Effect of Kaempferia parviflora on Streptococcus mutans Biofilm Formation and its Cytotoxicity

2018 ◽  
Vol 773 ◽  
pp. 328-332
Author(s):  
Supaporn Mala ◽  
Sroisiri Thaweboon ◽  
Pipat Luksamijarukul ◽  
Boonyanit Thaweboon ◽  
Chayaporn Saranpuetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Human Gingival Fibroblast ◽  
Gingival Fibroblast ◽  
Kaempferia Parviflora ◽  
Associated Bacteria

Streptococcus mutans is the most prevalent bacterial species isolated from the human oral cavity. Its ability to form biofilms is an important factor in the pathogenesis of dental caries. Thus, the search for new antimicrobial agents, especially from plants, has been intensified. Kaempferia parviflora has been the subject of research for many pharmacological and antimicrobial activities. In this study, we evaluated the effect of ethanolic extract of K. parviflora root (0.46, 0.94, 1.87, 3.75, 7.5, 15, and 30 mg/ml) on S. mutans KPSK2 biofilm formation using crystal violet assay. Cytotoxicity was determined according to 10993-5/2009 on human gingival fibroblast by MTT assay. The results showed that K. parviflora extract could inhibit biofilm formation to approximately 62-82% at the concentrations of 0.46-30 mg/ml. In the case of cytotoxicity, no cytotoxic potential was demonstrated at concentration of £ 7.5 mg/ml of K. parviflora. In conclusion, K. parviflora extract is a potentially useful anti-biofilm agent against caries-associated bacteria and could be used as adjunct to other caries preventive measures.

In vitro Antimicrobial Activities of 1-Methoxyficifolinol, Licorisoflavan A, and 6,8-Diprenylgenistein against Streptococcus mutans

2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sug-Joon Ahn ◽  
Soon-Nang Park ◽  
Young Ju Lee ◽  
Eun-Jung Cho ◽  
Yun Kyong Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Licorice Root ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Human Gingival Fibroblast ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Gingival Fibroblast ◽  
Biofilm Development ◽  
Time Kill

The objective of the study was to investigate the antimicrobial effects of purified single compounds from ethanol-extracted licorice root on Streptococcus mutans. The crude licorice root extract (CLE) was obtained from Glycyrrhiza uralensis, which was subjected to column chromatography to separate compounds. Purified compounds were identified by mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance. Antimicrobial activities of purified compounds from CLE were evaluated by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration and by performing time-kill kinetics. The inhibitory effects of the compounds on biofilm development were evaluated using crystal violet assay and confocal microscopy. Cell toxicity of substances to normal human gingival fibroblast (NHGF) cells was tested using a methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay. Chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) was used in the control group. Three antimicrobial flavonoids, 1-methoxyficifolinol, licorisoflavan A, and 6,8-diprenylgenistein, were isolated from the CLE. We found that the three flavonoids and CHX had bactericidal effects on S. mutans UA159 at the concentration of ≥4 and ≥1 µg/ml, respectively. The purified compounds completely inhibited biofilm development of S. mutans UA159 at concentrations over 4 μg/ml, which was equivalent to 2 μg/ml of CHX. Confocal analysis showed that biofilms were sparsely scattered in the presence of over 4 μg/ml of the purified compounds. However, the three compounds purified from CLE showed less cytotoxic effects on NHGF cells than CHX at these biofilm-inhibitory concentrations. Our results suggest that purified flavonoids from CLE can be useful in developing oral hygiene products, such as gargling solutions and dentifrices for preventing dental caries.

scholarly journals Combinatorial therapy of chitosan hydrogel-based zinc oxide nanocomposite attenuates the virulence of Streptococcus mutans

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shima Afrasiabi ◽  
Abbas Bahador ◽  
Alireza Partoazar
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Causative Factor ◽  
Human Gingival Fibroblast ◽  
Gingival Fibroblast ◽  
Chitosan Hydrogel ◽  
Dental Biofilm ◽  
Carious Lesions

Abstract Background Biofilm formation is an important causative factor in the expansion of the carious lesions in the enamel. Hence, new approaches to efficient antibacterial agents are highly demanded. This study was conducted to evaluate the antimicrobial-biofilm activity of chitosan hydrogel (CS gel), zinc oxide/ zeolite nanocomposite (ZnONC) either separately or combined together [ZnONC / CS gel (ZnONC-CS)] against Streptococcus mutans biofilm. Results MTT assay demonstrated that the ZnONC-CS exhibits a non-cytotoxic effect (> 90% cell viability) toward human gingival fibroblast cells at different dosages (78.1–625 μg/mL) within 72 h. In comparison with CS gel and ZnONC, ZnONC-CS was superior at biofilm formation and metabolic activity reduction by 33 and 45%, respectively; (P < 0.05). The field emission scanning electron microscopy micrographs of the biofilms grown on the enamel slabs were largely in concordance with the quantitative biofilm assay results. Consistent with the reducing effect of ZnONC-CS on biofilm formation, the expression levels of gtfB, gtfC, and ftf significantly decreased. Conclusions Taken together, excellent compatibility coupled with an enhanced antimicrobial effect against S. mutans biofilm has equipped ZnONC-CS as a promising candidate for dental biofilm control.

scholarly journals Propolis nanoparticle enhances the potency of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy against Streptococcus mutans in a synergistic manner

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shima Afrasiabi ◽  
Maryam Pourhajibagher ◽  
Nasim Chiniforush ◽  
Abbas Bahador
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Fibroblast Cell ◽  
Human Gingival Fibroblast ◽  
Gingival Fibroblast ◽  
Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Less invasive removal approaches have been recommended for deep caries lesions. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) and propolis nanoparticle (PNP) are highlighted for the caries management plan. Evidence is lacking for an additive effect of combination PNP with photosensitizer (PS) in aPDT. This study aimed to investigate the individual and synergistic effects of chlorophyllin-phycocyanin mixture (PhotoActive+) and toluidine blue O (TBO) as PSs in combination with PNP in the aPDT process (aPDTplus) against major important virulence factors of Streptococcus mutans. Following characterization, biocompatibility of the PSs alone, or in combination with PNP were investigated on human gingival fibroblast cell. The in vitro synergy of PhotoActive+ or TBO and PNP was evaluated by the checkerboard method. The bacteria's virulence properties were surveyed in the presence of the PSs, individually as well as in combination. When the PSs were examined in combination (synergistic effect, FIC Index < 0.5), a stronger growth inhibitory activity was exhibited than the individual PSs. The biofilm formation, as well as genes involved in biofilm formation, showed greater suppression when the PSs were employed in combination. Overall, the results of this study suggest that the combination of PhotoActive+ or TBO with PNP with the least cytotoxicity effects and the highest antimicrobial activites would improve aPDT outcomes, leading to synergistic effects and impairing the virulence of S. mutans.

scholarly journals Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Studies of Synthetic Copper(I)-containing Small Molecule Complexes Against Streptococcus Mutans in Vitro

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Pan ◽  
Yinuo Wang ◽  
Fengshou Liu ◽  
Huancai Lin ◽  
Yan Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Small Molecule ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Copper Complexes ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Confocal Laser

Abstract Background With the goal to develop high efficiency oral antimicrobial agents to prevent dental caries, a collection of copper(I)-containing small molecule complexes with different substitution were synthesized and characterized. In current research, we screened these complexes and explored their antimicrobial activities, especially against cariogenic bacteria Streptococcus mutans. Methods The characterization and minimum inhibitory concentrations of these complexes have been determined by NMR spectroscopy and standard broth microdilution, respectively. Biofilm formation and morphology were evaluated using crystal violet staining, MTT, confocal laser scanning microscope and scanning electron microscope. Finally, we tested the biocompatibility. Results Cu1 was screened and presented excellent performance, which suggested that the less lipophilic and less steric copper complexes would be effective toward the bacterial. Cu1 also effectively inhibited the formation of S.mutans biofilm at its minimum inhibitory concentration. Conclusions This study demonstrates a high potential of copper(I)-containing small molecule complexes as broad-spectrum inhibitors to treat oral bacterial, especially for diminishing S.mutans biofilm formation.

scholarly journals Early Biofilm Formation on UV Light Activated Nanoporous TiO2SurfacesIn Vivo

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nagat Areid ◽  
Eva Söderling ◽  
Johanna Tanner ◽  
Ilkka Kangasniemi ◽  
Timo O. Närhi
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Mutans Streptococci ◽  
Human Gingival Fibroblast ◽  
Gingival Fibroblast ◽  
Biofilm Development

Purpose. To explore earlyS. mutansbiofilm formation on hydrothermally induced nanoporous TiO2surfacesin vivoand to examine the effect of UV light activation on the biofilm development.Materials and Methods. Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy discs (n = 40) were divided into four groups with different surface treatments: noncoated titanium alloy (NC); UV treated noncoated titanium alloy (UVNC); hydrothermally induced TiO2coating (HT); and UV treated titanium alloy with hydrothermally induced TiO2coating (UVHT).In vivoplaque formation was studied in 10 healthy, nonsmoking adult volunteers. Titanium discs were randomly distributed among the maxillary first and second molars. UV treatment was administered for 60 min immediately before attaching the discs in subjects’ molars. Plaque samples were collected 24h after the attachment of the specimens. Mutans streptococci (MS), non-mutans streptococci, and total facultative bacteria were cultured, and colonies were counted.Results. The plaque samples of NC (NC + UVNC) surfaces showed over 2 times more oftenS. mutanswhen compared to TiO2surfaces (HT + UVHT), with the number of colonized surfaces equal to 7 and 3, respectively.Conclusion. Thisin vivostudy suggested that HT TiO2surfaces, which we earlier showed to improve blood coagulation and encourage human gingival fibroblast attachmentin vitro, do not enhance salivary microbial (mostly mutans streptococci) adhesion and initial biofilm formation when compared with noncoated titanium alloy. UV light treatment provided Ti-6Al-4V surfaces with antibacterial properties and showed a trend towards less biofilm formation when compared with non-UV treated titanium surfaces.

scholarly journals Activity of Human β-Defensin 3 Alone or Combined with Other Antimicrobial Agents against Oral Bacteria

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (10) ◽  
pp. 3349-3351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppantonio Maisetta ◽  
Giovanna Batoni ◽  
Semih Esin ◽  
Filippo Luperini ◽  
Manuela Pardini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Actinobacillus Actinomycetemcomitans ◽  
Streptococcus Sobrinus

ABSTRACT The in vitro activities of human β-defensin 3 (hBD-3) alone or combined with lysozyme, metronidazole, amoxicillin, and chlorhexidine were investigated with the oral bacteria Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis, Streptococcus sobrinus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, and Porphyromonas gingivalis. hBD-3 showed bactericidal activity against all of the bacterial species tested. The bactericidal effect was enhanced when the peptide was used in combination with the antimicrobial agents mentioned above.

Anti-Biofilm Formation of Streptococcus mutans by Jasmine Mouthwash

2018 ◽  
Vol 773 ◽  
pp. 323-327
Author(s):  
Sroisiri Thaweboon ◽  
Boonyanit Thaweboon
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Oral Streptococci ◽  
Drug Of Choice ◽  
Causative Microorganism ◽  
Warm Temperate

Streptococcus mutans has been reported to be a major causative microorganism for oral biofilm associated with dental caries. Jasmine sambac or Arabian jasmine is a species of jasmine native to tropical and warm temperate regions particularly West and Southeast Asia. The antimicrobial activities of essential oil extracted from the flowers of J. sambac have been shown to attract researchers. Objective: To determine the anti-biofilm formation of S. mutans by mouthwash containing jasmine oil. Materials and Methods: S. mutans KPSK2, the cariogenic strain of oral streptococci was used in the study. The 24-h biofilms of S. mutans were formed on polystyrene plates treated with jasmine mouthwash. The 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate and phosphate buffer saline mouthwash were used as a positive and negative control respectively. The amount of biofilm was quantified by crystal violet staining and spectrophotometry at an optical density of 595 nm. Results: Jasmine mouthwash showed a significant inhibitory effect on S. mutans biofilm formation by decreasing 43% of biofilm whereas that of chlorhexidine showed 71% reduction. Conclusion: The anti-biofilm formation property of jasmine mouthwash was elucidated; therefore it might be another drug of choice that can be used as an adjunct to control the oral health in the prevention of dental caries.

scholarly journals Therapeutic effects of antibiotics loaded cellulose nanofiber and κ-carrageenan oligosaccharide composite hydrogels for periodontitis treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Athira Johnson ◽  
Fanbin Kong ◽  
Song Miao ◽  
Hong-Ting Victor Lin ◽  
Sabu Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibers ◽  
Periodontal Pocket ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Human Gingival Fibroblast ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Gingival Fibroblast ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease that can lead to the periodontal pocket formation and tooth loss. This study was aimed to develop antimicrobials loaded hydrogels composed of cellulose nanofibers (CNF) and κ-carrageenan oligosaccharides (CO) nanoparticles for the treatment of periodontitis. Two antimicrobial agents such as surfactin and Herbmedotcin were selected as the therapeutic agents and the hydrogels were formulated based on the increasing concentration of surfactin. The proposed material has high thermal stability, controlled release, and water absorption capacity. This study was proceeded by investigating the in vitro antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties of the hydrogels. This material has strong antibacterial activity against periodontal pathogens such as Streptococcus mutans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Moreover, a significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) production and a decrease in biofilm formation and metabolic activity of the bacteria was observed in the presence of hydrogel. Besides, it reduced the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, transcription factor, and cytokines production in human gingival fibroblast cells (HGF) under inflammatory conditions. In conclusion, the hydrogels were successfully developed and proven to have antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties for the treatment of periodontitis. Thus, it can be used as an excellent candidate for periodontitis treatment.

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