The Effect of Chloride on Carbon Steel Reinforcement Corrosion

2020 ◽  
Vol 833 ◽  
pp. 238-242
Author(s):  
Abulmaali M. Taher ◽  
Ayoub Alsayd ◽  
Elsadig Abdallah
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Steel Reinforcement ◽  
Corrosion Products ◽  
Reinforcement Corrosion ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nacl Concentration ◽  
Steel Bars

In this study, the effect of chloride in marine environment on carbon steel reinforcement corrosion was investigated. The nature of corrosion products produced was analyzed through visual inspection and X Ray Diffraction (XRD). It was very difficult using gain and loss technique alone to evaluate passivation conditions and corrosion reactions. It was found that the corrosion rate of steel increases with the increasing of sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration when steel bars without concrete were used. However, a passive film was formed on all steel samples embedded in concrete due to concrete alkalinity. Results reveal that most corrosion products were mainly FeO(OH) along with FeCO3 and Fe2O3.

Effects of external confinement on steel reinforcement corrosion products monitored by X-ray microcomputer tomography

2019 ◽  
Vol 222 ◽  
pp. 531-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingwu Zhou ◽  
Bowen Zheng ◽  
Lili Sui ◽  
Feng Xing ◽  
Pengda Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steel Reinforcement ◽  
Corrosion Products ◽  
Reinforcement Corrosion ◽  
X Ray

Characterization of the Corrosion Products Formed on Carbon Steel in Qinghai Salt Lake Atmosphere

CORROSION ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 63 (7) ◽  
pp. 640-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. X. Li ◽  
Z. Y. Wang ◽  
W. Han ◽  
E. H. Han
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Salt Lake ◽  
Electrochemical Techniques ◽  
Corrosion Products ◽  
Infrared Transmission ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Cathodic Current ◽  
Free Corrosion Potential ◽  
X Ray

Abstract The corrosion products formed on carbon steel exposed to the Qinghai Salt Lake atmosphere for 12 months was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), x-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared transmission spectroscopy (IRS), and electrochemical techniques. The rust was mainly composed of akaganeite (β-FeOOH), iron hydroxychloride (Fe8[O,OH]16Cl1.3), and a little lepidocrocite (γ-FeOOH). Amorphous δ-FeOOH was only on the downward surface, and the upward surface was corroded more severely than the downward surface. Cl, Mg, and Si foreign elements were rich in the rust. The rust on carbon steel decreased anodic dissolution and increased cathodic current. A low free corrosion potential of the rusted electrode and a very small value of rust resistance (RR) demonstrated that the rust was nonprotective in the Qinghai Salt Lake atmosphere.

scholarly journals Dislocation densities in a low-carbon steel during martensite transformation determined by in situ high energy X-Ray diffraction

2021 ◽  
Vol 800 ◽  
pp. 140249
Author(s):  
Juan Macchi ◽  
Steve Gaudez ◽  
Guillaume Geandier ◽  
Julien Teixeira ◽  
Sabine Denis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Martensite Transformation ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dislocation Densities

Effect of Hot Forging and Different Cooling Rates on the Microstructure, Mechanical Properties of Carbon Steel Containing 0.8 and 1.2Al

2014 ◽  
Vol 622-623 ◽  
pp. 174-178
Author(s):  
Ahmed Ismail Zaky Farahat ◽  
Mohamed Kamal Elfawkhry
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Mechanical Testing ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Induction Furnace ◽  
Hot Forging ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Cooling Rates ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sem Microstructure

Two alloys of steel containing nominally 0.45C-1.0Si-2.0Mn-0.8Al and 1.2Al were cast in open air induction furnace. Dilatation testing was carried out to recognize the effect on Aluminum on the different critically transformation temperatures. The alloys were hot forged at 1200°C and then subjected to different cooling rates. Mechanical testing was carried out at room temperature. Optical and SEM microstructure were observed. X-ray diffraction was conducted to observe the microstructure constituents.

The transformation of corrosion products on 0Cu2Cr carbon steel in the marine

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 457-463
Author(s):  
Hongyu Liu ◽  
Yingxue Teng ◽  
Jing Guo ◽  
Qinghe Xiao ◽  
Miao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometer ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Corrosion Products ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Transformation Mechanism ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Marine Engineering

Purpose This paper aims to explore the transformation process and transformation mechanism of carbon steel under the marine environment. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, the transformation and rust layers corrosion products on 0Cu2Cr carbon steel with different cycles coupon test was investigated and deeply explored by scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectrometer, X-ray diffraction. Findings The results showed that the thickness of rust layers grew from 71.83 µm to 533.7 µm with increasing duration of corrosion. The initial corrosion product was γ-FeOOH, then part of the γ-FeOOH continued growing, and under the capillary action, the other part of the γ-FeOOH transformed to α-FeOOH. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper puts forward for the first time a new viewpoint of the development of corrosion products of low-carbon steel in two ways. This discovery provides a new idea for the future development of steel for marine engineering.

Influence of Iron Bacteria on the Corrosion Behavior of Carbon Steel: SEM Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Hamzah ◽  
C. L. Khohr ◽  
Ahmad Abdolahi ◽  
Z. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Iron Hydroxides ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Iron Bacteria ◽  
Microbially Influenced Corrosion ◽  
Sem Study

In this work, the iron bacteria were cultured and inoculated into the cooling water before immersion, and low carbon steel coupons were immersed for one month. Then, microbially influenced corrosion (MIC) of carbon steel in the presence of these bacteria was investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD) and weight loss methods. SEM results showed that large amounts of corrosion products and heterogeneous biofilm layer were formed on the coupon surface. SEM also revealed the uniform-pitting corrosion on the steel surface due to bacteria colonization. XRD results show that the main constituents present in corrosion product are composed of iron oxides and iron hydroxides. 

Corrosion Behavior of Q235A Steel under Wet-Dry Cyclic Condition

2012 ◽  
Vol 557-559 ◽  
pp. 139-142
Author(s):  
Jian Guo Liu ◽  
Yan Tao Li ◽  
Bao Rong Hou
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Corrosion Products ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Cathodic Process ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Reduction Processes ◽  
Cyclic Condition ◽  
Scanning Electron

The corrosion processes and mechanisms of Q235A steel under wet-dry cyclic condition were studied using polarization curve compared with immersion samples, while, the corrosion morphologies and corrosion products of the steel samples were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The cathodic process of wet-dry samples was likely to be controlled not by the oxygen reduction, but rather by the reduction of corrosion products. During the drying process of the wet-dry sample, the electrolyte thickness decreased and chloride concentration increased. Oxygen would be much easier to diffuse into the interface of electrolyte/metal, which improved the cathodic reduction processes. Except for this, the rust itself took part in the reduction processes and hence increased the corrosion rate of the steel samples.

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