Design of Experiment Approach for Fabrication Process of Electrospun Shellac Nanofibers Using Factorial Designs

2017 ◽  
Vol 757 ◽  
pp. 120-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nawinda Chinatangkul ◽  
Sirikarn Pengon ◽  
Chutima Limmatvapirat ◽  
Sontaya Limmatvapirat
Keyword(s):  
Applied Voltage ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Diameter Distribution ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Protective Properties ◽  
Response Surface Plot ◽  
Surface Plot ◽  
Nanofiber Diameter ◽  
Full Factorial ◽  
Negative Relationships

Electrospun shellac nanofibers might be potentially used for wound dressing application due to its natural origin and excellent protective properties. In this study, a full factorial design with three replicated center points was performed in order to investigate the main and interaction effects of shellac content (35-40% w/w), applied voltage (9-27 kV) and flow rate (0.4-1.2 mL/hr) on the morphology of shellac nanofibers. A total of 11 experiments were conducted. The response variables were the diameter of nanofibers, the distribution of diameter and the amount of beads. The results showed that the concentration of shellac was the most significant impact on shellac nanofiber diameter, while applied voltage, interaction between shellac content and voltage, and feed rate were minor factors, respectively. Shellac content and applied voltage had negative relationships with bead amount. When reducing the concentration of shellac and voltage, the amount of beads was increased. However, the influence of these parameters on diameter distribution seemed to be not significant. Based on response surface plot, nanofibers with thinner diameter (~493 nm) and less number of beads (~0.47) could be obtained at the optimum conditions; the shellac content of 38.5% w/w, the voltage of 21 kV and the feed rate of 0.4 mL/hr.

scholarly journals Determination of Electrospinning Parameters’ Strength in Poly(D,L)-lactide-co-glycolide Micro/Nanofiber Diameter Tailoring

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Pin Chen ◽  
Hsin-Yi Liu ◽  
Yen-Wei Liu ◽  
Tzung-Yan Lee ◽  
Shih-Jung Liu
Keyword(s):  
Applied Voltage ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Diameter Distribution ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Nanofiber Diameter ◽  
Fiber Size ◽  
Multiple Field ◽  
Matrix Design

Electrospinning has received increasing interest and attention in recent years for fabricating micro/nanofibers of various materials; this is due to its versatility and capability of multiple field applications, including filtration, biosensors, tissue engineering, wound dressings, drug delivery, and composites. Nonetheless, the optimization of the electrospinning process is based on a time-consuming trial-and-error procedure. An empirical study, in conformity with the Taguchi orthogonal matrix design, was carried out to investigate the influence of various processing variables on the electrospinning of resorbable poly(D,L)-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA). Three different solvents, hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP), dichloromethane (DCM), and trichloromethane (TCM), were employed. Five variables were selected for evaluation, including PLGA concentration, the solution’s flow rate from the nozzle, the distance between the nozzle and ground collection, the voltage, and the type of solvents. After electrospinning, we performed a morphological analysis of nanofibers by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and measured the fiber size by the evaluation of SEM images. Among the variables selected, the type of solvent and the applied voltage were found to be the principal variables influencing the diameter distribution of electrospun PLGA fibers. Nanofibers with the smallest fiber size (466.25±158.38 nm) could be obtained with HFIP solvent and an applied voltage of 15 kV.

Analysis of faults in rotor-bearing system using three-level full factorial design and response surface methodology

2021 ◽  
pp. 095745652110307
Author(s):  
Hara P Mishra ◽  
Arun Jalan
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Fault Analysis ◽  
Vibration Response ◽  
Effect Analysis ◽  
Outer Race ◽  
Surface Plot ◽  
Rotor Bearing ◽  
Full Factorial ◽  
Bearing System

This article presents the experimental and statistical methodology for localized fault analysis in the rotor-bearing system. These defects on outer race, on inner race, and on a combination of ball and outer race are considered. In this study speed, load and defects were considered as the essential process variables to understand their significance and effects on vibration response for the rotor-bearing system. Three factors at three levels were considered for experimentation, and the experiment was designed for L27 based on design of experiments (DOE) methodology. From the experiments, the vibration response results are recorded in terms of root mean square value for the analysis. Response surface methodology (RSM) is used for identifying the interaction effect of varying process parameters upon the response of vibrations by response surface plot. The rotor-bearing test setup is used for experimentation and is analyzed by using DOE. This study establishes the prediction of fault in the rotor-bearing system in combined parametric effect analysis and its influence with DOE and RSM.

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH OF PARTIAL REGULAR MICRORELIEFS FORMED ON ROTARY BODY FACE SURFACES

Aviation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 268-277
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Dzyura ◽  
Pavlo Maruschak ◽  
Stoyan Slavov ◽  
Diyan Dimitrov ◽  
Dimka Vasileva
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Models ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Response Surfaces ◽  
Cnc Milling ◽  
Natural Form ◽  
Face Surface ◽  
Contour Plots ◽  
Full Factorial Experimental Design ◽  
Full Factorial

The basic regularities in the influence of processing parameters on the geometrical characteristics of the partially regular microreliefs, formed on the rotary body face surface, are established. Combinations of partially regular microreliefs are formed by using a contemporary CNC milling machine, and an advanced programing method, based on previously developed mathematical models. Full factorial experimental design is carried out, which consist of three factors, varied on three levels. Regression stochastic models in coded and natural form, which give the relations between the width of the grooves and the deforming force, feed rate and the pitch of the axial grooves, are derived as a result. Response surfaces and contour plots are built in order to facilitate the results analysis. Based on the dependencies of the derived regression stochastic models, it is found that the greatest impact on the width of the grooves has the magnitude of the deforming force,followed by the feed rate. Also, it is found that the axial pitch between adjacent toolpaths has the least impact on the width of the grooves. As a result of the full-factorial experiment, the average geometric parameters of the microrelief grooves were obtained on their basis. When used, these values will provide for the required value of the relative burnishing area of the surface with regular microreliefs, and, accordingly, the specified operational properties.

Defect evaluation of the honeycomb structures formed during the drilling process

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 454-466
Author(s):  
P Ghabezi ◽  
M Farahani ◽  
A Shahmirzaloo ◽  
H Ghorbani ◽  
NM Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Feed Rate ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Delamination Factor ◽  
Drilling Parameters ◽  
Principal Factors ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Full Factorial Experimental Design ◽  
Tool Diameter ◽  
Full Factorial

In this paper, a comprehensive experimental investigation was carried out to precisely characterize the delamination and uncut fiber in the drilling process. A digital imaging procedure was developed in order to calculate the damage resulted from the drilling process. A novel method is proposed in this article based on image intensity to verify the obtained results. A full factorial experimental design was performed to evaluate the importance of the drilling parameters. Among other process parameters, feed rate, cutting speed, and tool diameter are the principal factors responsible for the delamination damage size during the drilling. The drilling process was assessed based on two proposed incurred damage factors, specifically the delamination factor and uncut fiber factor. Experimental results demonstrated that the feed rate was the paramount parameter for both delamination and uncut fiber factors. It was observed that both factors increased with an increase in the feed rate. Additionally, by increasing the tool diameter, the delamination and uncut fiber factors significantly increase. The effects of the cutting speed on damage factors were not linear. The minimum delamination factor and uncut fiber factor were obtained at the cutting speed of 1500 and 2500 r/min, respectively.

Research on Electrospinning Process of Pullulan Nanofibers

2012 ◽  
Vol 268-270 ◽  
pp. 198-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Bin Sun ◽  
D. Jia ◽  
Wei Min Kang ◽  
Bo Wen Cheng ◽  
Ya Bin Li
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Applied Voltage ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Diameter Distribution ◽  
Optimal Parameters ◽  
Redistilled Water ◽  
Water As Solvent

A kind of pullulan biopolymer nanofibers with diameter of 100～700nm were obtained using redistilled water as solvent through electrospinning technology in this paper. The effects of the spinning solution concentration, applied voltage, flow rate and capillary–screen distance on morphology and diameter distribution of pullulan nanofiber were studied by SEM. The results show that, different parameters had great influence on nanofibers’ morphology and diameter. The optimal parameters of pullulan nanofibers electrospinning were: 22wt.% spinning solution concentration, 31 kV voltage, 20 cm capillary–screen distance and 0.5ml/h flow rate.

scholarly journals Multiple-Jet Needleless Electrospinning Approach via a Linear Flume Spinneret

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2052 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Wei ◽  
Chengkun Liu ◽  
Xue Mao ◽  
Jie Dong ◽  
Wei Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
Applied Voltage ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
Average Error ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Needleless Electrospinning ◽  
Nanofiber Diameter ◽  
Multiple Jets ◽  
Spinning Process

There is a great limitation to improving the quality and productivity of nanofibers through the conventional single-needle method. Using needleless electrospinning technology to generate multiple jets and enhance the productivity of nanofibers has attracted lots of interest for many years. This study develops a novel linear flume spinneret to fabricate nanofibers. Multiple jets with two rows can be formed simultaneously on the surface of the spinneret. The solution concentration has a significant impact on the average nanofiber diameter compared with applied voltage and collection distance. The effects of different spinning process parameters on the productivity of nanofibers are investigated. High-quality nanofibers with small nanofiber diameter and error can be fabricated successfully. The average nanofiber diameter is 108 ± 26 nm. The average error is 24%. The productivity of nanofibers can reach 4.85 ± 0.36 g/h, which is about 24 times more than that of the single-needle method. This novel linear flume spinneret needleless electrospinning technology exhibits huge potential for mass production of nanofibers in the field of industrialization.

Optimised photocatalytic degradation of a mixture of azo dyes using a TiO2/H2O2/UV process

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (8) ◽  
pp. 1392-1398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soraya Moreno Palácio ◽  
Fernando Rodolfo Espinoza-Quiñones ◽  
Aparecido Nivaldo Módenes ◽  
Diego Ricieri Manenti ◽  
Cláudio Celestino Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Kinetic Rate Constant ◽  
Kinetic Rate ◽  
Full Factorial Experimental Design ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Full Factorial

The aim of the present study was to optimise the photocatalytic degradation of a mixture of six commercial azo dyes, by exposure to UV radiation in an aqueous solution containing TiO2-P25. Response surface methodology, based on a 32 full factorial experimental design with three replicates was employed for process optimisation with respect to two parameters: TiO2 (0.1–0.9 g/L) and H2O2 (1–100 mmol/L). The optimum conditions for photocatalytic degradation were achieved at concentrations of 0.5 g TiO2/L and 50 mmol H2O2/L, respectively. Dye mineralisation was confirmed by monitoring TOC, conductivity, sulfate and nitrate ions, with a sulfate ion yield of 96% under optimal reactor conditions. Complete decolorisation was attained after 240 min irradiation time for all tested azo-dyes, in a process which followed a pseudo-first kinetic order model, with a kinetic rate constant of approximately 0.018 min−1. Based on these results, this photocatalytic process has promise as an alternative for the treatment of textile effluents.

Effect of Electrospinning Parameters Setting towards Fiber Diameter

2013 ◽  
Vol 845 ◽  
pp. 985-988 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.H.A. Ngadiman ◽  
M.Y. Noordin ◽  
Ani Idris ◽  
Denni Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Applied Voltage ◽  
Fiber Diameter ◽  
Volume Flow Rate ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Volume Flow ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
Nanofiber Diameter ◽  
New Process

Fabrication of nanofibers using electrospinning has recently attracted much attention for various applications due to its simplicity. Electrospinning has the ability to produce nanofibers within 100-500 nm. Some applications require certain fiber diameter. As a relatively new process, there are many electrospinning parameters that are believed to influence the nanofibers diameter. The purpose of this review is to identify and discuss the effect of some of those parameters, i.e. concentration, spinning distance, and applied voltage, and volume flow rate, to the nanofiber diameter during electrospinning process. It was concluded that fiber volume flow rate is proportional to fiber diameter while there is no agreement in reports on other parameters.

scholarly journals Response Surface ‎Methodology for Optimization of Ethanol ‎Production from Cocoa Waste

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Simultaneous Saccharification And Fermentation ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Fermented Food ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Anova Analysis ◽  
Full Factorial ◽  
Simultaneous Saccharification

Cocoa waste (CW) is an inexpensive agro-industrial by-product that is available in large quantities in tropical countries such as Malaysia. The rate of ethanol production can be affected by different parameters involved during fermentation. In this study, response surface methodology (RSM) with the full factorial design was used to obtain optimum conditions for bioethanol production using CW as the substrate. The simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) performed with an isolated microorganism from locally fermented food tapai ubi and tapai pulut. The effect of four independent variables temperature, CW concentration, inoculum size, and pH was investigated. In the optimized condition temperature of 31.7°C, pH 6.0, inoculum size 10.5%, and CW concentration 0.3 g/L, the highest ethanol production was 9.5 ± 1.1. ANOVA analysis revealed that temperature and CW concentration had the most significant effects on ethanol production. In addition, ethanol production was increased in the highest level of pH and inoculum size. Therefore it can be concluded that ethanol production increased from 6.2 ± 0.8 g/L to 9.5 ± 1.1 g/L after optimization.

scholarly journals Optimization of parameters affecting dealcoholization of anthocyanin extract by liquid emulsion membrane using response surface methodology

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 562-574
Author(s):  
Prakash Binnal ◽  
Rajashekhara S. ◽  
Jagadish Patil
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Suitable Model ◽  
Central Composite Rotatable Design ◽  
Design Expert ◽  
Optimum Parameters ◽  
Response Surface Plot ◽  
Surface Plot ◽  
Liquid Emulsion ◽  
Central Composite

Colour is one of most important properties of foods and beverages and is a basis for their identification and acceptability. Anthocyanin from red cabbage was extracted using 50 % ethanol. The extract was dealcoholized by Liquid Emlusion Membrane technology (LEM). Parafin oil was used as a solvent, lecithin was used as a surfactant and water as stripping medium. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to design the experiments. A total of 30 experiments were conducted in accordance with central composite rotatable design. Design expert 8 was used to design the experiments. % extraction of alcohol in each case was determined. A suitable model was fitted to experimental data by regression analysis (R-square=0.93). Response surface plot were analysed and optimum parameters for dealcoholization were found to be speed=365.44 rpm, time=18.62 min, concentration of lecithin=2.84 %, feed to emulsion ratio=3.05. A maximum dealcoholisation of 18.63 % was observed under these conditions

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