Activated Carbon from Corn Cob and Petai Hull as Novel Adsorbent for Lead Removal

Activated carbon was successfully generated from the mixture of corn cob and petai hull which served as adsorbents for Pb (II) ion removal at an aqueous solution. The activation was done using KOH at 800°C carbonization temperature. Synthetic waste used in the various concentration of 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 ppm. The adsorption process was carried out at 30 minutes, the ratio of adsorbent mass was grouped as B (1:3 corn cobnative activated carbon/petai hullnative activated carbon), C (1:1 corn cobnative activated carbon/petai hullnative activated carbon), D (3:1, corn cobnative activated carbon/petai hullnative activated carbon), and H (1:1, corn cobmodifiedactivated carbon/petai hullmodifiedactivated carbon). The results showed that the highest adsorption capacity was found in H adsorbent that was 2,368 mg/g at concentration 300 ppm. Dubinin model fit the adsorption isotherms of B, C, D, and H.

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Biosorbent from Petai (Parkia speciosa) Residue for Removing Lead Ion in Aqueous Solution: FTIR Analysis and Adsorption Characteristics Study

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.818.77 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 818 ◽

pp. 77-81

Author(s):

Ajeng Yulianti Dwi Lestari ◽

Achmad Chafidz

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solution ◽

Sulfuric Acid ◽

Sodium Hydroxide ◽

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Adsorption Isotherms ◽

Adsorption Process ◽

Lead Ion ◽

Batch Adsorption ◽

Ftir Analysis ◽

Acid Modification

Removing lead ion in aqueous solution using petai (Parkia speciosa) residue was done well. Petai residue is modified with sodium hydroxide and sulfuric acid before batch adsorption process occured. The results showed that the highest adsorption capacity was found in acid modification that was 2.62 mg/g.Temkin and Dubininmodels fit the adsorption isotherms of all adsorbents.

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Adsorption Efficiency of Activated Carbon Produced from Corn Cob for the Removal of Cadmium Ions from Aqueous Solution

Academic Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.32861//ajc.44.12.20 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 12-20

Author(s):

Ezeh Ernest ◽

Okeke Onyeka ◽

Aburu C. M. ◽

Aniobi C. C. ◽

Ndubuisi J. O

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solution ◽

Free Energy ◽

Activated Carbon ◽

Adsorption Process ◽

Adsorption Efficiency ◽

Corn Cob ◽

Free Energy Of Adsorption ◽

Cadmium Ions ◽

Gibb’S Free Energy ◽

Peak Value

Studies were carried out to evaluate the adsorption efficiency of activated carbon produced from corn cob for the removal of Cd II ions from aqueous solution. The studies were carried out with due consideration of standard analytical procedures and instrumentation. Increase in the Cd II ions concentration from 90 to 180mg/l decreased the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent from 89.273 to 65.770%. Increase in the adsorbent’s dosage from 0.5 to 2.0g increased the adsorption of Cd II ions from 81.522 to 91.980%. At pH of 5.0, the adsorption process attained equilibrium with a peak adsorption of Cd II ion at 93.628%. At a contact of time of 30mins between the adsorbate (Cd II ions) at the adsorbent; the adsorption of Cd II ions reached a peak value of 92.410%. The adsorption of Cd II ions on the surface of the activated carbon increased from 90.436 to 93.210% with increase in temperature from 40o to 160oC. The decrease in Gibb’s free energy of adsorption of Cd II ions on the surface of the activated carbon revealed that the adsorption was favourable at high temperatures. The positive values of ∆H and ∆S shows that the adsorption process was endothermic.

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Carbaryl Sorption by Porogen-Treated Banana Pith Carbon

Adsorption Science & Technology ◽

10.1260/026361708788251367 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 26 (9) ◽

pp. 679-686 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

M. Sathishkumar ◽

J.G. Choi ◽

C.S. Ku ◽

K. Vijayaraghavan ◽

A.R. Binupriya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solution ◽

Activated Carbon ◽

Adsorption Isotherm ◽

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Adsorption Isotherms ◽

Kinetic Data ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Adsorption Ability ◽

Ph Dependent ◽

Langmuir And Freundlich Models

This paper reports the adsorption ability of banana pith activated carbon, with ZnCl2 as the porogen, towards carbaryl (1-naphthyl- N-methylcarbamate) from aqueous solution. The pH-edge experiments revealed that carbaryl adsorption onto ZnCl2-treated banana pith activated carbon (ZTC) was a pH-dependent process with maximum adsorption occurring at pH 11. The adsorption isotherm obtained at pH 11 revealed that ZTC possessed a maximum adsorption capacity of 45.9 mg/g. The adsorption isotherms were well described by the Langmuir and Freundlich models. The kinetic data obtained at different initial carbaryl concentrations were modelled using pseudo-first- and -second-order models. Acetone successfully desorbed carbaryl with a 99.8% elution efficiency.

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Removal of Fe (II) from Aqueous Solution by Chitosan Activated Carbon Composite Beads

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.898.3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 898 ◽

pp. 3-8

Author(s):

Putri Wulan ◽

Yuni Kusumastuti ◽

Agus Prasetya

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solution ◽

Activated Carbon ◽

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Metal Ion ◽

Adsorption Process ◽

Chitosan Solution ◽

Carbon Composite ◽

Composite Beads ◽

Naoh Solution ◽

Adsorbent Dose

The high levels of Fe2+ metal ion in water can be reduced by adsorption process. The adsorbent used is a composite of chitosan activated carbon. The composites were prepared by adding 1.5 g of activated carbon into chitosan solution 1.5% (w/v). The gels of chitosan activated carbon were then dropped into a 2.8% NaOH solution mixture to produce composite beads. The beads were neutralized using aquadest and dried in an oven at 50oC for 2 hours. The dried bead was used as adsorbent. The adsorption process was carried out with erlenmeyer in shaker bath with 0.5 g, 1 g, and 1.5 g at 25oC, 35oC and 45oC in 50 mL solution of Fe2+ metal ion having concentration of 10 ppm. Sample were taken in 5, 10, 20, 40 60, 80 and 120 min. Adsorbent were characterized by SEM and EDX. The composite beads adsorbent was analyzed by SEM and EDX. SEM results show that chitosan was successfully coated on activated carbon with a porous surface structure. The EDX results show that chitosan activated carbon composite beads can absorb Fe2+ metal ions, with an adsorption capacity of 88.3% at 60 min in 1.5 g adsorbent dose.

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Study on Adsorption Properties of Modified Corn Cob Activated Carbon for Mercury Ion

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14154483 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (15) ◽

pp. 4483

Author(s):

Yuyingnan Liu ◽

Xinrui Xu ◽

Bin Qu ◽

Xiaofeng Liu ◽

Weiming Yi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽

Adsorption Process ◽

Physical Adsorption ◽

Raw Material ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

Mercury Ions ◽

Corn Cob ◽

Adsorption Time ◽

X Ray

In this study, corn cob was used as raw material and modified methods employing KOH and KMnO4 were used to prepare activated carbon with high adsorption capacity for mercury ions. Experiments on the effects of different influencing factors on the adsorption of mercury ions were undertaken. The results showed that when modified with KOH, the optimal adsorption time was 120 min, the optimum pH was 4; when modified with KMnO4, the optimal adsorption time was 60 min, the optimal pH was 3, and the optimal amount of adsorbent and the initial concentration were both 0.40 g/L and 100 mg/L under both modified conditions. The adsorption process conforms to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir model. Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Zeta potential characterization results showed that the adsorption process is mainly physical adsorption, surface complexation and ion exchange.

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Modified/Unmodified Nanoparticle Adsorbents of Cellulose Origin With High Adsorptive Potential for Removal of Pb(II) From Aqueous Solution

European Scientific Journal ESJ ◽

10.19044/esj.2017.v13n27p425 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 13 (27) ◽

pp. 425

Author(s):

Azeh Yakubu ◽

Gabriel Ademola Olatunji ◽

Folahan Amoo Adekola

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solution ◽

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Contact Time ◽

Adsorption Process ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Solution Temperature ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Kinetics Of Adsorption ◽

Kinetics Of

This investigation was conducted to evaluate the adsorption capacity of nanoparticles of cellulose origin. Nanoparticles were synthesized by acid hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose/cellulose acetate using 64% H3PO4 and characterized using FTIR, XRD, TGA-DTGA, BET and SEM analysis. Adsorption kinetics of Pb (II) ions in aqueous solution was investigated and the effect of initial concentration, pH, time, adsorbent dosage and solution temperature. The results showed that adsorption increased with increasing concentration with removal efficiencies of 60% and 92.99% for Azeh2 and Azeh10 respectively for initial lead concentration of 3 mg/g. The effects of contact time showed that adsorption maximum was attained within 24h of contact time. The maximum adsorption capacity and removal efficiency were achieved at pH6. Small dose of adsorbent had better performance. The kinetics of adsorption was best described by the pseudo-second-Order model while the adsorption mechanism was chemisorption and pore diffusion based on intra-particle diffusion model. The isotherm model was Freundlich. Though, all tested isotherm models relatively showed good correlation coefficients ranging from 0.969-1.000. The adsorption process was exothermic for Azeh-TDI, with a negative value of -12.812 X 103 KJ/mol. This indicates that the adsorption process for Pb by Azeh-TDI was spontaneous. Adsorption by Azeh2 was endothermic in nature.

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Preparation, Characterization and Adsorption Potential of Grainy Halloysite-CNT Composites for Anthracene Removal from Aqueous Solution

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano9060890 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 890 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Gabriela Kamińska ◽

Mariusz Dudziak ◽

Edyta Kudlek ◽

Jolanta Bohdziewicz

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Aqueous Solution ◽

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Contact Time ◽

Adsorption Process ◽

Heating Temperature ◽

Langmuir Model ◽

Adsorption Potential ◽

Adsorption Sites ◽

Enhanced Adsorption

Grainy Hal-CNT composites were prepared from powder halloysite nanoclay (Hal) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The effect of the amount and type of CNTs, as well as calcination temperature on morphology and properties of Hal-CNT composites and their adsorption capacity of anthracene (ANT), were studied. The surface topography of granules was heterogenous, with cracks and channels created during granulation of powder clay and CNTs. In FTIR, spectra were exhibited only in the bands arising from halloysite, due to its dominance in the granules. The increase in the heating temperature to 550 °C resulted in mesoporosity/macroporosity of the granules, the lowest specific surface area (SSA) and poorest adsorption potential. Overall, SSA of all Hal-CNT composites were higher than raw Hal, and by itself, heated halloysite. The larger amount of CNTs enhanced adsorption kinetics due to the more external adsorption sites. The equilibrium was established with the contact time of approximately 30 min for the sample Hal-SWCNT 85:15, while the samples with loading 96:4, it was 60–90 min. Adsorption isotherms for ANT showed L1 type, which is representative for the sorbents with limited adsorption capacity. The Langmuir model described the adsorption process, suggesting a monolayer covering. The sample Hal-SWCNT 85:15 exhibited the highest adsorption capacity of ANT, due to its highest SSA and microporous character.

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Modeling the removal of Reactive Red 120 dye from aqueous effluents by activated carbon

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2020.347 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 82 (4) ◽

pp. 651-662

Author(s):

Kods Oueslati ◽

Eder C. Lima ◽

Fakher Ayachi ◽

Mariene R. Cunha ◽

Abdelmottaleb Ben Lamine

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Adsorption Isotherms ◽

Statistical Physics ◽

Adsorption Process ◽

Dye Adsorption ◽

Physical Nature ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Reactive Red 120 ◽

Receptor Sites ◽

Aqueous Effluents

Abstract The adsorption isotherms of Reactive Red 120 (RR-120) on Brazilian pine-fruit shell activated carbon, at six temperatures (298, 303, 308, 313, 318 and 323 K) and pH = 6, were determined and interpreted using a double layer model with one energy. A statistical physics treatment established the formulation of this model. Steric and energetic parameters related to the adsorption process, such as the number of adsorbed molecules per site, the receptor sites density and the concentration at half-saturation, have been considered. Thermodynamic potential functions such as entropy, internal energy and Gibbs free enthalpy are analyzed, and the choice of the models is based on assumptions in correlation with experimental conditions. By numerical fitting, the investigated parameters were deduced. The theoretical expressions provide a good understanding and interpretation of the adsorption isotherms at the microscopic level. We believe that our work contributes to new theoretical insights on the dye adsorption in order to know the physical nature of the adsorption process.

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STUDI ADSORPSI ZAT WARNA NAPHTHOL YELLOW S PADA LIMBAH CAIR MENGGUNAKAN KARBON AKTIF DARI AMPAS TEBU

Jurnal Kimia ◽

10.24843/jchem.2019.v13.i01.p16 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 104

Author(s):

W. P. Utoo1 ◽

E. Santoso ◽

G. Yuhaneka ◽

A. I. Triantini ◽

M. R. Fatqi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Surface Area ◽

Contact Time ◽

Adsorption Process ◽

Activation Process ◽

Adsorption Model ◽

High Adsorption ◽

Prolonged Contact ◽

Test Result

The aim of this research is to get activated carbon from sugarcane bagasse with high adsorption capacity to Naphthol Yellow S and to know factors influencing the adsorption capacity. Activated carbon is prepared by incomplete combustion of sugracane bagasse. The resulting carbon is activated with H2SO4 with concentration variation of 0.5; 1.0; 1.5 and 2.0 M and is continued by calcination at 400 °C. The measurement of the surface area of ??activated carbon by the methylene blue method indicates that the activation process successfully extends the surface area of carbon from 31.87 m2/g before activation to 66-72 m2/g after activation. Activated carbon with concentration of 2.0 M H2SO4 showed the highest surface area of ??71.85 m2/g, however, the best adsorption was shown by activated carbon with a concentration of 0.5 M H2SO4 with the adsorption capacity of 83.93%. The adsorption test showed that the best amount of adsorbent was 0.2 g with contact time for 30 minutes. Prolonged contact time can decrease the amount of Naphthol Yellow S adsorbed. The best adsorption test result was shown by sample with activator concentration of 0,5 M, mass of 0,2 g and contact time of 30 min with adsorption capacity 95,81% or amount of dye adsorbed equal to 143,72 mg/g. The adsorption study also showed that the entire Naphthol Yellow S adsorption process followed the Langmuir isothemal adsorption model. Qualitative testing of real batik waste indicates that activated carbon can reduce the dyes waste containing Naphthol Yellow Sexhibited by the color of batik waste which is more faded.

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Adsorption of Ammonium Nitrogen from Aqueous Solution on Chemically Activated Biochar Prepared from Sorghum Distillers Grain

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app9235249 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (23) ◽

pp. 5249 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Derlin Hsu ◽

Changyi Lu ◽

Tairan Pang ◽

Yuanpeng Wang ◽

Guanhua Wang

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solution ◽

Specific Surface ◽

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Surface Area ◽

Specific Surface Area ◽

Adsorption Process ◽

Ammonium Nitrogen ◽

Activated Biochar ◽

Distillers Grain ◽

Kinetics And Isotherms

Chemically activated biochars prepared from sorghum distillers grain using two base activators (NaOH and KOH) were investigated for their adsorption properties with respect to ammonium nitrogen from aqueous solution. Detailed characterizations, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetry (TG), and specific surface area analyses, were carried out to offer a broad evaluation of the prepared biochars. The results showed that the NaOH- and KOH-activated biochars exhibited significantly enhanced adsorption capacity, by 2.93 and 4.74 times, respectively, in comparison with the pristine biochar. Although the NaOH-activated biochar possessed larger specific surface area (132.8 and 117.7 m2/g for the NaOH- and KOH-activated biochars, respectively), the KOH-activated biochar had higher adsorption capacity owing to its much higher content of functional groups. The adsorption kinetics and isotherms of the KOH-activated biochar at different temperatures were further studied. The biochar had a maximum adsorption capacity of 14.34 mg/g at 45 °C, which was satisfactory compared with other biochars prepared using different feedstocks. The adsorption process followed pseudo-second-order kinetics, and chemical adsorption was the rate-controlling step. The equilibrium data were consistent with the Freundlich isotherm, and the thermodynamic parameters suggested that the adsorption process was endothermic and spontaneous. Consequently, this work demonstrates that chemically activated biochar from sorghum distillers grain is effective for ammonium nitrogen removal.

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