Boron Effect on Hardenability of High Thickness Forged Steel Materials

2016 ◽  
Vol 879 ◽  
pp. 1282-1287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Mengaroni ◽  
Paolo Emilio di Nunzio ◽  
Stefano Neri ◽  
Massimo Calderini ◽  
Claudio Braccesi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Vacuum Induction Melting ◽  
Induction Melting ◽  
Boron Addition ◽  
Hot Rolled ◽  
Industrial Demand

To fulfill the industrial demand of forged steels with high mechanical and microstructural requirements coupled with reduced cost, the possibility to decrease the content of Mo and other elements has been evaluated. In order to do that, the effect of boron addition (up to 30 ppm) on the steel hardenability has been investigated on two steels with different chemical composition at laboratory scale. In particular, the steel chemical composition has been designed in order to make effective the B addition in terms of hardenability. Two 80 kg ingots cast by a vacuum induction melting plant have been hot rolled by a pilot mill. The effect of B addition on hardenability has been evaluated and compared to that of steel for same application but without B. Results show an improvement of hardenability if 30 ppm B are added even if a Mo reduction is performed.

scholarly journals Metallurgical Preparation of Nb–Al and W–Al Intermetallic Compounds and Characterization of Their Microstructure and Phase Transformations by DTA Technique

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 2001
Author(s):  
Tomas Cegan ◽  
Daniel Petlak ◽  
Katerina Skotnicova ◽  
Jan Jurica ◽  
Bedrich Smetana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Intermetallic Compounds ◽  
Intermetallic Phase ◽  
Intermetallic Phases ◽  
Al Alloys ◽  
Vacuum Induction Melting ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Induction Melting ◽  
Arc Melting

The possibilities of metallurgical preparation of 40Nb-60Al and 15W-85Al intermetallic compounds (in at.%) by plasma arc melting (PAM) and vacuum induction melting (VIM) were studied. Both methods allow easy preparation of Nb–Al alloys; however, significant evaporation of Al was observed during the melting, which affected the resulting chemical composition. The preparation of W–Al alloys was more problematic because there was no complete re-melting of W during PAM and VIM. However, the combination of PAM and VIM allowed the preparation of W–Al alloy without any non-melted parts. The microstructure of Nb–Al alloys consisted of Nb2Al and NbAl3 intermetallic phases, and W–Al alloys consisted mainly of needle-like WAl4 intermetallic phase and Al matrix. The effects of melting conditions on chemical composition, homogeneity, and microstructure were determined. Differential thermal analysis was used to determine melting and phase transformation temperatures of the prepared alloys.

The Segregation of Chemical Composition in NiTi Shape Memory Alloy Melted by VIM in Lime Crucible

2009 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 1315-1318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Shan Yuan ◽  
Zhao Wei Feng ◽  
Jiang Bo Wang ◽  
Wei Dong Miao ◽  
Chong Jian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Vacuum Induction Melting ◽  
Niti Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Induction Melting ◽  
Ingot Metallurgy ◽  
Chemical Homogeneity ◽  
Section Area

Binary NiTi shape memory alloy cast ingots with large scale size are produced by using vacuum induction melting (VIM) in lime crucible, the oxygen and carbon contents are less than 500ppm. Usually, oxygen was introduced into the melts by the dissolution of lime during melting, resulting in higher content of oxygen over 500ppm. VAR + VIM ingot metallurgy is prone to produce materials with a good chemical homogeneity. However, it is difficult for one single melting of NiTi by VIM in the lime crucible. So in the present paper, the segregation of chemical composition and the consistency of transformation temperature in NiTi alloys in as-casted condition along the cross-section area on edge and center, in homogeneization-treated condition, and in as-forged condition along the longitudinal-section area on head and tail, are measured and analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), OM, SEM, and XRD, to indicate the chemical homogeneity in microscopic and macroscopic scale.

The Influence of the Re-Melting Times on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties for Revert Alloy K452

2013 ◽  
Vol 747-748 ◽  
pp. 715-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Yuan ◽  
Jian Ting Guo ◽  
Chang Jiang Liu ◽  
Jie Shan Hou ◽  
Gu Song Li
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Ceramic Foam ◽  
Gas Content ◽  
Vacuum Induction Melting ◽  
Induction Melting ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Key Factor

The influence of the re-melting times on chemical composition, microstructure, and mechanical properties of revert alloy K452 were systemically investigated. It was shown that the key factor in the engineering application was the control of gas content and porosities level in revert alloy. By an advancing technology in combination with the superheat treatment, adding a small amount of alloying elements such as C, Al, Ti, and using ceramic foam filters during vacuum induction melting, the composition and mechanical properties of the revert alloy in addition of 50% scrap were similar to that in the virgin alloy, which has successfully been used in applications for nozzle vanes of some new gas turbines.

The Effects of Carbon Content on the Microstructure and 650°C Tensile Properties of Incoloy 901 Superalloy

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Dodangeh ◽  
F. Shahri ◽  
S. M. Abbasi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Content ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Vacuum Induction Melting ◽  
Induction Melting ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Slag Refining ◽  
Type Carbide ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Hot Rolled

AbstractThe microstructure and tensile properties of Incoloy 901 superalloy with various contents of carbon (0.02–0.09 wt%) were studied and a proper amount of carbon was determined to achieve good tensile properties at 650°C. The alloys were produced by vacuum induction melting and electro-slag refining (VIM+ESR) process and then they were hot rolled. After heat treatment, microstructures and 650°C tensile properties of specimens were investigated. Phase analysis with X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicated that Incoloy 901 contained Metallic carbides (MC)-type carbide enriched with Ti and Mo. With increasing carbon content from 0.02 to 0.09 wt%, carbide area fraction increased from 0.73% to 1.2%. Also, increasing of carbon content gave rise to higher amounts of carbide sizes. Using XRD patterns, the lattice parameters of

The Effect of Hot Rolling on Room Temperature Ductility of a NiAl Intermetallic Compound

2006 ◽  
Vol 509 ◽  
pp. 69-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Garcia-Galan ◽  
Gerardo Aramburo-Perez ◽  
Carlos González-Rivera ◽  
R. Herrera ◽  
J.A. Juárez-Islas
Keyword(s):  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Vacuum Induction Melting ◽  
Induction Melting ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Room Temperature Ductility ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Effect Of Hot Rolling ◽  
Hot Rolled

A Ni57Fe18Al25 alloy is produced by vacuum induction melting under an argon atmosphere and gravity cast into a copper chill mould. Ingots of 2 x 10 x 50 mm are re-heated at 1100 °C for 24 hours and hot rolled until a 25 % reduction is reached. Immediately, hot rolled plates are heat treated at 1100 °C for 1 hour and water cooled to room temperature. Microstructures of as cast, hot rolled and hot rolled plus heat treated specimens are characterized using scanning and transmission electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction. Specimens in the as-cast and hot rolled conditions show the presence of equiaxial and partially elongated β-grains, respectively, with the presence of a thin γ-phase decorating the grain boundaries. Hot rolled plus heat treated specimens have partially recrystallized β-grains with γ-phase and (Ni,Fe)3Al at the grain boundaries. The hot rolled specimens have a room temperature ductility of approximately 5 % in tensile testing. This enhancement in ductility is attributed to the modification of the β-grains by coexistence with a γ- phase along the grain boundaries.

Enhancing High-Temperature Creep Resistance of In Situ TiAl-Based Matrix Composite by Low Volume Fraction of Ti2AlC Particles

2021 ◽  
Vol 1016 ◽  
pp. 792-797
Author(s):  
Juraj Lapin ◽  
Kateryna Kamyshnykova
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Applied Stress ◽  
Creep Resistance ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Vacuum Induction Melting ◽  
Induction Melting ◽  
In Situ Composite ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
Fully Lamellar

Samples of TiAl-based matrix in-situ composite with the chemical composition Ti-46.4Al-5.1Nb-1C-0.2B (at.%) reinforced with a low volume fraction of primary Ti2AlC particles were prepared by vacuum induction melting in graphite crucibles and centrifugal casting into graphite moulds. The hot isostatic pressing (HIP) of the as-cast samples and subsequent heat treatments leads to the formation of equiaxed grains with fully lamellar α2(Ti3Al) + γ (TiAl) microstructure and uniformly distributed Ti2AlC and TiB particles. The minimum creep rates of the in-situ composite are significantly lower compared to those measured for the counterpart low carbon benchmark alloy with the chemical composition Ti-47Al-5.2Nb-0.2C-0.2B (at.%) at temperatures ranging from 800 to 900 °C and applied stress of 200 MPa. The studied in-situ composite shows also significantly improved creep resistance compared to that of some TiAl-based alloys with fully lamellar, convoluted and pseudo-duplex microstructures at a temperature of 800 °C and applied stress of 200 MPa.

Microstructure in soft magnetic E3 (S1, Al) (Sendust) alloys

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 770-771
Author(s):  
June D. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Ternary Phase Diagram ◽  
Vertical Tube ◽  
Vacuum Induction Melting ◽  
Induction Melting ◽  
Soft Magnetic ◽  
Quenching Temperature ◽  
Thin Foils ◽  
Vertical Tube Furnace

Iron-base alloys containing 8-11 wt.% Si, 4-8 wt.% Al, known as “Sendust” alloys, show excellent soft magnetic properties. These magnetic properties are strongly dependent on heat treatment conditions, especially on the quenching temperature following annealing. But little has been known about the microstructure and the Fe-Si-Al ternary phase diagram has not been established. In the present investigation, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has been used to study the microstructure in a Sendust alloy as a function of temperature.An Fe-9.34 wt.% Si-5.34 wt.% Al (approximately Fe3Si0.6Al0.4) alloy was prepared by vacuum induction melting, and homogenized at 1,200°C for 5 hrs. Specimens were heat-treated in a vertical tube furnace in air, and the temperature was controlled to an accuracy of ±2°C. Thin foils for TEM observation were prepared by jet polishing using a mixture of perchloric acid 15% and acetic acid 85% at 10V and ∼13°C. Electron microscopy was performed using a Philips EM 301 microscope.

UDIMET 700

Alloy Digest ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Base Alloy ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Vacuum Arc ◽  
Vacuum Induction Melting ◽  
Induction Melting ◽  
Nickel Base Alloy ◽  
Vacuum Arc Remelting ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Nickel Base

Abstract UDIMET 700 is a wrought nickel-base alloy produced by vacuum-induction melting and further refined by vacuum-arc remelting. It has excellent mechanical properties at high temperatures. Among its applications are blades for aircraft, marine and land-based gas turbines and rotor discs. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as creep. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: Ni-51. Producer or source: Special Metals Corporation. Originally published March 1959, revised January 1987.

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