Evaluation of Low Velocity Impact Response of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composites

2018 ◽  
Vol 779 ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Mihaela Raluca Condruz ◽  
Alexandru Paraschiv ◽  
Ionuț Sebastian Vintilă ◽  
Mihail Sima ◽  
Andreea Deutschlander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymeric Composite ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Impact Testing ◽  
Impact Response ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Specimen Thickness ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Cfrp Laminates ◽  
The Impact

The analysis of damage resulted from concentrated out-of-plane impact forces is a concern in case of fiber reinforced polymeric composite aerostructures. Thereby, it can be quantified in terms of resulting size/damage type by drop weight impact testing. The aim of the present research was to evaluate the impact response of CFRP laminates by FEA and experimental tests. For FEA, two failure criterions were used, energetic criterion and Tsai Wu criterion. In both modeling scenarios the laminate was fractured. In case of the energetic criterion it was observed a meandering crack along with internal delamination of the material plies, while in case of the Tsai Wu criterion the impactor passes through the specimen, destroying the impacted area. Experimental tests performed at 0.7 meters height and 33 J of impact energy showed that all material plies were visible damaged, but the impactor didn’t pass through all specimen thickness. Different damage modes were observed on the tested specimens, the impacted face of the specimen presented a combined damage consisting in large cracks with fiber breakage indentation/puncture and a dent while on the non-impacted side of the specimen splits, cracks and a small swelling were observed. Considering the results from FEA and experimental tests, it can be said that regarding the damage shape, the experimental results are in a good agreement with a combination of the results obtained from the two failure models of FEA.

Comparison of Low-Velocity Impact Damage Behavior of Unidirectional Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Thermoset and Thermoplastic Composites

2019 ◽  
Vol 809 ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Florian Schimmer ◽  
Sven Ladewig ◽  
Nicole Motsch ◽  
Joachim M. Hausmann ◽  
Ingo Ehrlich
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Impact Damage ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Impact Testing ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Thermoplastic Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Damage Behavior ◽  
The Impact

This paper investigates the damage behavior of thermoset and thermoplastic fiber-reinforced composites. The specimens were subjected to low-velocity impacts (LVI) to produce barely visible impact damages (BVID). To compare the dependency of the matrix system and the laminate lay-up on the impact damage, four test series were set up. Therefore, laminates with an epoxy (EP) and a polyether ether ketone (PEEK) matrix in a quasi-isotropic (QI) [+45/0/-45/90]2s and an orthotropic (OT) fiber lay-up [0/90]4s were manufactured. To eliminate the influence of variant fiber systems, the thermoplastic tape and the thermoset prepreg contain similar carbon fibers (CF). After impact testing with three different impact energies, inner damages were investigated by using ultrasonic analyses. To get a deeper understanding of the interior damage mechanisms, cross sections of the damaged areas were examined via reflected light microscopy. By using these destructive and non-destructive test methods, significant differences in the damage behavior of composites with thermoplastic and thermoset matrix systems were identified for both laminate lay-ups.

The perforation resistance of sandwich structures subjected to low velocity projectile impact loading

2012 ◽  
Vol 116 (1186) ◽  
pp. 1247-1262 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Zhou ◽  
Z. W. Guan ◽  
W. J. Cantwell
Keyword(s):  
Sandwich Structures ◽  
Sandwich Panels ◽  
Impact Testing ◽  
Impact Response ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
The Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Analysis Package ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This article presents the findings of a study to investigate the impact perforation resistance of sandwich structures. The dynamic response of sandwich panels based on PVC foam cores has been evaluated by determining the energy to perforate the panels. The impact response of the sandwich structures was predicted using the finite element analysis package Abaqus/Explicit. The validated FE models were also used to investigate the effect of oblique loading and to study the impact response of sandwich panels subjected to a pressure differential equivalent to flying at an altitude of 10,000m. Low velocity impact testing has shown that the energy to perforate the sandwich panels is dependent on the properties of the core. It has been shown that increasing the density of the crosslinked PVC foams by a factor of two yielded a 600% increase in the perforation resistance of the sandwich structures. At higher densities, the crosslinked foam sandwich structures offered a superior perforation resistance to the linear PVC structures. The numerical analysis accurately predicted the perforation energies of the sandwich panels, as well as the prevailing failure mechanisms following impact. Finally, it has been shown that sandwich panels impacted at high altitude offer a similar perforation resistance to those tested at sea level.

Ballistic performance of quasi-isotropic CFRP laminates under low velocity impact

2021 ◽  
pp. 002199832110238
Author(s):  
Gyanesh Patnaik ◽  
Anshul Kaushik ◽  
Abhishek Rajput ◽  
Guru Prakash ◽  
R Velmurugan
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Ballistic Performance ◽  
Velocity Impact ◽  
Cfrp Laminates ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

The perforation characteristics of fiber reinforced laminates is crucial for the design of protective civil and military structures. This paper investigates the perforation characteristics (ballistic limit velocity, residual velocity, perforation energy) of cross ply and quasi-isotropic (QI) carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminates under the impact of a rigid conical steel bullet. The influence of thickness and ply orientation on these characteristics is also studied for a wide range of velocities. The perforation characteristics of these laminates were determined, numerically as well as experimentally. A numerical model is developed by using Hashin damage model to understand the behavior of laminates under high velocity impact. The accuracy of the model is assessed by comparing its prediction with experimental results of cross ply laminates. Then, impact perforation study of different possible configurations made of quasi-isotropic (QI) CFRP laminates, oriented at 0°, 90°, 45° and −45° directions are carried out with the help of validated numerical model. The perforation characteristics predicted with the help of numerical model is in good agreement with the experimental results. Optimal configuration is achieved in terms of energy absorption and damage resistance for better performance under impact loading.

Response and failure modes of biaxial warp-knitted flexible composite subject to low-velocity impact

2021 ◽  
pp. 152808372110154
Author(s):  
Ziyu Zhao ◽  
Tianming Liu ◽  
Pibo Ma
Keyword(s):  
Impact Energy ◽  
Linear Density ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Impact Response ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Minor Effect ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Velocity Impact ◽  
Flexible Composites ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, biaxial warp-knitted fabrics were produced with different high tenacity polyester linear density and inserted yarns density. The low-velocity impact property of flexible composites made of polyurethane as matrix and biaxial warp-knitted fabric as reinforcement has been investigated. The effect of impactor shape and initial impact energy on the impact response of flexible composite is tested. The results show that the initial impact energy have minor effect on the impact response of the biaxial warp-knitted flexible composites. The impact resistance of flexible composite specimen increases with the increase of high tenacity polyester linear density and inserted yarns density. The damage morphology of flexible composite materials is completely different under different impactor shapes. The findings have theoretical and practical significance for the applications of biaxial warp-knitted flexible composite.

Low Velocity Impact Resistance of CPVC Pipes Exposed to Natural Outdoor Weathering Conditions

2012 ◽  
Vol 445 ◽  
pp. 959-964
Author(s):  
Z. Khan ◽  
Necar Merah ◽  
A. Bazoune ◽  
S. Furquan
Keyword(s):  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Outdoor Exposure ◽  
Impact Testing ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Pipe Material ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Impact Energies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Impact Events ◽  
Outdoor Weathering

Low velocity drop weight impact testing of CPVC pipes was conducted on 160 mm long pipe sections obtained from 4-inch (100 mm) diameter schedule 80 pipes. Impact test were carried out for the base (as received) pipes and after their exposure to out door natural weathering conditions in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. The results of the impact testing on the natural (outdoor exposure) broadly suggest that the natural outdoor exposures produce no change in the impact resistance of CPVC pipe material for the impact events carrying low incident energies of 10 and 20J. At the impact energies of 35 and 50J the natural outdoor exposures appear to cause appreciable degradation in the impact resistance of the CPVC pipe material. This degradation is noted only for the longer exposure periods of 12 and 18 months.

Low Velocity and Compression-After-Impact Response of Pin-Reinforced Sandwich Composites

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uday K. Vaidya ◽  
Mohan V. Kamath ◽  
Mahesh V. Hosur ◽  
Anwarul Haque ◽  
Shaik Jeelani
Keyword(s):  
Impact Testing ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Sandwich Composites ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Static Compression ◽  
Velocity Impact ◽  
Transverse Stiffness ◽  
Impact Studies ◽  
Compression After Impact ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In the current work, sandwich composite structures with innovative constructions referred to as Z-pins, or truss core pins are investigated, in conjunction with traditional honeycomb and foam core sandwich constructions, such that they exhibit enhanced transverse stiffness, high damage resistance and furthermore, damage tolerance to impact. While the investigations pertaining to low velocity impact have appeared recently in Vaidya et al. 1999, the current paper deals with compression-after-impact studies conducted to evaluate the residual properties of sandwich composites “with” and “without” reinforced foam cores. The resulting sandwich composites have been investigated for their low velocity (< 5 m/sec) impact loading response using instrumented impact testing at energy levels ranging from 5 J to 50 J impact energy. The transverse stiffness of the cores and their composites has also been evaluated through static compression studies. Compression-after-impact studies were then performed on the sandwich composites with traditional and pin-reinforcement cores. Supporting vibration studies have been conducted to assess the changes in stiffness of the samples as a result of the impact damage. The focus of this paper is on the compression-after-impact (CAI) response and vibration studies with accompanying discussion pertaining to the low velocity impact.

scholarly journals Ultrasonic Analysis of Damage in CFRP Resulting from Static Indentation and Low Velocity Impact

1993 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 096369359300200
Author(s):  
H. Kaczmarek
Keyword(s):  
Impact Testing ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Ultrasonic Tomography ◽  
Transverse Impact ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Velocity Impact ◽  
Testing Procedures ◽  
Damage Initiation ◽  
Static Indentation ◽  
The Impact

In order to reduce hidden damage caused in CFRP by low velocity transverse impact, testing procedures must be established by understanding the impact phenomena and the roles of various parameters on damage initiation and growth. Hence, composite plates were stressed and an original method, “ultrasonic tomography,” was applied to detect delaminations on the interfaces. The results show the similarity of the damage growth resulting from static indentation and low velocity impact.

Impact Damage and Strength Reduction Behavior of Honeycomb Sandwich Structure Subjected to Low Velocity Impact

2006 ◽  
Vol 306-308 ◽  
pp. 279-284
Author(s):  
Ki Weon Kang ◽  
Jung Kyu Kim ◽  
Heung Seob Kim
Keyword(s):  
Sandwich Structure ◽  
Impact Damage ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Strength Reduction ◽  
Impact Testing ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Reduction Behavior ◽  
Velocity Impact ◽  
The Impact

The goals of the paper are to identify the impact damage and strength reduction behavior of sandwich structure, composed of carbon/epoxy laminates skin and Nomex core with two kinds of thickness (10 and 20mm). For these, low velocity impact tests were conducted using the instrumented impact-testing machine and damages are inspected by SAM. And then, subsequent static tests are conducted under flexural loading to identify the strength reduction behavior of the impacted sandwich structures. The impact damages are mainly delamination in carbon/epoxy skin and their behavior is mostly independent of core thickness. Also, their energy absorbing behavior is identified through calculating the energy absorbed by impact damage. Finally, the strength reduction behavior is evaluated through Caprino’s model, which was proposed on the unidirectional laminates.

Dynamic response of a size-dependent nanobeam to low velocity impact by a nanoparticle with considering atomic interaction forces

2019 ◽  
Vol 233 (18) ◽  
pp. 6640-6655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Noroozi ◽  
Majid Ghadiri ◽  
Asghar Zajkani
Keyword(s):  
Nonlocal Parameter ◽  
Impact Response ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Strain Gradient Theory ◽  
Atomic Interaction ◽  
Gradient Theory ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Velocity Impact ◽  
Size Dependent ◽  
The Impact

In the present paper, low velocity impact response of a size-dependent nanobeam in a thermal field with uniform temperature distribution has been investigated. The van-der Waals interaction force based on description of Lennard–Jonses is considered as the impact force between nanoparticle and nanobeam. According to third-order shear deformation beam theory, the governing equations are obtained using Hamilton's principle based on nonlocal strain-gradient theory. The Galerkin's method was adopted to solve the differential equations of nanobeam with simply supported and clamped boundary conditions. Afterward, the system of time-dependent equations by applying the fourth-order Runge–Kutta method is solved. The parametric study is presented to examine the effect of particle radius, initial velocity, temperature environment, the nonlocal parameter, and the length-scale parameter on the impact response of nanobeam.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document