Structure and Mechanical Properties of Retrograded Rice Starch and Cow Bone Powder Composite Sponge

To study the effect of addition purified cow bone (CB) powder (20, 30, 40 and 50 wt%) in slurry suspension of retrograded rice starch (RRS). The composite sponges were used as in bone repair. The RRS-CB composite sponges were prepared from the mixture of RRS, CB and additive into distill water. The prepared samples were characterized including SEM, XRD, physical and mechanical properties. The results of optimized condition have shown the samples of 40 wt% CB that had the swelling rate as 102± 0.01%, area of expansion was 20 ± 0.03 % for 72 hours and the compressive strength was 64.35±0.05KPa. In addition, it was found that this content resulted in sufficient soft porous material, foldable by hand and self recovered body.

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Physical and Mechanical Properties of a Porous Material Obtained by Low Replacement of Volcanic Ash by Aluminum Beverage Cans

Advances in Research ◽

10.9734/air/2021/v22i130279 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Bernard Missota Priso Dickson ◽

Claudine Mawe Noussi ◽

Louise Ndongo Ebongue ◽

Joseph Dika Manga

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Compressive Strength ◽

Porous Material ◽

Water Absorption ◽

Bulk Density ◽

Volcanic Ash ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Apparent Porosity ◽

Partial Replacement ◽

Inorganic Polymers

This study focuses on the evaluation of the physical and mechanical properties of a porous material based on a mixture of powder (Volcanic ash /Aluminum Beverage Cans) and a solution of phosphoric acid. Volcanic ash (VA) use was collected in one of the quarries of Mandjo (Cameroon coastal region), crushed, then characterized by XRF, DRX, FTIR and named MaJ. The various polymers obtained are called MaJ0, MaJ2.5, MaJ5, MaJ7.5 and MaJ10 according to the mass content of the additions of the powder from the aluminum beverage cans (ABCs). The physical and mechanical properties of the synthetic products were evaluated by determining the apparent porosity, bulk density, water absorption and compressive strength. The results of this study show that the partial replacement of the powder of VA by that of ABC leads to a reduction in the compressive strength (5.9 - 0.8 MPa) and bulk density (2.56 – 1.32 g/cm3) of the polymers obtained. On the other hand, apparent porosity, water absorption and pore formation within the polymers increases with addition of the powder from the beverage cans. All of these results allow us to agree that the ABCs powder can be used as a blowing agent during the synthesis of phosphate inorganic polymers.

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PEMANFAATAN KAYU AKASIA MANGIUM (Acacia mangium Willd) UNTUK MEBEL

Jurnal Riset Industri Hasil Hutan ◽

10.24111/jrihh.v4i1.1195 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Djoko Purwanto

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Compressive Strength ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Treatment Process ◽

Acacia Mangium ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Wood Fibers ◽

Test Parameters ◽

Mechanical And Physical Properties ◽

Scale Scores

Timber Acacia mangium (Acacia mangium, Willd) for Furniture. The study aims to determine the mechanical and physical properties and the decorative value (color and fiber) wood of acacia mangium with using finishing materials. This type of finishing material used is ultran lasur natural dof ,ultran lasur classic teak, aqua politur clear dof, aqua politur akasia dan aqua politur cherry. After finishing the wood is stored for 3 months. Test parameters were observed, namely, physical and mechanical properties of wood, adhesion of finishing materials, color and appearance of the fiber, and timber dimensions expansion. The results showed that the mechanical physical properties of acacia wood qualified SNI. 01-0608-89 about the physical and mechanical properties of wood for furniture, air dry the moisture content from 13.78 to 14.89%, flexural strength from 509.25 to 680.50 kg/cm2, and compressive strength parallel to fiber 342.1 - 412.9 kg/cm2. Finishing the treatment process using five types of finishing materials can increase the decorative value (color and fiber) wood. Before finishing the process of acacia mangium wood has the appearance of colors and fibers and less attractive (scale scores 2-3), after finishing acacia wood fibers have the appearance of colors and interesting and very interesting (scale 4-5).Keywords: mangium wood, mechanical properties, decorative value, finishing, furniture.

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Enhancing Density-Based Mining Waste Alkali-Activated Foamed Materials Incorporating Expanded Cork

CivilEng ◽

10.3390/civileng2020029 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 523-540

Author(s):

Imed Beghoura ◽

Joao Castro-Gomes

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Compressive Strength ◽

Pore Size ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Critical Parameters ◽

Porous Structures ◽

Foaming Agent ◽

Al Powder ◽

Highly Porous ◽

Alkali Activated

This study focuses on the development of an alkali-activated lightweight foamed material (AA-LFM) with enhanced density. Several mixes of tungsten waste mud (TWM), grounded waste glass (WG), and metakaolin (MK) were produced. Al powder as a foaming agent was added, varying from 0.009 w.% to 0.05 w.% of precursor weight. Expanded granulated cork (EGC) particles were incorporated (10% to 40% of the total volume of precursors). The physical and mechanical properties of the foamed materials obtained, the effects of the amount of the foaming agent and the percentage of cork particles added varying from 10 vol.% to 40% are presented and discussed. Highly porous structures were obtained, Pore size and cork particles distribution are critical parameters in determining the density and strength of the foams. The compressive strength results with different densities of AA-LFM obtained by modifying the foaming agent and cork particles are also presented and discussed. Mechanical properties of the cured structure are adequate for lightweight prefabricated building elements and components.

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Properties of High-Strength Flowable Mortar Reinforced with Palm Fibers

ISRN Civil Engineering ◽

10.5402/2012/718549 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Eethar Thanon Dawood ◽

Mahyuddin Ramli

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Compressive Strength ◽

Flexural Strength ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

High Strength ◽

Test Results ◽

Palm Fiber ◽

Toughness Index ◽

Strength And Toughness

This study was conducted to determine some physical and mechanical properties of high-strength flowable mortar reinforced with different percentages of palm fiber (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.4, and 1.6% as volumetric fractions). The density, compressive strength, flexural strength, and toughness index were tested to determine the mechanical properties of this mortar. Test results illustrate that the inclusion of this fiber reduces the density of mortar. The use of 0.6% of palm fiber increases the compressive strength and flexural strength by about 15.1%, and 16%, respectively; besides, the toughness index (I5) of the high-strength flowable mortar has been significantly enhanced by the use of 1% and more of palm fiber.

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Physical and Mechanical Properties of Cemented Ash-Based Lightweight Building Materials with and without Pumice

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering ◽

10.1155/2018/9368787 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Neslihan Doğan-Sağlamtimur ◽

Adnan Güven ◽

Ahmet Bilgil

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Compressive Strength ◽

Building Material ◽

Building Materials ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Mixing Ratio ◽

Lightweight Material ◽

Important Input ◽

Axial Compressive Strength ◽

International Companies

Pumice, cements (CEM I- and CEM II-type), waste fly and bottom ashes (IFA, GBA, and BBA) supplied from international companies were used to produce lightweight building materials, and physical-mechanical properties of these materials were determined. Axial compressive strength (ACS) values were found above the standards of 4 and 8 MPa (Bims Concrete (BC) 40 and 80 kgf/cm2 class) for cemented (CEM I) pumice-based samples. On the contrary, the ACS values of the pumice-based cemented (CEM II) samples could not be reached to these standards. Best ACS results (compatible with BC80) from these cemented lightweight material samples produced with the ashes were found in 50% mixing ratio as 10.6, 13.2, and 20.5 MPa for BBA + CEM I, GBA + CEM II, and IFA + CEM I, respectively, and produced with pumice were found as 8.4 MPa (same value) for GBA + pumice + CEM II (in 25% mixing ratio), BBA + pumice + CEM I (in 100% mixing ratio), and pumice + IFA + CEM I (in 100% mixing ratio), respectively. According to the results, cemented ash-based lightweight building material produced with and without pumice could widely be used for constructive purposes. As a result of this study, an important input to the ecosystem has been provided using waste ashes, whose storage constitutes a problem.

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Comparative experimental study on physical and mechanical properties of quartz sandstone after water-cooling and natural-cooling under high temperature

Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology ◽

10.1144/qjegh2020-181 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. qjegh2020-181

Author(s):

Haopeng Jiang ◽

Annan Jiang ◽

Fengrui Zhang

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Compressive Strength ◽

Elastic Modulus ◽

Uniaxial Compressive Strength ◽

Heating Temperature ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

P Wave ◽

Water Cooling ◽

Average Value ◽

Cooling Methods

Experimental tests were conducted to study the influence of natural cooling and water cooling on the physical and mechanical properties of quartz sandstone. This study aims to understand the effect of different cooling methods on the physical and mechanical properties of quartz sandstone (such as mass, volume, density, P-wave velocity, elastic modulus, uniaxial compressive strength, etc.). The results show that the uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) and elastic modulus(E) of the specimens cooled by natural-cooling and water-cooling decrease with heating temperature. At 800℃, after natural cooling and water cooling, the average value of UCS decreased by 34.65% and 57.90%, and the average value of E decreased by 87.66% and 89.05%, respectively. Meanwhile, scanning electron microscope (SEM) images were used to capture the development of microcracks and pores within the specimens after natural-cooling and water-cooling, and it was found that at the same temperature, water cooling treatment was more likely to cause microcracks and pores, which can cause more serious damage to the quartz sandstone. These results confirm that different cooling methods have different effects on the physical and mechanical properties of quartz sandstone, and provide a basis for the stability prediction of rock mass engineering such as tunnel suffering from fire.

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Cellulose Fibres as a Reinforcing Element in Building Materials

Proccedings of 10th International Conference "Environmental Engineering" ◽

10.3846/enviro.2017.104 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Viola Hospodarova ◽

Nadezda Stevulova ◽

Vojtech Vaclavik ◽

Tomas Dvorsky ◽

Jaroslav Briancin

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Thermal Conductivity ◽

Compressive Strength ◽

Building Materials ◽

Reference Sample ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Natural Fibre ◽

Cement Composites ◽

Cellulose Fibres ◽

Cellulosic Fibres

Nowadays, construction sector is focusing in developing sustainable, green and eco-friendly building materials. Natural fibre is growingly being used in composite materials. This paper provides utilization of cellulose fibres as reinforcing agent into cement composites/plasters. Provided cellulosic fibres coming from various sources as bleached wood pulp and recycled waste paper fibres. Differences between cellulosic fibres are given by their physical characterization, chemical composition and SEM micrographs. Physical and mechanical properties of fibre-cement composites with fibre contents 0.2; 0.3and 0.5% by weight of filler and binder were investigated. Reference sample without fibres was also produced. The aim of this work is to investigate the effects of cellulose fibres on the final properties (density, water absorbability, coefficient of thermal conductivity and compressive strength) of the fibrecement plasters after 28 days of hardening. Testing of plasters with varying amount of cellulose fibres (0.2, 0.3 and 0.5 wt. %) has shown that the resulting physical and mechanical properties depend on the amount, the nature and structure of the used fibres. Linear dependences of compressive strength and thermal conductivity on density for plasters with cellulosic fibres adding were observed.

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Physical and Mechanical Properties of a Bulk Lightweight Concrete with Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) Beads and Soft Marine Clay

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma12101662 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (10) ◽

pp. 1662 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Jianguo Wang ◽

Bowen Hu ◽

Jia Hwei Soon

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Compressive Strength ◽

Cement Content ◽

Mass Density ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Confining Pressure ◽

Expanded Polystyrene ◽

Triaxial Tests ◽

Filling Material ◽

Confining Pressures

The variation of physical and mechanical properties of the lightweight bulk filling material with cement and expanded polystyrene (EPS) beads contents under different confining pressures is important to construction and geotechnical applications. In this study, a lightweight bulk filling material was firstly fabricated with Singapore marine clay, ordinary Portland cement and EPS. Then, the influences of EPS beads content, cement content, curing time and confining pressure on the mass density, stress–strain behavior and compressive strength of this lightweight bulk filling material were investigated by unconsolidated and undrained (UU) triaxial tests. In these tests, the mass ratios of EPS beads to dry clay (E/S) were 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, and 4% and the mass ratios of cement to dry clay (C/S) were 10% and 15%. Thirdly, a series of UU triaxial tests were performed at a confining pressure of 0 kPa, 50 kPa, 100 kPa, and 150 kPa after three curing days, seven curing days, and 28 curing days. The results show that the mass density of this lightweight bulk filling material was mainly controlled by the E/S ratio. Its mass density decreased by 55.6% for the C/S ratio 10% and 54.9% for the C/S ratio 15% when the E/S ratio increased from 0% to 4% after three curing days. Shear failure more easily occurred in the specimens with higher cement content and lower confining pressure. The relationships between compressive strength and mass density or failure strain could be quantified by the power function. Increasing cement content and reducing EPS beads content will increase mass density and compressive strength of this lightweight bulk filling material. The compressive strength with curing time can be expressed by a logarithmic function with fitting correlation coefficient ranging from 0.83 to 0.97 for five confining pressures. These empirical formulae will be useful for the estimation of physical and mechanical properties of lightweight concretes in engineering application.

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Expansion volume of alkali activated foamed cork composites from tungsten mining mud waste with aluminium

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/201927403002 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 274 ◽

pp. 03002

Author(s):

Imed Beghoura ◽

Joao Castro-Gomes ◽

Haroon Ihsan ◽

John Pickstone ◽

Nuno Estrada

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Compressive Strength ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽

Porous Structures ◽

Expansion Process ◽

Foaming Agent ◽

Al Powder ◽

Highly Porous ◽

Alkali Activated

Several mixes of alkali activated foams from tungsten mud waste (MW), grounded glass (GG) and metakaolin (MK) were developed incorporating expanded granulated cork (EGC). This study presents preliminary results of the expansion process obtained with the addition of aluminium (AL) powder as a foaming agent. 0.3 wt.%, 0.4 wt.% to 0.5wt.% of AL powder were added to the alkali activated matrix. The physical and mechanical properties of the obtained foams, the effects of the type and amount of the foaming agent added are presented and discussed. Highly porous structures were obtained, with overall expansion up to 68.2% when the AL powder was added. The size and distribution of pores are shown. The compressive strength of foams in the case of highly porous structures achieved of 1.2 MPa for the samples containing 0.5 wt.% of AL powder. Mechanical and thermal properties of the cured structure are good and can therefore be used for applications in acoustic panels and lightweight prefabricated components for thermal insulation purposes.

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THE DEPENDENCE OF THE PHYSICAL MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF EXPANDED-CLAY LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE ON THE COMPOSITION

Mokslas - Lietuvos ateitis ◽

10.3846/mla.2010.111 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 2 (6) ◽

pp. 50-55

Author(s):

Marija Vaičienė ◽

Jurgita Malaiškienė

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Compressive Strength ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Water Absorption ◽

Lightweight Concrete ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Concrete Mixture ◽

Active Filler ◽

Binder Material ◽

Substitute Materials

Binder material is the most expensive raw component of concrete; thus, scientists are looking for cheaper substitute materials. This paper shows that when manufacturing, a part of the binder material of expanded-clay lightweight concrete can be replaced with active filler. The conducted studies show that technogenic – catalyst waste could act as similar filler. The study also includes the dependence of the physical and mechanical properties of expanded-clay lightweight concrete on the concrete mixture and the chemical composition of the samples obtained. Different formation and composition mixtures of expanded-clay lightweight concrete were chosen to determine the properties of physical-mechanical properties such as density, water absorption and compressive strength.

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