternative fuels can reduce CO2 emissions by 19% to 20% compared with conventional turbojet engines, which run on kerosene TS-1. It has been shown that this fuel efficiency is increased by 2–3%, and the total mass of the power plant increases of 6 to 16%.

scholarly journals Emission estimates and air quality impacts from the use of alternative fuels by the Titan cement factory in Thessaloniki

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-224
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Alternative Fuel ◽  
Cement Industry ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Cement Factory ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Fuel Substitution ◽  
The Impact

Cement production is an energy-intensive process. Utilisation of fossil fuels is common practice in the cement industry around the world. Alternative fuel substitution rates increase every year. More specifically, 18 % of the fuel used by the European cement industry in 2006 consists of alternative fuels. This study aims to investigate the prospects for the partial replacement of conventional fossil fuels currently used in the TITAN cement factory in Thessaloniki, Greece, with alternative fuels, focusing on the impact of alternative fuel use on the emissions of air pollutants from co-incineration operations. Air emissions were estimated for both the conventional fuel and mixtures of conventional fuel with alternative fuels, based on emission factors found in the literature but also using the measurements conducted by TITAN in 2010. Emission estimates indicate that legislative limit values for all pollutants are not exceeded. Based on the emission estimates and measurements in the flue gas, the dispersion of the plume around the factory has been described with an appropriate numerical simulation model. Results suggest that the factory’s contribution to the air pollution levels in the surrounding area is very low for most regulated pollutants.

Comparative assessment of engine vibration, combustion, performance and emission characteristics between single and twin-cylinder diesel engines in unifuel and dual-fuel mode

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-39
Author(s):  
Akash Chandrabhan Chandekar ◽  
Sushmita Deka ◽  
Biplab K. Debnath ◽  
Ramesh Babu Pallekonda
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Load Condition ◽  
Alternative Fuel ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Cylinder Pressure ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Single Cylinder ◽  
Engine Vibration ◽  
Single Cylinder Engine

Abstract The persistent efforts among the researchers are being done to reduce emissions by the exploration of different alternative fuels. The application of alternative fuel is also found to influence engine vibration. The present study explores the potential connection between the change of the engine operating parameters and the engine vibration pattern. The objective is to analyse the effect of alternative fuel on engine vibration and performance. The experiments are performed on two different engines of single cylinder and twin-cylinder variants at the load range of 0 to 34Nm, with steps of 6.8Nm and at the constant speed of 1500rpm. The single cylinder engine, fuelled with only diesel mode, is tested at two compression ratios of 16.5 and 17.5. While, the twin-cylinder engine with a constant compression ratio of 16.5, is tested at both diesel unifuel and diesel-compressed natural gas dual-fuel modes. Further, in dual-fuel mode, tests are conducted with compressed natural gas substitutions of 40%, 60% and 80% for given loads and speed. The engine vibration signatures are measured in terms of root mean square acceleration, representing the amplitude of vibration. The combustion parameters considered are cylinder pressure, rate of pressure rise, heat release rate and ignition delay. At higher loads, the vibration amplitude increases along with the cylinder pressure. The maximum peak cylinder pressure of 95bar is found in the case of the single cylinder engine at the highest load condition that also produced a peak vibration of 3219m/s2.

scholarly journals Igniting Soaring Droplets of Promising Fuel Slurries

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Bogomolov ◽  
Timur Valiullin ◽  
Ksenia Vershinina ◽  
Sergey Shevyrev ◽  
Nikita Shlegel
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Complex Geometry ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Combustion Chambers ◽  
Fuel Droplets ◽  
Fine Coal ◽  
Active Research ◽  
Burning Coal

High rates of environmental pollution by boilers and thermal power plants burning coal of different grades are the main reason for active research in the world aimed at the development of alternative fuels. The solution to the formulated problem acceptable in terms of environmental, technical and economic criteria is the creation of composite slurry fuels with the use of fine coal or coal processing and enrichment waste, water of different quality, and oil sludge additive. This study considers modern technologies of burning slurry fuels as well as perspective research methods of the corresponding processes. A model combustion chamber is developed for the adequate study of ignition processes. The calculation of the basic geometric dimensions is presented. The necessity of manufacturing the combustion chamber in the form of an object of complex geometry is substantiated. With its use, several typical modes of slurry fuel ignition are determined. Principal differences of ignition conditions of a single droplet and group of fuel droplets are shown. Typical vortex structures at the fuel spray injection are shown. A comparison with the trajectories of fuel aerosol droplets in real combustion chambers used for the combustion of slurry fuels is undertaken.

scholarly journals PEMAKAIAN BAHAN BAKAR GAS MENJADI ALTERNATIF BAGI KENDARAAN BERMOTOR BERBAHAN BAKAR PREMIUM

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Indartono Indartono
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Alternative Fuel ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Selection Of

Indartono, in paper use of alternative fuel gas for a motor vehicle fuel oil explain that in many ways energy efficiency can also be more than just preservation. Energy efficiency is an attempt to reduce the use of petroleum materials and the selection of alternative fuels. Improved energy efficiency is also an environmental demands, because it can reduce air pollution, acid rain control the incidence and protect the earth from global warming, which may occur due to buildup of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. One of the alternative fuel is CNG. In motor vehicles, CNG usage advantages include lower price, the exhaust gas is cleaner burning results and the potential source is still very large. Keywords: energy efficiency, fuel, CNG

The Effects of Simulated Particle Deposition on Film Cooling

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Lawson ◽  
K. A. Thole
Keyword(s):  
Film Cooling ◽  
Momentum Flux ◽  
Particle Deposition ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Flux Ratio ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Spatially Resolved ◽  
Film Cooling Holes ◽  
Low Speed Wind Tunnel

Diminishing natural gas resources has increased incentive to develop cleaner, more efficient combined cycle power plants capable of burning alternative fuels such as coal-derived synthesis gas (syngas). Although syngas is typically filtered, particulate matter still exists in the hot gas path that has proven to be detrimental to the life of turbine components. Solid and molten particles deposit on film cooled surfaces that can alter cooling dynamics and block cooling holes. To gain an understanding of the effects that particle deposits have on film cooling, a methodology was developed to simulate deposition in a low speed wind tunnel using a low melt wax, which can simulate solid and molten phases. A facility was constructed to simulate particle deposition on a flat plate with a row of film cooling holes. Infrared thermography was used to measure wall temperatures for quantifying spatially resolved adiabatic effectiveness values in the vicinity of the film cooling holes as deposition occurred. Results showed that deposition reduced cooling effectiveness by approximately 20% at momentum flux ratios of 0.23 and 0.5 and only 6% at a momentum flux ratio of 0.95.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document