Materials Acceptable for Gas Sensor Design: Advantages and Limitations

2018 ◽  
Vol 780 ◽  
pp. 80-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghenadii Korotcenkov ◽  
Vladimir Brinzari ◽  
M.H. Ham
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Gas Sensors ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Sensor Design ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

The comparisons of materials that can be used in gas sensors, as well as an analysis of their advantages and disadvantages for this application are carried out in this review article.

scholarly journals Advanced Micro- and Nano-Gas Sensor Technology: A Review

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haleh Nazemi ◽  
Aashish Joseph ◽  
Jaewoo Park ◽  
Arezoo Emadi
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Gas Sensors ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Sensor Arrays ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Sensor Design ◽  
Fabrication Technology ◽  
Nano Fabrication ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Gas Sensor Arrays

Micro- and nano-sensors lie at the heart of critical innovation in fields ranging from medical to environmental sciences. In recent years, there has been a significant improvement in sensor design along with the advances in micro- and nano-fabrication technology and the use of newly designed materials, leading to the development of high-performance gas sensors. Advanced micro- and nano-fabrication technology enables miniaturization of these sensors into micro-sized gas sensor arrays while maintaining the sensing performance. These capabilities facilitate the development of miniaturized integrated gas sensor arrays that enhance both sensor sensitivity and selectivity towards various analytes. In the past, several micro- and nano-gas sensors have been proposed and investigated where each type of sensor exhibits various advantages and limitations in sensing resolution, operating power, response, and recovery time. This paper presents an overview of the recent progress made in a wide range of gas-sensing technology. The sensing functionalizing materials, the advanced micro-machining fabrication methods, as well as their constraints on the sensor design, are discussed. The sensors’ working mechanisms and their structures and configurations are reviewed. Finally, the future development outlook and the potential applications made feasible by each category of the sensors are discussed.

Nanomaterial gas sensors for biosensing applications: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurmendra
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Crystalline Structure ◽  
Gas Sensors ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sensing Application ◽  
Detection Of Biomolecules ◽  
2D And 3D

Background: Nanomaterial is one of the most used materials for various gas sensing application to detect toxic gases, human breath, and other specific gas sensing. One of the most important applications of nanomaterial based gas sensors is as biosensing applications. In this review article, the gas sensors for biosensing are discussed by classifying gas sensors on the basis of crystalline structure and different categories of nanomaterial. Methods: In this paper, firstly rigorous efforts has been made to find out research questions by going through structured and systematic survey of available peer reviewed high quality articles in this field. The papers related to nanomaterial based biosensors are then reviewed qualitatively to provide substantive findings from the recent developments in this field. Results: In this review article, firstly classifications of nanomaterial gas sensors have been presented on the basis of crystalline structure of nanomaterial and different types of nanomaterial available for biosensing applications. Further, the gas sensors based on nanomaterial for biosensing applications are collected and reviewed in terms of their performance parameters such as sensing material used, target gas component, detection ranges (ppm-ppb), response time, operating temperature and method of detection etc. The different nanomaterials possess slightly different sensing and morphological properties due to their structure, therefore, it can be said that a nanomaterial must be selected carefully for particular application. The 1D nanomaterials show best selectivity and sensitivity for gases available in low concentration ranges due to their miniaturised structure as compared to 2D and 3D nanomaterials. However, these 2D and 3D nanomaterials also so good sensing properties compared to bulk semiconductor materials. The polymer and nanocomposites have opened door for future research and have great potential for new generation gas sensor for detecting biomolecules. Conclusion: These nanomaterials extend great properties towards sensing application of different gases for lower concentration of particular gas particles. Nano polymer and nano composites have great potential to be used gas sensor for detection of biomolecules.

scholarly journals Meso-/Nanoporous Semiconducting Metal Oxides for Gas Sensor Applications

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Duc Hoa ◽  
Nguyen Van Duy ◽  
Sherif A. El-Safty ◽  
Nguyen Van Hieu
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxides ◽  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Gas Sensors ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Soft Template ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Sensor Applications ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Nanoporous Metal ◽  
Semiconducting Metal Oxides

Development and/or design of new materials and/or structures for effective gas sensor applications with fast response and high sensitivity, selectivity, and stability are very important issues in the gas sensor technology. This critical review introduces our recent progress in the development of meso-/nanoporous semiconducting metal oxides and their applications to gas sensors. First, the basic concepts of resistive gas sensors and the recent synthesis of meso-/nanoporous metal oxides for gas sensor applications are introduced. The advantages of meso-/nanoporous metal oxides are also presented, taking into account the crystallinity and ordered/disordered porous structures. Second, the synthesis methods of meso-/nanoporous metal oxides including the soft-template, hard-template, and temple-free methods are introduced, in which the advantages and disadvantages of each synthetic method are figured out. Third, the applications of meso-/nanoporous metal oxides as gas sensors are presented. The gas nanosensors are designed based on meso-/nanoporous metal oxides for effective detection of toxic gases. The sensitivity, selectivity, and stability of the meso-/nanoporous gas nanosensors are also discussed. Finally, some conclusions and an outlook are presented.

Metal-oxide based ammonia gas sensors: A review

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priya Gupta ◽  
Savita Maurya ◽  
Narendra Kumar Pandey ◽  
Vernica Verma
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Metal Oxides ◽  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Gas Sensors ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Gas Sensitivity ◽  
Ammonia Gas ◽  
Ammonia Sensing ◽  
Ammonia Gas Sensors

: This review paper encompasses a study of metal-oxide and their composite based gas sensors used for the detection of ammonia (NH3) gas. Metal-oxide has come into view as an encouraging choice in the gas sensor industry. This review paper focuses on the ammonia sensing principle of the metal oxides. It also includes various approaches adopted for increasing the gas sensitivity of metal-oxide sensors. Increasing the sensitivity of the ammonia gas sensor includes size effects and doping by metal or other metal oxides which will change the microstructure and morphology of the metal oxides. Different parameters that affect the performances like sensitivity, stability, and selectivity of gas sensors are discussed in this paper. Performances of the most operated metal oxides with strengths and limitations in ammonia gas sensing application are reviewed. The challenges for the development of high sensitive and selective ammonia gas sensor are also discussed.

scholarly journals Field Study of Metal Oxide Semiconductor Gas Sensors in Temperature Cycled Operation for Selective VOC Monitoring in Indoor Air

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 647
Author(s):  
Tobias Baur ◽  
Johannes Amann ◽  
Caroline Schultealbert ◽  
Andreas Schütze
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Gas Sensors ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Quantitative Agreement ◽  
Metal Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
High Temporal Resolution

More and more metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) gas sensors with digital interfaces are entering the market for indoor air quality (IAQ) monitoring. These sensors are intended to measure volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in indoor air, an important air quality factor. However, their standard operating mode often does not make full use of their true capabilities. More sophisticated operation modes, extensive calibration and advanced data evaluation can significantly improve VOC measurements and, furthermore, achieve selective measurements of single gases or at least types of VOCs. This study provides an overview of the potential and limits of MOS gas sensors for IAQ monitoring using temperature cycled operation (TCO), calibration with randomized exposure and data-based models trained with advanced machine learning. After lab calibration, a commercial digital gas sensor with four different gas-sensitive layers was tested in the field over several weeks. In addition to monitoring normal ambient air, release tests were performed with compounds that were included in the lab calibration, but also with additional VOCs. The tests were accompanied by different analytical systems (GC-MS with Tenax sampling, mobile GC-PID and GC-RCP). The results show quantitative agreement between analytical systems and the MOS gas sensor system. The study shows that MOS sensors are highly suitable for determining the overall VOC concentrations with high temporal resolution and, with some restrictions, also for selective measurements of individual components.

High performance gas sensors with dual response based on organic ambipolar transistors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Zhou ◽  
Zi Wang ◽  
Ruxin Song ◽  
Yadan Zhang ◽  
Lunan Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Gas Sensors ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Dual Response

A high performance organic ambipolar transistor-based gas sensor was constructed. It demonstrates dual response features and good selectivity.

scholarly journals Decoration of CuO NWs Gas Sensor with ZnO NPs for Improving NO2 Sensing Characteristics

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 2103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tae-Hee Han ◽  
So-Young Bak ◽  
Sangwoo Kim ◽  
Se Hyeong Lee ◽  
Ye-Ji Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Gas Sensors ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Zno Nps ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Semiconductor Gas Sensor ◽  
Initial Resistance ◽  
P Type ◽  
Sensing Characteristics

This paper introduces a method for improving the sensitivity to NO2 gas of a p-type metal oxide semiconductor gas sensor. The gas sensor was fabricated using CuO nanowires (NWs) grown through thermal oxidation and decorated with ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) using a sol-gel method. The CuO gas sensor with a ZnO heterojunction exhibited better sensitivity to NO2 gas than the pristine CuO gas sensor. The heterojunction in CuO/ZnO gas sensors caused a decrease in the width of the hole accumulation layer (HAL) and an increase in the initial resistance. The possibility to influence the width of the HAL helped improve the NO2 sensing characteristics of the gas sensor. The growth morphology, atomic composition, and crystal structure of the gas sensors were analyzed using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction, respectively.

A review of flexible electric heating element and electric heating garments

2020 ◽  
pp. 152808372096827
Author(s):  
Shu Fang ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
Haisu Ni ◽  
Hao Liu ◽  
Li Liu
Keyword(s):  
Electric Heating ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Electrical Heating ◽  
Cold Environment ◽  
Passive Heating ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Smart Garments ◽  
Material Preparation ◽  
Electric Heating Element

Electric heating garment can improve the thermal comfort for people living and working in cold environment. Compared with passive heating materials, electrical heating shows dominant advantages on reusability, controlled temperature, safety and so on. This review article systematically introduced the material preparation, electric-thermal properties, advantages and disadvantages of the existing flexible heating elements, and elaborated the research and application progress of smart garments in detail, providing reference for the research of flexible heating elements and smart garments. And the existing challenges and the possible future perspectives were also discussed.

Measurements of Residual Stress in the Layers of Thin Film Micro-Gas Sensors

2000 ◽  
Vol 657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youngman Kim ◽  
Sung-Ho Choo
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Residual Stress ◽  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Gas Sensors ◽  
Micro Gas Sensor ◽  
Thin Film Layer ◽  
Film Layer ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Stress States

ABSTRACTThe mechanical properties of thin film materials are known to be different from those of bulk materials, which are generally overlooked in practice. The difference in mechanical properties can be misleading in the estimation of residual stress states in micro-gas sensors with multi-layer structures during manufacturing and in service.In this study the residual stress of each film layer in a micro-gas sensor was measured according to the five difference sets of film stacking structure used for the sensor. The Pt thin film layer was found to have the highest tensile residual stress, which may affect the reliability of the micro-gas sensor. For the Pt layer the changes in residual stress were measured as a function of processing variables and thermal cycling.

New Trends in Asymptotic Approaches: Summation and Interpolation Methods

2001 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor V. Andrianov ◽  
Jan Awrejcewicz
Keyword(s):  
Applied Sciences ◽  
Solid Mechanics ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Asymptotic Methods ◽  
Perturbation Series ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Local Character

In this review article, we present in some detail new trends in application of asymptotic techniques to mechanical problems. First we consider the various methods which allows for the possibility of extending the perturbation series application space and hence omiting their local character. While applying the asymptotic methods very often the following situation appears: an existence of the asymptotics ε → 0 implies an existence of the asymptotics ε → ∞ (or, in a more general sense, ε → a and ε → b). Therefore, an idea of constructing a single solution valid for a whole interval of parameter ε changes is very attractive. In other words, we discuss a problem of asymptotically equivalent function constructions possessing for ε → a and ε → b a known asymptotic behavior. The defined problems are very important from the point of view of both theoretical and applied sciences. In this work, we review the state-of-the-art, by presenting the existing methods and by pointing out their advantages and disadvantages, as well as the fields of their applications. In addition, some new methods are also proposed. The methods are demonstrated on a wide variety of static and dynamic solid mechanics problems and some others involving fluid mechanics. This review article contains 340 references.

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