Identification of Load Applying on T-Shape Joint with Inverse Problem

2006 ◽  
Vol 326-328 ◽  
pp. 657-660
Author(s):  
Joon Hyuk Song ◽  
Hee Yong Kang ◽  
Hyo Sun Yu ◽  
Sung Mo Yang
Keyword(s):  
Principal Stress ◽  
Empirical Method ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Strain Gages ◽  
Unit Load ◽  
Principal Stresses ◽  
Driving Condition ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The Cost

In the beginning of design, exact load data are actually necessary for the fatigue strength and life analysis to minimize the cost and time of designing. The procedure of practical load determination is developed by the combination of the principal stresses of F.E.Analysis and experiment. This paper conceives new procedure for the determination of load direction and magnitude applied on mechanical structures. New procedure is the combination of the analytical and empirical method with analyzed strain by F.E. Analysis under unit load and with measured principal stress by strain gages under driving load, respectively. In this paper, we theorize the procedure of practical load determination and make the validity and the practicality of the procedure with the application to T-shape jointed structure. F.E. Analysis is conducted to get the principal stress on arbitrary points in the F.E. model of T-shape joint under unit load. Then experiment is carried out to get the principal stress on the same points of F.E. model. To demonstrate the actual driving condition, the load conditions are bending and torsion. From these two data sets, the magnitude, the direction and the position of load can be obtained.

scholarly journals Determination of the Paleostress Orientations and Magnitudes for Missan Structures, Southeastern Iraq

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 213-233
Author(s):  
Atheer Edan Khalil AL- Hachem ◽  
Mustafa Rasheed Salih Al – Obaidi
Keyword(s):  
Principal Stress ◽  
Graphical Methods ◽  
Principal Stresses ◽  
Unstable Region ◽  
Diagram Method ◽  
Stress Orientations

        The use of  Right dihedral method and Mohr diagram method allow determination of the paleostress orientation and its magnitude in Missan structures, Southeastern Iraq. The principal stress orientations and its magnitudes have been determined by the measure of the striation on the faults planes. The measurement of orientation of the principal stress was deduced by different graphical methods, the horizontal maximum principal stresses (σ1) magnitudes were (3600, 4360,4650, 4750 and 5700) bars, the horizontal  intermediate  principal stresses (σ2) magnitudes   were (1528, 1842,1962.5, 1998.5 and 2390.5) bars and the vertical minimum principal stresses (σ3) magnitudes were (544, 676,725, 753 and 919) bars. This study shows that area is located within the unstable region since the poles of measured faults lie in the area of reactivated faults in Mohr diagram.

scholarly journals Determination of the Principal Stresses of a Snow Cover on a Mountain Slope Using Snow Pressure Gauges

1985 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 215-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
MLtsuo Oh’Izumi ◽  
Tosio Huzioka
Keyword(s):  
Snow Cover ◽  
Principal Stress ◽  
Constitutive Equations ◽  
Vertical Plane ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
Mountain Slope ◽  
Principal Stresses ◽  
Contour Lines ◽  
Snow Pressure

Principal stresses in a snow cover on a uniform slope were determined by two methods, each using thin pressure gauges to measure snow pressure in the snow. These snow pressures were principal stress σ2on a vertical plane perpendicular to the contour lines and normal compressive stress σθon a plane perpendicular to the vertical plane. In addition, plastic Poisson’s ratio v was estimated in a snow cover on level ground. Estimates of principal strain rates were used to calculate principal stresses and viscosity by two different methods, using estimates of v and the constitutive equations of Yosida (1980) and the derived values of σ2and σθ.For dry and compact snow, σ1and σ3calculated by both methods agreed well with each other, and also with values obtained by the hole-mark method reported by Shimizu and Huzioka (1975).

A decision support method for internal truck employment

2014 ◽  
Vol 114 (9) ◽  
pp. 1378-1395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z.X. Wang ◽  
Felix T.S. Chan ◽  
S.H. Chung ◽  
Ben Niu
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Empirical Method ◽  
Container Terminals ◽  
Storage Allocation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Truck Scheduling ◽  
Integration Problem ◽  
The Cost

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose a model that determines the strategy of owning and renting trucks in combinations with internal truck scheduling and storage allocation problems in container terminals. Design/methodology/approach – To deal with this complicated problem, a two-level heuristic approach is developed, in which the integration problem is decomposed into two levels. The first level determines the daily operations of the internal trucks, while the second level determines the truck employment strategy based on the calculation in the first level. Findings – The results show that: even if the using cost of owned yard trucks is much lower than the cost of rented yard tucks, terminal companies should not purchase too many trucks when the purchasing price is high. In addition, the empirical truck employment strategies, which are purchasing all the trucks or renting all the trucks, are not cost-effective when compared with the proposed yard truck employment strategy. Originality/value – The paper provides a novel insight for the internal truck employment strategy in container terminals which is the determination of the strategy of employing renting and outsourcing yard trucks to meet operational daily transportation requirements and minimize the long-term cost of employing yard trucks. A mathematical model is proposed to deal with the practical problem. Also, this study presents better solution than empirical method for employing different types of yard truck. Thus, in order to obtain more benefit, terminal companies should employ the proposed yard truck employment strategy.

Stress Distribution at the Fillet of an Internal Flange

1961 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 618-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. E. Hofer ◽  
A. J. Durelli
Keyword(s):  
Stress Distribution ◽  
Cylinder Wall ◽  
Strain Gages ◽  
Principal Stresses ◽  
Eccentric Load ◽  
Bearing Plate ◽  
Cylinder Diameter ◽  
Flange Thickness ◽  
The Mean

This paper deals with the determination of the stress distribution at the fillet of a flange attached internally to a hollow cylinder. A load parallel to the axis of the cylinder and of variable eccentricity acts on a bearing plate which rests on the flange. The strains are measured by means of electrical resistance wire strain gages. The ratios of the mean cylinder diameter to the cylinder wall thickness and of the mean cylinder diameter to the flange thickness are varied. The principal stresses at the fillet are given as functions of these parameters. The experimental results are compared with the stresses calculated on the basis of an approximate theoretical solution for both an axial and an eccentric load.

scholarly journals Determination of the limiting state of bodies during separation in the case of the general plane problem

2021 ◽  
Vol 2094 (2) ◽  
pp. 022037
Author(s):  
A N Matveeva ◽  
S V Matveev ◽  
A A Andreeva
Keyword(s):  
Principal Stress ◽  
Plane Problem ◽  
Average Pressure ◽  
Principal Stresses ◽  
Limiting State ◽  
Characteristic Equations ◽  
General Plane ◽  
Limiting Value

Abstract The paper considers the general plane problem of determining the limiting state of bodies during separation. The conditions for reaching the limiting state are considered to depend on the average pressure and the direction of separation. The paper defines the characteristic equations for two cases of separation: equality of two principal stresses to the limiting value of separation and equality of one principal stress to the limiting value of separation. Equations of characteristics’ lines and relations along them are determined.

scholarly journals Determination of the Principal Stresses of a Snow Cover on a Mountain Slope Using Snow Pressure Gauges

1985 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 215-217
Author(s):  
MLtsuo Oh’Izumi ◽  
Tosio Huzioka
Keyword(s):  
Snow Cover ◽  
Principal Stress ◽  
Constitutive Equations ◽  
Vertical Plane ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
Mountain Slope ◽  
Principal Stresses ◽  
Contour Lines ◽  
Snow Pressure

Principal stresses in a snow cover on a uniform slope were determined by two methods, each using thin pressure gauges to measure snow pressure in the snow. These snow pressures were principal stress σ2 on a vertical plane perpendicular to the contour lines and normal compressive stress σ θ on a plane perpendicular to the vertical plane. In addition, plastic Poisson’s ratio v was estimated in a snow cover on level ground. Estimates of principal strain rates were used to calculate principal stresses and viscosity by two different methods, using estimates of v and the constitutive equations of Yosida (1980) and the derived values of σ2and σθ. For dry and compact snow, σ1 and σ3 calculated by both methods agreed well with each other, and also with values obtained by the hole-mark method reported by Shimizu and Huzioka (1975).

Diagnostic-Photographic Determination of Drag/Lift/Torque Coefficients of a High Speed Rigid Body in a Water Column

2009 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter C. Chu ◽  
Chenwu Fan ◽  
Paul R. Gefken
Keyword(s):  
Rigid Body ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Fast Moving ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Empirical Method ◽  
Empirical Formulas ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Semi Empirical

Prediction of a rigid body falling through water column with a high speed (such as Mk-84 bomb) needs formulas for drag/lift and torque coefficients, which depend on various physical processes such as free surface penetration and bubbles. A semi-empirical method is developed in this study to determine the drag/lift and torque coefficients for a fast-moving rigid body in a water column. The theoretical part is to derive the relationships (called diagnostic relationships) between (drag, lift, and torque) coefficients and (position and orientation) of the rigid body from the three momentum equations and the three moment of momentum equations. The empirical part is to collect data of trajectory and orientation of a fast-moving rigid body using multiple high-speed video cameras (10,000 Hz). Substitution of the digital photographic data into the theoretical relationships leads to semi-empirical formulas of drag/lift and torque coefficients, which are functions of the Reynolds number, attack angle, and rotation rate. This method was verified by 1/12th Mk-84 bomb strike experiment with various tail configurations (tail section with four fins, two fins, and no fin and no-tail section) conducted at the SRI test site. The cost of this method is much lower than the traditional method using the wind tunnel. Various trajectory patterns are found for different tail configurations.

Direct phase determination in electron crystallography: small organic molecules

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1166-1167
Author(s):  
Douglas L. Dorset
Keyword(s):  
Organic Molecules ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Temperature Structure ◽  
3D Analysis ◽  
Intensity Data ◽  
Electron Crystallography ◽  
Phase Determination ◽  
Measured Intensity ◽  
3D Data

The quantitative use of electron diffraction intensity data for the determination of crystal structures represents the pioneering achievement in the electron crystallography of organic molecules, an effort largely begun by B. K. Vainshtein and his co-workers. However, despite numerous representative structure analyses yielding results consistent with X-ray determination, this entire effort was viewed with considerable mistrust by many crystallographers. This was no doubt due to the rather high crystallographic R-factors reported for some structures and, more importantly, the failure to convince many skeptics that the measured intensity data were adequate for ab initio structure determinations.We have recently demonstrated the utility of these data sets for structure analyses by direct phase determination based on the probabilistic estimate of three- and four-phase structure invariant sums. Examples include the structure of diketopiperazine using Vainshtein's 3D data, a similar 3D analysis of the room temperature structure of thiourea, and a zonal determination of the urea structure, the latter also based on data collected by the Moscow group.

Mekanisme Dan Proteksi Jaminan Nasabah Pada Gadai Informal

Liquidity ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-109
Author(s):  
Yuri Nanda Larasati ◽  
Jafril Khalil
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Qualitative Research Methods ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Consumer Society ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The Cost

Regulation of the financial services authority (OJK) No. 31/POJK.05/2016 on Venture had arranged that the financial services agency on the basis of the law of pledge is in coaching and supervision OJK. Yet the existence of laws – invitation to Governing Enterprise pawn shops causing business activities conducted by the above parties are not yet regulated. The condition is feared could cause harm to the consumer society. The purpose of this research is to know the procedures, mechanisms, protection of goods and guarantee the consumer on an informal pledge financing, methods of determination of the cost of maintenance of the goods and the goods of the execution mechanism of the pledge as well as protection for the collateral items are viewed from the side of the consumer by looking at laws-invitations and Sharia. To find out whether the pledge have gotten permission from OJK. This research uses qualitative research methods with the study of library research, field data and simulations. The approach used in this study is the empirical juridical approach. Elaboration upon the results is discussed further in this article.

The Awareness Level of the Safety and Health of the Operational Level

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Roshanira Che Mohd Noor ◽  
Nur Atiqah Rochin Demong
Keyword(s):  
Health And Safety ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Operational Level ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Health Factors ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Awareness Level

Providing a safe and healthy workplace is one of the most effective strategies in for holding down the cost of doing construction business. It was a part of the overall management system to facilitate themanagement of the occupational health and safety risk that are associated with the business of the organization. Factors affected the awareness level inclusive of safety and health conditions, dangerous working area, long wait care and services and lack of emergency communication werethe contributed factors to the awareness level for the operational level. Total of 122 incidents happened at Telekom Malaysia Berhad as compared to year 2015 only 86 cases. Thus, the main objective of this study was to determine the relationship between safety and health factors and the awareness level among operational workers.The determination of this research was to increase the awareness level among the operational level workerswho committing to safety and health environment.

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