Sustainable Local Materials: A Study of Adobe Bricks in Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 1047 ◽  
pp. 163-173
Author(s):  
Heba Azouqah ◽  
Noura Alomar ◽  
L. Kaadan ◽  
M. Sonbul ◽  
H. Abdulaziz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Best Response ◽  
Vision 2030 ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Desert Climate ◽  
Local Materials

The importance of local building materials has long been a significant point in all communities for thousands of years. It is well established that local materials form the backbone of construction in societies as they are the best response to the region's climate conditions. This study aims to determine the advantages and disadvantages of utilizing local materials in building construction. Specifically, it focuses on analyzing adobe bricks and examines whether it is suitable for the modern times. Saudi Arabia, a country that extensively relied on petroleum to flourish, is re-establishing itself by introducing the Saudi Vision 2030, a call of action to rely on available sustainable assets to develop the country. In this context, this research intends to demonstrate how promoting local materials' usage in construction would correspond with the vision's aims. This paper attempts to raise awareness about the local alternatives available and encourage utilizing them rather than the conventional building materials widely used, which are often not entirely suitable for Saudi Arabia's harsh desert climate. To further support this research, historical research proved that buildings built with local materials had withstood the test of time. This paper explores adobe as a case study because it is a unique building material in its style and sustainability. The intensive research results revealed that adobe bricks are a versatile material that gives different characteristics depending on the mixture of materials used to make them. On this basis, this paper examines the advantages and disadvantages of adobe bricks while proposing potential solutions to overcome the drawbacks.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigations of Solatube Daylighting System for Smart City Applications in Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-23
Author(s):  
Ali Alzaed ◽  
Ashraf Balabel
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Test Chamber ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Medium Density Fibreboard ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Industrial Buildings ◽  
Vision 2030

The smart cities programme is at the core of Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030. The development of smart cities is based on adapting innovative technologies and solutions to meet local needs and possibilities in order to reduce both cost and energy resources consumption. In smart cities, more than 40% of electrical energy consumption should be saved. One of the most important electrical energy saving techniques is the application of the Solatube daylight system in sustainable buildings. In the present paper, an experimental investigation into the Solatube daylight system is performed according to the local climate conditions of Taif city, Saudi Arabia. A test chamber was designed with dimensions of 1 m3, made from medium density fibreboard. The model of Solatube used in the present research is Solatube 160 DS, 10” in diameter and with a length up to 30’. The HS1010-LCD digital light meter is used for measuring light intensity. A comparison of illumination obtained from the Solatube with that obtained from artificial bulbs of standard ratings was made at two different vertical distances inside the test chamber (z = 0.8 m, z = 1.0 m). The results showed that the Solatube, at both vertical distances, gave a better illuminance than standard artificial bulbs. Moreover, the results indicated that the Solatube daylight system converted about 60% of sunlight to passive light inside the test chamber. Generally, it is concluded that the Solatube daylight system can be efficiently used in residential, commercial, or industrial buildings in smart cities according to the available solar characteristics.

scholarly journals Globalization’s Impact on the Usages of Imported and Local Building Materials in Jordan

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 971-975
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Noticeable Increase ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Local Materials

The process of choosing building materials is an essential part of the design process. Whenever architects and interior designers start to think about a project, one of the first things they consider is the materials that will be used in the production of the project. There is little research exploring the impact of globalization on the level of using imported and local building materials in Jordan. Therefore, it is necessary to examine the impact of globalization on the level of using imported and local building materials in Jordan and explore the impact of using imported building materials on the level of using local building materials in Jordan. For the purpose of this study, data gathered about the usage of imported building materials in Jordan and analyzed to observe any drops of rises of using specific building materials. Also, this data was used to understand the most common imported building materials used. This study requires a total understanding of the relationship between globalization and building materials and their impact on the economy and the usage of imported and local building materials. comprehension of this relationship will make it possible to find solutions to integrate the use of imported building materials and local materials. Globalization impact can be observed in other sectors in Jordan. The building materials market is being affected by the phenomenon of globalization. It was found that there is a noticeable increase in imported building materials or raw materials that are needed to manufacture building materials. If the attitude toward the usage of local building materials in Jordan keep decreases and relying on imported building materials in the construction section, there will be a recession in the local building materials in Jordan. Having this recession will have a greater impact on the building materials and local factories in the long term.

Analysis of Different Building Materials Used in Heritage Protected Areas in North China

2013 ◽  
Vol 357-360 ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
Xiao Yu Zhang ◽  
Yong Qing Sun ◽  
Xu Lan ◽  
Jian Ming Bai
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Industrial Production ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
North China ◽  
Chinese Law ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Chinese Characteristics ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Modern Building

This paper first reviews the definition of protected areas under Chinese law, and it pays attention to problems of using four types of building materials in protected areas: traditional building materials produced by old craftsmanship, traditional components collected from the torn down old buildings, antique-style building materials made from industrial production and well-designed modern building materials with Chinese characteristics. By elaborating on the four different selections of building materials, it analyses the advantages and disadvantages of each selection.

scholarly journals COUNTRY HOUSE IN STYLE GLASS FACHWERK

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-124
Author(s):  
G. I Zubareva
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Solar Ultraviolet Radiation ◽  
Country House ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Country Houses ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Definition Of

The urgency of the design and construction of country houses in the style of fachwerk is noted. The definition of fachwerk is given. The system of criteria characterizing the fachwerk is listed: the presence of a frame with braces and enclosing filling with various materials: clay, ceramic brick, natural stone. It is noted that glass is one of the most popular materials used in construction, including individual houses. The concept of glass fachwerk as a frame with glazing elements is defined. It is noted that with the advent of new building materials and tools, the construction of country houses using the glass fachwerk technology underwent many changes that affected virtually all the elements of the house's construction: foundation, frame, joint system, roof, roof and glass. The modern technology for the construction of glass fachwerk is described. The requirements for double-glazed windows fachwerk are discussed: high strength, increased sound and heat insulation, protection from solar ultraviolet radiation. A wide range of double-glazed windows satisfying these requirements is given: sun-reflecting, energy-saving, multifunctional and safe (triplex) glasses. The advantages and disadvantages of suburban half-timbered glass houses are discussed. It is shown that the individuality of a glass-fachwerk country house is achieved by the variability of its glazing: frame, frameless, and also depending on the percentage of glazing at home. The conclusion is made about the prospects of country houses in the style of glass half-timbered for the regions of Russia, taking into account the use of new building materials.

scholarly journals PENERAPAN GREEN MATERIAL DALAM MEWUJUDKAN KONSEP GREEN BUILDING PADA BANGUNAN KAFE

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Agung Prabowo Sulistiawan ◽  
Arif Abdur Rahman ◽  
Gildan Kantona Hamdani ◽  
Gieztha Saniy Faisal ◽  
Arie Ilham Agustian
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Green Material ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Ozone Depleting Substances

The development of buildings is one of the largest contributors to global warming. This regard has seen in the use of building materials derived from non-renewable natural resources and the use of Ozone Depleting Substances (ODS). Therefore, it needs the regulation regarding the use of materials in buildings that lead to environmental sustainability and tailored to the stages of building material procurement. This regulation can lead to the criteria of a green building. Hence, this study focuses more on Green Material Standards on a building according to Green Building Council Indonesia (GBCI) and the application of Green Material aspects in the case study of Aruna Dine and Coffee. The purposes of this study are to determine (1) Types of building materials used in Aruna Dine and Coffee Cafe in terms of environmentally friendly materials. (2) The types of building materials used in Aruna Dine and Coffee are in accordance with environmentally friendly materials standards. (3). Advantages and disadvantages of building materials used in the cafe Aruna Dine and Coffee. (4). What are the impacts of using building materials that used in Aruna Dine and Coffee Cafe. The methodology used in this study is qualitative descriptive methods by comparing the Green Material criteria derived from the Government's policy role as well as the role of Green Building Council Indonesia (GBCI), which based on the procurement cycle of building materials. Firstly, the stage of research is selecting the object of study. Secondly, the method of data collection is in the form of observation, discussion, interview, and documentation. Thirdly, conduct data analysis using qualitative descriptive method. In this research focused on several aspects related to the aspect / category of Source & Material Cycle (MRC), in Greenship 2013 version 1.2. The result of analysis can conclude that Aruna Dine and Coffe get 5 points from 7 points of Material & Cycle Criterion (MRC), so that this building categorized in Green Building in term of green material. The results show that the concept of Green Building needed to reduce the environmental impact that can affect global warming. This study expected to be a scientific reference in designing green buildings with attention to concepts that can make the bad impact to environment. Keywords: Green Building, Green Material, Aruna Dine and Coffee Cafe. AbstrakPerkembangan bangunan merupakan salah satu sektor penyumbang terbesar terjadinya pemanasan global. Hal ini terlihat pada penggunaan material bangunan yang berasal dari sumber daya alam yang tak terbaharukan serta penggunaan Bahan Perusak Ozon (BPO). Untuk itu, diperlukan aturan yang jelas mengenai penggunaan material pada bangunan yang mengarahkan pada keberlanjutan lingkungan dan disesuaikan dengan tahapan pengadaan bangunan. Aturan ini kemudian dapat mengarah pada kriteria bangunan hijau/Green Building. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini lebih memfokuskan pada standar Green Material pada sebuah bangunan menurut Green Building Council Indonesia (GBCI) dan penerapan aspek Green Material pada bangunan studi kasus Aruna Dine and Coffee.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui (1). Jenis-jenis material bangunan yang digunakan pada Kafe Aruna Dine and Coffee ditinjau dari segi material ramah lingkungan. (2). Jenis  material-material bangunan yang digunakan pada kafe Aruna Dine and Coffee yang sudah sesuai standar material ramah lingkungan. (3). Kelebihan dan kekurangan material-material bangunan yang digunakan pada kafe Aruna Dine and Coffee. (4). Apa saja dampak penggunaan material-material bangunan yang digunakan pada kafe Aruna Dine and Coffee. Metodologi yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah deskriptiif kualitatif dengan cara membandingkan kriteria Green Material yang berasal dari peran kebijakan Pemerintah serta peran Green Building Council Indonesia (GBCI) yang didasarkan pada siklus pengadaan material bangunan. Pertama, tahapan penelitiannya adalah pemilihan objek studi. Kedua, metode pengambilan data dengan cara observasi, diskusi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Ketiga, analisis data dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Dalam penelitian ini difokuskan pada beberapa hal yang berkaitan dengan aspek/kategori Sumber & Siklus Material (MRC), dalam Greenship 2013 versi 1.2. Dari hasil analisa yang dilakukan diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa Kafe Aruna Dine and Coffe mendapatkan 5 poin dari 7 poin kriteria Sumber & Siklus Material (Material Resources & Cycle/MRC), sehingga bangunan tersebut dapat dikategorikan kedalam bangunan Green Building bila ditinjau dari segi materialnya.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa konsep Green Building sangat diperlukan untuk mengurangi dampak lingkungan yang dapat berpengaruh terhadap pemanasan global. Kajian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi rujukan ilmiah dalam mendesain bangunan hijau  dengan  memperhatikan konsep yang tidak berdampak buruk bagi lingkungan.Kata Kunci : Green Building, Green Material, Kafe Aruna Dine and Coffe.

TRADITIONAL OUTBUILDINGS OF THE MORDOVIANS

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena N. Mokshina ◽  
Mihail I. Svyatkin
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Main Building ◽  
Genetic Problem ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Functional Purpose

Introduction. The article deals with the main traditional outbuildings of the Mordvinians, reported on their functional purpose in economic activity. The forms and types of outbuildings, as well as the main building materials used by Mordvinians are described in details. Their significance in the religious and ceremonial life of the ethnic group is shown. Materials and Methods. The research is based on traditional methods of ethnographic science, such as field observation, survey and interviews, and a comprehensive approach. Among the methods of historical science comparative-historical, historical-genetic, problem-chronological, structural-system were used. Among the general scientific methods of research logical, descriptive, narrative, generalization, classification and systematization were involved. To achieve the results of the study, the materials collected by the authors in the course of field surveys conducted in the Mordovian villages were mainly used. Results and Discussion. Traditional outbuildings were of great importance in the economic activity of the Mordovian ethnic group. According to their functional purpose, they can be divided into the following groups: for livestock and poultry (stable, chicken coop, stable, kalda), sanitary and hygienic (bath), warehouse buildings for storage of food, utensils, firewood, animal feed (barn, cellar, woodshed, hayloft), for processing of grain (sheep, riga, mill). Depending on the welfare and financial capacity of the family, the number of outbuildings was different. As a rule, the wealthier families had more outbuildings than the less wealthier ones. The main building material for the construction of these buildings was wood. Conclusion. Thus, the traditional outbuildings of the Mordvinians occupied an important place in its economic activities. At the same time, each of them had its own purpose and performed certain functions. Some buildings, such as a bath and a barn, had not only economic purpose, but also were the venue for a number of prayers and ceremonies. It is now ordinarily they have banya (bath-house), outdoor courtyard with standing in different places sheds, barn and cellar.

Evaluating the readiness of mobile technology in Saudi Arabia: An Integrative Perspective with respect to e-health (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahad Alanezi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Health System ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Apps ◽  
History Of ◽  
Vision 2030 ◽  
Awareness Programs

UNSTRUCTURED E-health system is emerging and providing health services and solutions through different electronic gadgets. Saudi Arabia has launched a program called Saudi Arabia vision 2030, in which providing state-of-the-art health facilities to their citizen is of topmost priority. After all the efforts, the residents of Saudi Arabia are still reluctant for the adaptation of e-health system. The current study was conducted to evaluate the obstacle in adoption of the e-health system through the mobile phones. The current study was cross-sectional survey and was conducted by developing a self-administered structured questionnaire asking the utilization of mobile phone in state of health emergency prior to ask any medical history. Majority of the participants was married and doing jobs in different firms and have their personal mobile phones (p = 0.100, > 0.05) which indicates easily access to the e-health apps. The majority of the participants suffers from either obesity or high blood pressure (p = 0.018, < 0.05) regardless of either history of mental disorder or other family history of mental diseases. The pattern of diseases with mental disorders correlate well with adoption of e-health in government policies. The obstacles in adopting e-health includes fear of the loss of personal data and information (p = 0.0401, < 0.05). Moreover, they did not trust on online medications as the doctor cannot prescribe medicines without seeing physical health of the patient. The current study concluded that by making improvement in policies and proper commercializing the e-health apps together with awareness programs can boast the adoption of e-health in Saudi Arabia.

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