Effect of Hydroxyapatite Reinforced High Density Polyethylene Composites on Mechanical and Bioactivity Properties

The biomaterial composites consisting of a polymer with a matrix addition of particulate bioactive phase that analogous to the bone microstructure had been extensively studied as a substitute for human’s hard and soft tissues. In this work, HA reinforced HDPE composite (HDPE/HA) was made, with HA contents being up to 50 phr using single screw extruder nanomixer for the compounding process, and later followed by the injection moulding. These characteristics of the HDPE/HA composites were examined using various techniques including differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), tensile testing. Mechanical and thermal properties of the composite are differed when the amount of HA incorporated into the composite were varied. It is shown that HA particles were well dispersed and homogeneously distributed within the HDPE matrix. The elastic modulus and tensile strength were increased when the HA volume percentage increased from 10 phr to 50 phr with corresponding decreases in elongation at break. However no significant influence on thermal stability was found with increasing HA loadings. The enhancement of bioactivity has been proved while incorporation of HA into HDPE composite. SEM-EDX image showed the bulk formation of apatite layers on the composite surface with 30 wt% HA after 7 days immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF) solution. These results suggest the great potential of the composites for a range of temporary application in which bone bonding ability is a desired property.

Download Full-text

Effect of a Coupling Agent on Mechanical and Biological Properties of Polyetheretherketone/Hydroxyapatite Bioactive Composite for Prosthetic Medical Device

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.471-472.898 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 471-472 ◽

pp. 898-903 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ahmad Ramli Rashidi ◽

Uzir Wahit Mat ◽

R.A. Abdullah

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Coupling Agent ◽

Flexural Modulus ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Screw Extruder ◽

Composite Surface ◽

Single Screw ◽

Single Screw Extruder ◽

Sbf Solution ◽

Ceramic Hydroxyapatite

For many years, research was focused on developing a medical part of human body from polymer as to replace metal. In this study, the aim is to produce a Polyetheretherketone/Hydroxyapatite (PEEK/HA) composite which posses balance mechanical properties and good spreading of bioactive ceramic, hydroxyapatite. The composite consist of 10-30 wt% HA were compounded via nano-single screw extruder and sample for testing were produced by injection molding. Each formulation of HA was treated with (3-Aminopropyl)trimethoxysilanes coupling agent to compare with untreated HA. The result showed that the slight increasing value of Elastic modulus, flexural strength, tensile strength while decreasing flexural modulus for 10 and 20 wt% HA compared to untreated composite. The enhance of bioactivity has been proven with the incorporation of HA into PEEK. SEM-EDX image showed the bulk formation of apatite layers on the composite surface with 30 wt% HA after 3 days immersed in SBF solution. Finally, these composite be capable of being one of the biomedical part seing as the mechanical properties were found to be within the properties of human cortical and cancellous bone.

Download Full-text

Production and Characterization of Porous Starch Granule and Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) Blend as a Bio-Composite

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.1513 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 550-553 ◽

pp. 1513-1521

Author(s):

Sirirat Thothong ◽

Klanarong Sriroth ◽

Rattana Tantatherdtam ◽

Amnat Jarerat

Keyword(s):

Starch Granule ◽

Rice Starch ◽

Starch Granules ◽

Screw Extruder ◽

Elongation At Break ◽

Single Screw ◽

Single Screw Extruder ◽

Scanning Electron ◽

Granular Starch

To improve the miscibility of native rice starch granules and poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)(PBAT), rice starch was hydrolyzed by a mixture of α-amylase and amyloglucosidase. The obtained porous rice granular starch was then mechanically blended with PBAT by single screw extruder. Many pits and holes on the surface of starch granules were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The rough surface of the rice starch granules improved the compatibility of the polymers in the blends, which consequently increased the tensile strength and the elongation at break. In addition, SEM also revealed that the porous granules were homogeneously distributed in the polymer matrix with no appearance of gaps.

Download Full-text

The Effect of Silane on the Biomechanical Properties of PEEK/HA Composite

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1125.426 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 1125 ◽

pp. 426-431

Author(s):

Ahmad Ramli Rashidi ◽

Mat Uzir Wahit ◽

M.R. Abdullah ◽

Mohammed Rafiq Abdul Kadir

Keyword(s):

Cell Proliferation ◽

Coupling Agent ◽

U937 Cell ◽

Biomechanical Properties ◽

Screw Extruder ◽

Elongation At Break ◽

Single Screw ◽

Single Screw Extruder ◽

Bioactive Composites

Bioactive composites containing Polyetheretherketone / Hydroxyapatite (PEEK/HA) were prepared using nanomixer single screw extruder and injection molding. The loading of HA in PEEK matrix was made at different concentrations ranging from 10 wt% to 30 wt%. HA was treated with (3-Aminopropyl) trimethoxysilane, coupling agent, and compared to untreated HA in PEEK/HA composite to evaluate the changes in the biomechanical properties and cytotoxicity. The biomechanical properties including elongation at break and impact properties were assessed. Cell proliferation test was also performed with U937 cell line in the silane treated and untreated PEEK/HA composite. The results showed that silane coupled PEEK-HA had in general improved biomechanical properties than untreated HA and did not show cytotoxicity in vitro.

Download Full-text

Multifilament yarns of polyoxymethylene/poly(lactic acid) blends produced by a melt-spinning method

Textile Research Journal ◽

10.1177/0040517519865043 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 90 (3-4) ◽

pp. 294-301 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Weraporn Pivsa-Art ◽

Sommai Pivsa-Art

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Phase Separation ◽

Melt Spinning ◽

Morphological Analysis ◽

Poly Lactic Acid ◽

Screw Extruder ◽

Elongation At Break ◽

Single Screw ◽

Single Screw Extruder ◽

Multifilament Yarns

Multifilament yarns of polyoxymethylene (POM) and poly(lactic acid) (PLA) blends were prepared using a melt-spinning method. The ratios of the POM/PLA fibers studied were 10/90, 30/70, 50/50, 70/30, and 10/90 by weight compared with that of the pure polymers. The extrusion of the dry blend polymers was carried out using a single-screw extruder at 180–210℃ with a winding speed of 800 m/min. The thermal and morphological analysis of the multifilament yarn confirmed the phase separation of the two polymers. However, the mechanical properties of the blends showed excellent elongation at break, which confirmed the good distribution of PLA in the POM matrix. POM/PLA with weight ratios of 70/30 and 90/10 showed high tenacity. The elongation of the POM/PLA blends shows excellent results, which is unusual for polymer blends with phase separation.

Download Full-text

Effects of Phthalocyanine Blue and Ultramarine Blue Pigments on Nucleation of Polypropylene

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.488-489.473 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 488-489 ◽

pp. 473-477 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Onusa Saravari ◽

Kodchagorn Keeratichiraththitikan ◽

Noppadon Kerddonfag ◽

Wannee Chinsirikul

Keyword(s):

Nucleating Agent ◽

Blue Pigment ◽

Melt Blending ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Screw Extruder ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Single Screw ◽

Ultramarine Blue ◽

Single Screw Extruder ◽

Blending Process

This study investigated the effect of the organic phthalocyanine blue and inorganic ultramarine blue pigments on nucleation of polypropylene (PP). The PP/pigment pellets containing various concentrations of each pigment (0.0001-0.1 wt %) were prepared by a melt blending process using a single-screw extruder, followed by fabricating into thin sheets using a single-screw plastic sheet extruder. The nucleation effects of both pigments were characterized by wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques. The WAXD patterns revealed that the addition of phthalocyanine blue or ultramarine blue did not affect the crystal structure of PP. The DSC results indicated that both pigments were able to nucleate PP, where the organic phthalocyanine blue pigment was a very efficient nucleating agent, increasing the crystallization temperature of PP by 15oC. The results of tensile and optical tests showed that the tensile strength and clarity of PP were improved with phathalocyanine blue addition.

Download Full-text

Comparative study on the properties of PVC/TPU blends prepared by single screw and twin screw extruder

Material Science Research India ◽

10.13005/msri/070216 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 457-466 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

G. M. Shashidhara ◽

K. G. Pradeepa ◽

Rupalika Goel ◽

R. Bharath ◽

Arun Dhumal Rao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Ratio ◽

High Hardness ◽

Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽

Twin Screw Extruder ◽

Screw Extruder ◽

Single Screw ◽

Single Screw Extruder ◽

Variable Weight ◽

Twin Screw ◽

Two Phases

In this work, we have compared the mechanical and thermal properties PVC/TPU blends with variable weight ratio prepared using single screw and twin screw extruder. Two grades of TPUs differing in hardness (Shore A hardness 66 and 85) are used in making the blends. The tensile strength of PVC/TPU-1 and PVC/TPU-2 blends obtained from twin screw extruder is higher by 39% - 98% and 89% - 143% than that obtained from single screw extruder, which indicates intimate mixing of two phases in twin screw extruder. Beyond 30 % of TPU content, the blends of TPU-2 (high hardness grade) exhibit relatively high modulus compared to blends of TPU-1. The blends prepared by twin screw extruder were relatively harder. The rebound resilience of blends prepared by twin screw extruder was found to be always more. The rebound resilience of PVC/TPU-1 blends is relatively more compared to PVC/TPU-2 blends due to more number of soft segments in TPU-1. The blends were also characterized by abrasion resistance, MFI, DSC and TEM.

Download Full-text

Mechanical and thermal characterization of grafted PP-NCC nanocomposites

Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials ◽

10.1177/0892705719878226 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 089270571987822

Author(s):

Saud Aldajah ◽

Mohammad Y Al-Haik ◽

Waseem Siddique ◽

Mohammad M Kabir ◽

Yousef Haik

Keyword(s):

Thermal Properties ◽

Interfacial Adhesion ◽

Thermal Characterization ◽

Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽

Screw Extruder ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Three Point Bending ◽

Twin Screw ◽

Thermal Stability Of

This study reveals the enhancement of mechanical and thermal properties of maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene (PP- g-MA) with the addition of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC). A nanocomposite was manufactured by blending various percentages of PP, MA, and NCC nanoparticles by means of a twin-screw extruder. The influence of varying the percentages of NCC on the mechanical and thermal behavior of the nanocomposite was studied by performing three-point bending, nanoindentation, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy tests. The novelty of this study stems on the NCC nanoparticles and their ability to enhance the mechanical and thermal properties of PP. Three-point bending and nanoindentation tests revealed improvement in the mechanical properties in terms of strength, modulus, and hardness of the PP- g-MA nanocomposites as the addition of NCC increased. SEM showed homogeneity between the mixtures which proved the presence of interfacial adhesion between the PP- g-MA incorporated with NCC nanoparticles that was confirmed by the FTIR results. DSC and TGA measurements showed that the thermal stability of the nanocomposites was not compromised due to the addition of the coupling agent and reinforced nanoparticles.

Download Full-text