Wettability Analysis of Orthopaedic Materials Using Optical Contact Angle Methods

2006 ◽  
Vol 309-311 ◽  
pp. 1199-1202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abraham Salehi ◽  
Stanley Tsai ◽  
Vivek Pawar ◽  
Jeff Sprague ◽  
Gordon Hunter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Liquid Droplet ◽  
Sample Surface ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Radius Of Curvature ◽  
Oxide Ceramic ◽  
Optical Contact ◽  
Dlc Coating ◽  
Femoral Heads ◽  
Bearing Materials

The wettability behavior of orthopaedic materials influences the fluid film layer that affects both the friction and wear of the articulating surfaces in total joint arthroplasty. This study examined the wettability of various orthopaedic bearing materials such as alumina, zirconia, cobalt chrome (CoCr), and oxidized zirconium (OxZr). Diamond-like carbon (DLC) coating on CoCr was also examined. Additionally, the effect of radius of curvature was examined using OxZr femoral heads of various diameters. The contact angle of the liquid droplet on the surface of the material was measured using a optical contact angle method. Both water and bovine serum with 20 g/L protein concentration were used during testing, with a droplet size of 0.25 -L. The droplet was dispensed from an automated syringe and brought into contact with the sample surface. The contact angle was then measured by fitting polynomial curves to the sample surface and drop geometry. Ten individual drops were analyzed on each test component, with at least three test components for each material. There were no differences in contact angles with changing head size or when using serum compared to water. The alumina, OxZr, and zirconia femoral heads all exhibited a similar contact angle, while CoCr and DLC showed significantly greater contact angles. The smaller contact angles for the oxide ceramic surfaces indicate that they tend to be more wettable than the metals, which may help explain their lower friction and superior adhesive wear performance.

scholarly journals Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Wetting Behavior: Contact Angle Dependency on Water Potential Models

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Lukman Hakim ◽  
Irsandi Dwi Oka Kurniawan ◽  
Ellya Indahyanti ◽  
Irwansyah Putra Pradana
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Liquid Droplet ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Surface Wettability ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Potential Models ◽  
Surface Hydrophilicity ◽  
Dynamics Simulations

The underlying principle of surface wettability has obtained great attentions for the development of novel functional surfaces. Molecular dynamics simulations has been widely utilized to obtain molecular-level details of surface wettability that is commonly quantified in term of contact angle of a liquid droplet on the surface. In this work, the sensitivity of contact angle calculation at various degrees of surface hydrophilicity to the adopted potential models of water: SPC/E, TIP4P, and TIP5P, is investigated. The simulation cell consists of a water droplet on a structureless surface whose hydrophilicity is modified by introducing a scaling factor to the water-surface interaction parameter. The simulation shows that the differences in contact angle described by the potential models are systematic and become more visible with the increase of the surface hydrophilicity. An alternative method to compute a contact angle based on the height of center-of-mass of the droplet is also evaluated, and the resulting contact angles are generally larger than those determined from the liquid-gas interfacial line.

Ring-Shaped Sessile Droplet

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svyatoslav S. Chugunov ◽  
Douglas L. Schulz ◽  
Iskander S. Akhatov
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Liquid Droplet ◽  
Liquid Structure ◽  
Solid Substrate ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Equilibrium Contact Angle ◽  
Sessile Droplet ◽  
System Equilibrium ◽  
Energy Consideration ◽  
External Forces

It is recognized that small liquid droplet placed on the solid substrate forms equilibrium contact angle that can be obtained from well-known Young’s law. Previously, deviations from Young’s law were demonstrated for the droplets exposed to external fields (gravity, electric, etc) and for the droplets on non-homogeneous substrates. This work reveals that the Young’s equilibrium contact angle can be altered by geometrical reasons only. We consider a ring-shaped droplet on a solid substrate as a test structure for our discussion. We use the global energy consideration for analysis of system equilibrium for the case of freely deposited liquid with no external forces applied. The theoretical analysis shows that steady ring-shaped liquid structure on a solid substrate does exist with contact angles on both contact lines to be different from the Young’s equilibrium contact angle.

Microstructure and Wettability on the Elytral Surface of Aquatic Beetle

2013 ◽  
Vol 461 ◽  
pp. 731-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Xia Sun ◽  
Ai Ping Liang ◽  
Gregory S. Watson ◽  
Jolanta A. Watson ◽  
Yong Mei Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Butterfly Wing ◽  
Scanning Microscope ◽  
Optical Contact ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Aquatic Beetle ◽  
Wing Scales

The microstructures on elytral surface of aquatic beetles belonging to Hydrophilidae and Dytiscidae were observed under an environment scanning microscope, and the wettabilities were determined with an optical contact angle meter. The results show the elytral surfaces are relatively smooth compared to the structures of other insects such as the butterfly wing scales or cicada wing protrusions. They exhibit a polygonal structuring with grooves and pores being the main constituent units. The contact angles (CAs) range from 47.1oto 82.1o. The advancing and receding angles were measured by injecting into and withdrawing a small amount of water on the most hydrophilic (with a contact angle of 47.1o) and hydrophobic (with a contact angle of 82.1o) elytral surfaces, which illustrates the vital role of three-phase contact line (TCL) in the wetting mechanism of aquatic beetle elytral surfaces.

Superhydrophobicity of Silicon-Based Microstructured Surfaces

2014 ◽  
Vol 989-994 ◽  
pp. 267-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Li
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Dynamic Contact ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Silicon Surfaces ◽  
Silicon Substrates ◽  
Optical Contact ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Femtosecond Laser Micromachining ◽  
Microstructured Surfaces ◽  
Silicon Based

Here, a simple method was presented for fabricating superhydrophobic silicon surfaces. Square-pillar-array samples were fabricated on silicon substrates by using the femtosecond laser micromachining technology. We measured the static and dynamic contact angles for water on these surfaces. The contact angles and the rolling angles on the silicon surfaces were measured through an optical contact angle meter. Wettability studies revealed the films exhibited a superhydrophobic behaviour with a higher contact angle and lower rolling angle-a water droplet moved easily on the surface.

Spreading of Liquid Droplets on Cylindrical Surfaces: Accurate Determination of Contact Angle.

1989 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Daniel Wagner ◽  
E. Wiesel ◽  
H. E. Gallis
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Liquid Droplet ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Liquid Droplets ◽  
Liquid Polymers ◽  
Solid Liquid Interface ◽  
Solid Liquid

AbstractThe wetting of cylindrical monofilaments by liquid polymers is a problem of much scientific and technological importance. In particular, the characterization of the physicochemical nature of interfaces is a key problem in the field of advanced fibrous composites. The macroscopic regime contact angle, which reflects the energetics of wetting at the solid-liquid interface, is difficult to measure by usual methods in the case of very thin cylindrical fibers.In the present article a numerical method is proposed for the calculation of macroscopic regime contact angles from the shape of a liquid droplet spread onto a cylindrical monofilament. This method, which builds on earlier theoretical treatments by Yamaki and Katayama [1], and Carroll [2], very much improve the accuracy of the contact angle obtained. Experimental results with high-strength carbon, para-aramid, and glass fibers, are presented to demonstrate the high degree of accuracy of the method proposed.

scholarly journals The Effect of Sugar Content for the Wettability of Superhydrophobic Aluminum Substrate

2022 ◽  
Vol 2152 (1) ◽  
pp. 012023
Author(s):  
Shuwei Lv ◽  
Xinming Zhang ◽  
Xiaodong Yang ◽  
Ying Zhai
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Glucose Solution ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Sample Surface ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
Aluminum Substrate ◽  
Aluminum Surface ◽  
Optical Contact ◽  
Etching Technique ◽  
Water Contact

Abstract A chemical etching technique is used to prepare a superhydrophobic surface with a honeycomb rough structure on the aluminum surface. Use SEM, Optical contact angle meter and Surface tension detector to characterize the etched aluminum substrate. After the 8th etching, the surface of the sample showed the morphology of micro/nano-scale honeycomb pores and protrusions, and the water contact angle (WCA) is 135°. After being modified with octadecanethiol methanol solution, WCA is 153.1°. After modification, the contact angle of the sample surface decreases with the increase of the glucose solution concentration. When the glucose solution concentration reaches 1000 mg/L, the superhydrophobicity is lost.

scholarly journals Modelling Sessile Droplet Profile Using Asymmetrical Ellipses

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 2081
Author(s):  
Du Tuan Tran ◽  
Nhat-Khuong Nguyen ◽  
Pradip Singha ◽  
Nam-Trung Nguyen ◽  
Chin Hong Ooi
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Liquid Droplet ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
Contact Radius ◽  
Simulation Environment ◽  
Sessile Droplet ◽  
Elliptic Model ◽  
Modelling Approach

Modelling the profile of a liquid droplet has been a mainstream technique for researchers to study the physical properties of a liquid. This study proposes a facile modelling approach using an elliptic model to generate the profile of sessile droplets, with MATLAB as the simulation environment. The concept of the elliptic method is simple and easy to use. Only three specific points on the droplet are needed to generate the complete theoretical droplet profile along with its critical parameters such as volume, surface area, height, and contact radius. In addition, we introduced fitting coefficients to accurately determine the contact angle and surface tension of a droplet. Droplet volumes ranging from 1 to 300 µL were chosen for this investigation, with contact angles ranging from 90° to 180°. Our proposed method was also applied to images of actual water droplets with good results. This study demonstrates that the elliptic method is in excellent agreement with the Young–Laplace equation and can be used for rapid and accurate approximation of liquid droplet profiles to determine the surface tension and contact angle.

The Adherence between a Superhydrophobic Coating and the Surface of Aluminum Alloy

2012 ◽  
Vol 583 ◽  
pp. 350-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Yun Jiang ◽  
Ruo Mei Wu ◽  
Chen Guo ◽  
Wei Li Zhang ◽  
Zhi Qing Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Silane Coupling Agent ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Superhydrophobic Coating ◽  
Optical Contact ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Nano Structure ◽  
Silane Coupling

A superhydrophobic coating was prepared on the surface of aluminum alloy. The adherence and the hydrophobicity were observed by adherometer and optical contact angle meter, respectively. The affection of silane coupling agent KH550 was also investigated by the analysis of FTIR. The result indicated that the coating owns satisfactory adherence and the hydrophobicity. The treatment of KH550 increases the polar of the surface, which is responsible for the superior adherence. A similar micro-nano structure is mainly attributed to the hydrophobicity. When the density of PP-g-MAH is 1.7 % (mass ratio), the coating shows an optimum super-hydrophobicity and its water contact angles are at range of 163.0-163.9°.

Specific Surface Free Energy of Ruby Thin Film Grown on Sapphire Single Crystals Studied by Contact Angle of Liquid Droplet

2007 ◽  
Vol 1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takaomi Suzuki ◽  
Shintaro Sugane ◽  
Miki Hidaka ◽  
Katsuya Teshima ◽  
Shuji Oishi
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Free Energy ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Free Energy ◽  
Sapphire Substrate ◽  
Evaporation Rate ◽  
Liquid Droplet ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Crystal Surfaces

ABSTRACTRuby thin film was grown on sapphire substrate by evaporation method of MoO3 flux. Small amount of Na2CO3 was added in order to decrease the evaporation rate of flux. The contact angles of liquids and crystal surfaces were measured for water and formamide droplets, and the specific surface free energy of each face of the crystal was calculated using Fowkes approximation and Wu's mean equations. The growth hillocks on the synthesized thin film were observed. The addition of Na2CO3 incrased the density of hillocks and the specific surface free energy was larger for the ruby thin film, which has larger number of hillocks.

Field ion microscopy

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 434-435
Author(s):  
Gert Ehrlich
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Sample Surface ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Radius Of Curvature ◽  
Field Ion Microscopy ◽  
Phosphor Screen ◽  
Ion Microscopy ◽  
Field Ion Microscope

The field ion microscope, devised by Erwin Muller in the 1950's, was the first instrument to depict the structure of surfaces in atomic detail. An FIM image of a (111) plane of tungsten (Fig.l) is typical of what can be done by this microscope: for this small plane, every atom, at a separation of 4.48Å from its neighbors in the plane, is revealed. The image of the plane is highly enlarged, as it is projected on a phosphor screen with a radius of curvature more than a million times that of the sample. Müller achieved the resolution necessary to reveal individual atoms by imaging with ions, accommodated to the object at a low temperature. The ions are created at the sample surface by ionization of an inert image gas (usually helium), present at a low pressure (< 1 mTorr). at fields on the order of 4V/Å.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document