Heat Treatment as an Alternative to Brass Warping

2014 ◽  
Vol 775-776 ◽  
pp. 151-155
Author(s):  
M.M. Wilborn ◽  
Matias Angelis Korb ◽  
G.A. Ludwig ◽  
L.T. Fhur ◽  
C.F. Malfatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Rolling Process ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Dimensional Variation ◽  
Brass Alloys

This paper proposes the reduction of warping after the machining of alloys of brass with lead. For this purpose the brass alloys were submitted to heat treatment and analyzed before and after the machining process. Elongation and dimensional variation, microstructure and chemical microanalysis of the samples were assessed. It was found that warping may be related to the chemical composition of the alloy, added to the rolling process used to obtain the material to be machined. The results showed that heat treatment before the machining process eliminates the warping seen in the workpieces.

Use of Homogenizing Annealing for Formation of the Structure and Properties of Cast Blanks Produced from the Alloys Obtained by Aluminothermy

2020 ◽  
Vol 839 ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
Artem V. Popov ◽  
Oleg N. Komarov ◽  
Sergey G. Zhilin ◽  
Valery V. Predein
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Refractory Materials ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Homogenizing Annealing ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Diagram Analysis

This paperwork presents the results of a series of experiments on the use of homogenizing annealing, aimed at the possibility to control the structure and properties of steel samples obtained by aluminothermy. This method of processing, in some cases, allows to eliminate the need to use subsequent heat treatment operations due to the achievement of the required properties by the cast blank material. Refractory materials and thermite mixtures used, conditions for the production of castings and their total chemical composition are given. The tensile diagram analysis of the samples before and after heat treatment is presented; the structures and diffraction patterns of the samples’ destruction spots are considered. The material obtained by aluminothermy corresponds in its chemical composition to A1, A2, A3, A4 grade of steels for the rail transport according to GOST 31334-2007 which are used in the manufacture of locomotive axes and other rolling stock.

Improvement for Microstructure of Severely Deformed JIS S45C Steel after Rolling Process

2019 ◽  
Vol 889 ◽  
pp. 148-154
Author(s):  
Vinh Phoi Nguyen ◽  
Nhut Phi Long Nguyen ◽  
Thien Ngon Dang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Crystallization Process ◽  
Rolling Direction ◽  
Rolling Process ◽  
Annealing Process ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Rolled Steel ◽  
Treatment Procedure ◽  
The Common ◽  
Heat Treatment Procedure

A new heat treatment procedure is proposed to remove the strong texture microstructure of JIS type G4051 S45C rolled steel, thus making ease for further machining process and hardening to obtain higher hardness and grain homogeneousness over the common heat treatment procedure. This procedure includes annealing and normalising process and is applied for f14x20 mm samples. By annealing process at approximate 840 to 880°C for 2 to 6 hours, the strong texture has been improved by about 30-40% in comparison to the conventional crystallization process. By normalising process at 880°C and 920°C for 15 minutes, the strong texture has almost treated. The grain size along the rolling direction (RD) and traverse direction (TD) are in the range of 15 to 50 μm.

scholarly journals STUDY ON THE POSSIBILITY OF DOPING OF POWDER COMPOSITIONS FROM TUNGSTEN AND NICKEL BORIDE OBTAINED BY EXPLOSIVE PRESSING

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
S. Pisarev ◽  
A. Bogdanov ◽  
V. Arisova ◽  
V. Kharlamov
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Austenitic Steel ◽  
Nickel Powder ◽  
Nickel Boride ◽  
Powder Composition ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Tungsten Boride ◽  
Explosive Pressing

The chemical composition of the phases obtained by explosive pressing in steel ampoules of tungsten boron and nickel powder compositions before and after heat treatment was studied. It has been established that it is possible by means of heat treatment at 1200 С to alloy with the material of the ampoule from austenitic steel 12Cr18Ni10Ti powder composition pressed by explosion, containing 50% tungsten boride.

Soft annealing technology applied to high chromium white cast iron

2021 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
Minh Nguyen Ngoc ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
White Cast Iron ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
High Wear Resistance ◽  
Primary Carbide ◽  
Hardness Tester ◽  
Before And After

High Cr white cast iron is an alloy widely used in the field of manufacturing parts working in conditions of high wear resistance. However, the machining process for this alloy is often difficult due to its high hardness. Therefore, the objective of this study is to find out the appropriate parameters of heat treatment process to be able for softening of high Cr white cast iron with a lower hardness, ensuring the cutting process. In this study, the samples were austenitized partially and soft annealed in a resistance furnace. Optical microscope, X-ray diffractometer and field emission scanning electron microscope were used to observe and evaluate the microstructure of samples before and after heat treatment. The Rockwell hardness tester (RHT) is also used to evaluate hardness variation of samples. Research results have shown that the change of primary carbide grain size and formation of secondary carbides during heat treatment can reduce the hardness of white cast iron to the suitable range for machining.

Deformation Replication

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 280-281
Author(s):  
J. Temple Black
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Rake Face ◽  
Orthogonal Machining ◽  
Aluminum Chips ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Glass Knife ◽  
Very High

Tool materials used in ultramicrotomy are glass, developed by Latta and Hartmann (1) and diamond, introduced by Fernandez-Moran (2). While diamonds produce more good sections per knife edge than glass, they are expensive; require careful mounting and handling; and are time consuming to clean before and after usage, purchase from vendors (3-6 months waiting time), and regrind. Glass offers an easily accessible, inexpensive material ($0.04 per knife) with very high compressive strength (3) that can be employed in microtomy of metals (4) as well as biological materials. When the orthogonal machining process is being studied, glass offers additional advantages. Sections of metal or plastic can be dried down on the rake face, coated with Au-Pd, and examined directly in the SEM with no additional handling (5). Figure 1 shows aluminum chips microtomed with a 75° glass knife at a cutting speed of 1 mm/sec with a depth of cut of 1000 Å lying on the rake face of the knife.

The Precipitation of Si in AlCuSi Thin Films

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 34-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Copper Film ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Silicon Thin Films ◽  
Before And After

Aluminum-copper-silicon thin films have been considered as an interconnection metallurgy for integrated circuit applications. Various schemes have been proposed to incorporate small percent-ages of silicon into films that typically contain two to five percent copper. We undertook a study of the total effect of silicon on the aluminum copper film as revealed by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction and ion microprobe techniques as a function of the various deposition methods.X-ray investigations noted a change in solid solution concentration as a function of Si content before and after heat-treatment. The amount of solid solution in the Al increased with heat-treatment for films with ≥2% silicon and decreased for films <2% silicon.

Study of fine structure of cold-deformed steel 20 before and after prerecrystallization heat treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 0 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleksandr M. Dubovyi ◽  
Oleksandr V. Chechel ◽  
Oleksandr O. Zhdanov
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Steel 20

Influence of the Zinc Sublayer Method Production and Heat Treatment on the Microhardness of the Composite Ni-Al2O3 Coating Deposited on the 5754 Aluminium Alloy

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 355-358
Author(s):  
M. Karaś ◽  
M. Nowak ◽  
M. Opyrchał ◽  
M. Bigaj ◽  
A. Najder
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Thermal Shock ◽  
Nickel Coating ◽  
Nickel Sulphate ◽  
Al2o3 Coating ◽  
Nickel Coatings ◽  
Watts Bath ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Zinc Interlayer

Abstract In this study, the effect of zinc interlayer on the adhesion of nickel coatings reinforced with micrometric Al2O3 particles was examined. Nickel coating was applied by electroplating on EN AW - 5754 aluminium alloy using Watts bath at a concentration of 150 g/l of nickel sulphate with the addition of 50 g/l of Al2O3. The influence of zinc intermediate coating deposited in single, double and triple layers on the adhesion of nickel coating to aluminium substrate was also studied. The adhesion was measured by the thermal shock technique in accordance with PN-EN ISO 2819. The microhardness of nickel coating before and after heat treatment was additionally tested. It was observed that the number of zinc interlayers applied does not significantly affect the adhesion of nickel which is determined by thermal shock. No defect that occurs after the test, such as delamination, blistering or peeling of the coating was registered. Microhardness of the nickel coatings depends on the heat treatment and the amount of zinc in the interlayer. For both single and double zinc interlayer, the microhardness of the nickel coating containing Al2O3 particles increased after heat treatment, but decreased when a triple zinc interlayer was applied.

BÖHLER W403 VMR

Alloy Digest ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tool Steel ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Diffusion Annealing ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Böhler (or Boehler) W403 VMR is a tool steel with outstanding properties, based not only on a modified chemical composition, but on the selection of highly clean raw materials for melting, remelting under vacuum (VMF), optimized diffusion annealing, and a special heat treatment. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, and elasticity. It also includes information on forming and heat treating. Filing Code: TS-721. Producer or source: Böhler Edelstahl GmbH.

scholarly journals The Interface Zone of Explosively Welded Titanium/Steel after Short-Term Heat Treatment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Szmul ◽  
Katarzyna Stan-Glowinska ◽  
Marta Janusz-Skuza ◽  
Agnieszka Bigos ◽  
Andrzej Chudzio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Intermetallic Phase ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Carbon Diffusion ◽  
Sharp Interface ◽  
High Plasticity ◽  
Interface Zone ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Wavy Interface ◽  
The Waves

AbstractThis work presents a detailed description of a bonding zone of explosively welded Ti/steel clads subjected to stress relief annealing, applied in order to improve the plasticity of the final product. The typical joint formed by the welding process possesses a characteristic wavy interface with melted regions observed mainly at the crest regions of waves. The interface of Ti/steel clads before and after annealing was previously investigated mostly in respect to the melted regions. Here, a sharp interface between the waves was analyzed in detail. The obtained results indicate that the microstructure of a transition zone of that area is different along the width. After the heat treatment at 600 °C for 1.5 hours, titanium carbide (TiC) together with α-Fe phase forms at the interface in local areas of relatively wide interlayer (~ 1 µm), while for most of the sharp interface, a much thinner zone up to about 400 nm, formed by four sublayers containing intermetallic phase and carbides, is present. This confirms that carbon diffusion induced by applied heat treatment significantly influences the final microstructure of the Ti/steel interface zone. Side bending tests confirmed high plasticity of welds after applied heat treatment; however, the microhardness measurements indicated that the strengthening of the steel in the vicinity of the interface had not been removed completely.

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