Biologically Active Nanomaterials in Potato Growing

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 91-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarita V. Samoylova ◽  
Dmitriy G. Churilov ◽  
Anna A. Nazarova ◽  
Svetlana D. Polishchuk ◽  
Nikolai V. Byshov
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Humic Acids ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Cobalt Oxides ◽  
Potato Tubers

The article presents the influence of different nanomaterials such as nanopowders of ferrum, cobalt and cuprum, suspensions of copper and cobalt oxides nanoparticles and ultrafine humic acids on potato breed “Latona”. We have studied the influence of nanomaterials on morphological and physiological parameters of plants, the yield, its structure and chemical composition of potato as well as on vitamins C and PP in potato tubers. On the basis of investigations we have recommended introduction of biologically active nanomaterials into intensive technology of growing the crop.

Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Bark and Leaf Extracts of Cupressus sempervirens and Juniperus phoenicea Grown in Al- Jabel Al-Akhdar Region, Libya

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 268-279
Author(s):  
Mohamed E.I. Badawy ◽  
Ibrahim E.A. Kherallah ◽  
Ahmed S.O. Mohareb ◽  
Mohamed. Z.M. Salem ◽  
Hameda A. Yousef
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Cupressus Sempervirens ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Juniperus Phoenicea ◽  
The Impact

Background:Plant extracts are important products in the world and have been widely used for isolation of important biologically active products. Because of their significant environmental impact, extensive research has been explored to determine the antimicrobial activity of plant extracts.Methods:Acetone extracts of the bark and leaf of Cupressus sempervirens and Juniperus phoenicea, collected from three different altitudes (125, 391, and 851 m high of sea level) at Al- Jabel Al-Akhdar area, Libya were obtained and analyzed by GC/MS. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was further evaluated against plant bacteria Rhizobium radiobacter, Erwinia carotovora, Rhodococcus fascians and Ralstonia solanacearum and fungus Botrytis cinerea.Results:The impact of the altitude from the sea level on the quantity and chemical constituents of the extracts was investigated. The yield was largely dependent on tree species and the highest yield (6.50%) was obtained with C. sempervirens L bark of altitude III (851 m of the sea level), while the lowest (1.17%) was obtained with the leaf extract of C. sempervirens L from altitude I (125 m). The chemical composition analyzed by GC/MS confirmed that the leaf extracts of C. sempervirens and J. phoenicea contained a complex mixture of monoterpene hydrocarbons, sesquiterpenes, diterpenes, diterpenoids, terpenophenolic, steroids and phthalates. However, the bark extracts of both trees contained a mixture of sesquiterpenes, diterpenes, diterpenoids, terpenophenolics, phthalates, retinol and steroids. These constituents revealed some variability among the extracts displaying the highest interesting chemotype of totarol (terpenophenolic) in all extracts (14.63-78.19% of the total extract). The extracts displayed a noteworthy antifungal potency with varying degrees of inhibition of growth with EC50 values ranged from 78.50 to 206.90 mg/L. The extracts obtained from the leaves of C. sempervirens showed that the highest inhibitory activity was obtained with the extract of altitude II (391 m) with MIC 565, 510, 380 and 710 mg/L against E. carotovora, R. fascians, and R. radiobacter and R. solanacearum, respectively.Conclusion:Based on antimicrobial activity, raw plant extracts can be a cost-effective way to protect crops from microbial pathogens. Because plant extracts contain several antimicrobial compounds, the development of resistant pathogens can be delayed.

scholarly journals Effects of rhizosphere fungi on the chemical composition of fruits of the medicinal plant Cinnamomum migao endemic to southwestern China

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingzhong Chen ◽  
Xiaolong Huang ◽  
Bingli Tong ◽  
Deng Wang ◽  
Jiming Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Rhizosphere Fungi ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
Main Driver ◽  
Fungal Populations

Abstract Background This study examined how rhizosphere fungi influence the accumulation of chemical components in fruits of a small population species of Cinnamomum migao. Results Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were dominant in the rhizosphere fungal community of C. migao. Pestalotiopsis and Gibellulopsis were associated with α-Terpineol and sabinene content, and Gibellulopsis was associated with crude fat and carbohydrate content. There were significant differences in rhizosphere fungal populations between watersheds, and there was no obvious change between fruiting periods. Gibberella, Ilyonectria, Micropsalliota, and Geminibasidium promoted sabinene accumulation, and Clitocybula promoted α-Terpineol accumulation. Conclusion The climate-related differentiation of rhizosphere fungal communities in watershed areas is the main driver of the chemical composition of C. migao fruit. The control of the production of biologically active compounds by the rhizosphere fungal community provides new opportunities to increase the industrial and medicinal value of the fruit of C. migao.

scholarly journals Chemical composition and antioxidant potential of Acacia leucophloea Roxb

2013 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zia-Ul-Haq ◽  
Sanja Ćavar ◽  
Mughal Qayum ◽  
Inamullah Khan ◽  
Shakeel Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Major Fatty Acid ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Antioxidant Agent ◽  
Acacia Leucophloea

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the compositional and nutritional potential of methanolic extracts of various parts of Acacia leucophloea Roxb. concerning the chemical composition and antioxidant potential of which limited information is available. Compositional studies indicated carbohydrates as major components in both seed and pods. Despite differences in mineral content among the leaves, pods and seeds, calcium was found in the highest amount and zinc in the lowest. The amino acid profile indicated aspartic acid as the major amino acid and proline as the minor. Among protein fractions, globulin was present in higher amounts than other fractions. Linoleic acid was the major fatty acid detected in the oil from both pods and seeds, while g-tocopherol was the major component of the tocopherol observed from same oil. Moreover, significant antioxidant potential was observed from the extracts of all three parts investigated. The results obtained in this study clearly indicate that A. leucophloea has a sufficient potential for use as a natural antioxidant agent. Further phytochemical studies will be performed for specification of the biologically active principles.

Relating Ion Binding by Fulvic and Humic Acids to Chemical Composition and Molecular Size. 2. Metal Binding

2001 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 2512-2517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iso Christl ◽  
Chris J. Milne ◽  
David G. Kinniburgh ◽  
Ruben Kretzschmar
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Humic Acids ◽  
Metal Binding ◽  
Molecular Size ◽  
Ion Binding

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antioxidative Mechanisms In Vitro and Triterpenes Composition of Extracts from Silver Birch (Betula pendula Roth) and Black Birch (Betula obscura Kotula) Barks by FT-IR and HPLC-PDA

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 4633
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Ostapiuk ◽  
Łukasz Kurach ◽  
Maciej Strzemski ◽  
Jacek Kurzepa ◽  
Anna Hordyjewska
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Silver Birch ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Outer Bark ◽  
Betula Pendula Roth ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
Active Substances

Silver birch, Betula pendula Roth, is one of the most common trees in Europe. Due to its content of many biologically active substances, it has long been used in medicine and cosmetics, unlike the rare black birch, Betula obscura Kotula. The aim of the study was therefore to compare the antioxidant properties of extracts from the inner and outer bark layers of both birch trees towards the L929 line treated with acetaldehyde. Based on the lactate dehydrogenase test and the MTT test, 10 and 25% concentrations of extracts were selected for the antioxidant evaluation. All extracts at tested concentrations reduced the production of hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion radical, and 25% extract decreased malonic aldehyde formation in acetaldehyde-treated cells. The chemical composition of bark extracts was accessed by IR and HPLC-PDA methods and surprisingly, revealed a high content of betulin and lupeol in the inner bark extract of B. obscura. Furthermore, IR analysis revealed differences in the chemical composition of the outer bark between black and silver birch extracts, indicating that black birch may be a valuable source of numerous biologically active substances. Further experiments are required to evaluate their potential against neuroinflammation, cancer, viral infections, as well as their usefulness in cosmetology.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Pharmacological Activities of Plantago major L. in Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-318
Author(s):  
DO THI VIET HUONG ◽  
PHAN MINH GIANG ◽  
DO HUY HOANG ◽  
NGUYEN ANH PHUONG ◽  
TRIEU ANH TRUNG
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Plantago Major ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Ic50 Values

Plantago major L. in Vietnam was investigated for its chemical composition and also evaluated the biological activities against enzyme α- glucosidase and free radicals activities. The powder mixture of dried leave and roots of this species was extracted separately by three solvents: dichloromethane, water, water:alcohol (50:50, v:v). The chemical composition of dichloromethane extract was analyzed by GC-MS system to identify eighteen components, out of which eight biologically active compounds viz. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, n-hecxadecanoic acid, 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-methyl ester, allogibberic acid, β-tocopherol, campesterol, γ-sitosterol, lup-20(29)-en-3-ol and friedenlan-3-one were presented. The concentration of radical scavenging activity DPPH expressed by IC50 for water, water:alcohol (50:50, v:v) and dichloromethane with 208.7, 89.3 and 62.05 μg/mL, respectively. The dichloromethane, water and water:alcohol (50:50, v:v) extract of Plantago major exhibited α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 116.4, 302.7, 195.9 μg/mL, respectively, which was comparable with acarbose (98.4 μg/mL). Plantago major L. in Vietnam may be effective inhibitors as the antidiabetic candidate and helpful to reduce the postprandial glucose levels.

scholarly journals Pharmacognostic, phytochemical and pharmacological aspects of Rosa x damascena Herrm. Georgian cultivar

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 001-010
Author(s):  
Nino Aleksidze ◽  
Ketevan Mchedlidze ◽  
Malkhaz Getia ◽  
Karen Mulkijanyan ◽  
Michel Frédérich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Rose Oil ◽  
Biological Potency ◽  
Rosaceae Family ◽  
The Rose

Rosa x damascena Herrm. represents one of the most popular and important plants of the Rosaceae family. For ages, rose oil, rose water and extracts from its flowers were used in perfumery, cosmetics, aromatherapy, and medicine due to diverse pharmacological efficacy. Nowadays, special attention is paid to the valorization of wastes from the rose oil industry in order to fully recover potent biologically active compounds. The present study describes in detail the microstructural features of the flower petals and provides data on chemical composition and biological potency of the aqueous extract of rose oil waste from the R. damascena Georgian cultivar. Up to 25 constituents were detected by HPLC-MS in the extract, and the content of total flavonoids in the extract reaches 2.29%. Amongst them hyperoside is dominating, which content is not less than 1%. Pharmacological evaluation of the extract on "Hot plate" and carrageenan-induced oedema models in mice revealed analgesic (42%) and anti-inflammatory (67%) effects of the extract. As well, the extract revealed antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum (3D7) strain (IC50 =20.31 µg/mL)

scholarly journals Chemical Composition of Volatile Oils from the Pericarps of Indian Sandalwood (Santalum album) by Different Extraction Methods

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1200700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Hua Zhang ◽  
Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva ◽  
Yong Xia Jia ◽  
Jie Tang Zhao ◽  
Guo Hua Ma
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Volatile Components ◽  
Santalum Album ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Hexane Extraction ◽  
Total Oil ◽  
Santalum Album L

The chemical composition of volatile compounds from pericarp oils of Indian sandalwood, Santalum album L., isolated by hydrodistillation and solvent extraction, were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The pericarps yielded 2.6 and 5.0% volatile oil by hydrodistillation and n-hexane extraction, and they were colorless and yellow in color, respectively. A total of 66 volatile components were detected. The most prominent compounds were palmitic and oleic acids, representing about 40-70% of the total oil. Many fragrant constituents and biologically active components, such as α- and β-santalol, cedrol, esters, aldehydes, phytosterols, and squalene were present in the pericarp oils. This is the first report of the volatile composition of the pericarps of any Santalum species.

scholarly journals Geochemistry of strontium in fresh underground waters of the Sredneobskoy basin (Tomsk region, Russia)

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 01024
Author(s):  
Irina Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Upper Cretaceous ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Strontium Content ◽  
Rock Interaction ◽  
Underground Waters ◽  
Tomsk Region ◽  
Resident Time ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Water Rock Interaction

In the central part of Western Siberia a study of the chemical composition of fresh underground waters in the upper 600 m of the Sredneobskoy artesian basin was carried out. It was shown that underground waters generally contain high concentrations of strontium. The minimum concentrations of Sr are typical for Neogene-Quaternary sediments (600 µg/L), maximum values in the waters of the Upper Cretaceous sediments (more than 1300 µg/L). The study of strontium accumulation mechanisms in drinking underground waters is undoubtedly an important issue, as strontium is a biologically active element. Especially dangerous is the consumption of underground waters with a calcium-strontium ratio less than 100, that is the hydrogeochemical precondition for Urov endemic (Kashin-Beck disease). According to the calcium/strontium ratios data waters of the Neogene-Quaternary and Paleogene sediments selected in the south-western part of the Tomsk region are unsuitable for drinking water supply. Underground waters are shown to be in equilibrium with Al and Fe hydroxides; Ca, Mg, Fe carbonates; and clay minerals, including ferruginous. Increased strontium content in aquifers is determined not only by the chemical composition of the water-bearing rocks, but also increasing resident time of water rock interaction.

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