A QUANTITATIVE STUDY OF FOOD CONSUMPTION AND GROWTH OF PODISUS MACULIVENTRIS (HEMIPTERA: PENTATOMIDAE)

1969 ◽  
Vol 101 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. Mukerji ◽  
E. J. LeRoux
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Podisus Maculiventris ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Accelerate Development ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Diet Level

AbstractNymphs and adults of Podisus maculiventris (Say), reared on four sizes (diet levels) of live larvae of Galleria mellonella (L.), captured prey, consumed food, and grew at rates varying with the size of larvae supplied. For nymphs, a direct linear relationship was obtained between rate of food consumption and daily growth and rate of food consumption and daily development. For adults, male and female, age did not affect food intake significantly, but for females alone, food intake differed significantly at different diet levels. A significant difference was also obtained for both sexes between body weight and diet level. Males and females lived longest on diet 1, apparently because of reduced metabolic activity.The number of eggs laid by each female corresponded to its food consumption for the first 35 days but decreased thereafter with age. The mean dry weights for fertile and infertile eggs at different diet levels did not differ significantly irrespective of the amount of food consumed by egg-laying females.For each nymph in each of instars 2 to 5 and for adults, the consumption quotient, an index of metabolic activity, increased as the rate of food consumption increased. For nymphs, the quotient decreased during ontogeny at each diet level, and for adults, decreased with age at diet levels 2, 3, and 4. The quotient remained constant for adults of both sexes at diet level 1.Results show that nymphs and adults of P. maculiventris can survive and mature satisfactorily for extended periods on small prey but needs larger prey to accelerate development, increase growth, and maintain a high reproductive potential.

A QUANTITATIVE STUDY OF FOOD CONSUMPTION AND GROWTH IN PSEUDALETIA UNIPUNCTA (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE)

1970 ◽  
Vol 102 (9) ◽  
pp. 1179-1188 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. Mukerji ◽  
J. C. Guppy
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Quantitative Study ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Pseudaletia Unipuncta ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Accelerate Development ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

AbstractLarvae of Pseudaletia unipuncta (Haw.), reared on corn foliage, were found to vary in the rate they were able to feed, grow, and attain maturity. Mortality varied inversely with the rate of food intake. In the fifth and sixth instars, there was a direct linear relationship between rate of food intake and daily growth, and rate of food intake and daily development. A variance of 78 to 96% in final weights of the two stages was explained by the combined effect of initial weights of larvae, food supply, duration of feeding, and food ingested. Fecundity increased with the rate of food intake of the larvae.When P. unipuncta feeds at a high rate, it is able to accelerate development, increase growth, and maintain a high reproductive potential. When the rate of food intake is low, development, growth, and fecundity are reduced for the sake of survival.

A QUANTITATIVE STUDY OF FOOD CONSUMPTION, ASSIMILATION, AND GROWTH IN LEPTINOTARSA DECEMLINEATA (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE) ON TWO HOST PLANTS

1972 ◽  
Vol 104 (8) ◽  
pp. 1271-1276 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Latheef ◽  
D. G. Harcourt
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Leptinotarsa Decemlineata ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Larval Growth ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Food Conversion ◽  
Lower Survival Rate ◽  
Accelerate Development ◽  
Pupal Size

AbstractLarvae of Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) reared on tomato fed longer, consumed more foliage, and had a lower survival rate than when reared on potato, its principal host. On both plants, a direct linear relationship was obtained between food consumption and larval growth. Potato was the more efficient of the two plants in terms of food conversion to body matter. This was reflected by increased weight gain of the larvae and greater pupal size.Adults from larvae reared on tomato were smaller and less fecund than those from larvae reared on potato. Half of them rejected tomato as food. However, egg-laying increased when they were transferred to potato after 50 days. The present investigation indicates that L. decemlineata can survive and attain maturity on tomato in the absence of its principal host plant. However, when potato is once again available, it is able to increase growth, accelerate development, and achieve a greater reproductive potential.

scholarly journals Development of a bowel sound detector adapted to demonstrate the effect of food intake

2022 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Wang ◽  
Alison Testa ◽  
Barry J. Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Validation Dataset ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
Bowel Sound ◽  
Acoustic Features ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Effect Of Food

Abstract Objective Bowel sounds (BS) carry useful information about gastrointestinal condition and feeding status. Interest in computerized bowel sound-based analysis has grown recently and techniques have evolved rapidly. An important first step for these analyses is to extract BS segments, whilst neglecting silent periods. The purpose of this study was to develop a convolutional neural network-based BS detector able to detect all types of BS with accurate time stamps, and to investigate the effect of food consumption on some acoustic features of BS with the proposed detector. Results Audio recordings from 40 volunteers were collected and a BS dataset consisting of 6700 manually labelled segments was generated for training and testing the proposed BS detector. The detector attained 91.06% and 90.78% accuracy for the validation dataset and across-subject test dataset, respectively, with a well-balanced sensitivity and specificity. The detection rates evaluated on different BS types were also satisfactory. Four acoustic features were evaluated to investigate the food effect. The total duration and spectral bandwidth of BS showed significant differences before and after food consumption, while no significant difference was observed in mean-crossing rate values. Conclusion We demonstrated that the proposed BS detector is effective in detecting all types of BS, and providing an accurate time stamp for each BS. The characteristics of BS types and the effect on detection accuracy is discussed. The proposed detector could have clinical application for post-operative ileus prognosis, and monitoring of food intake.

Influence of spinosad on the reproductive potential of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) infesting wheat

ENTOMON ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-258
Author(s):  
Umme Habiba ◽  
Wahedul Islam ◽  
Selina Parween
Keyword(s):  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
F2 Generation ◽  
Number Of Males ◽  
Coleoptera Tenebrionidae

Spinodad of different concentrations were screened against Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) reared on four local wheat varieties to observed the effects on reproductive potentials for two successive generations.The lowest number of eggs laid was 119 (23.80±0.97) observed in Shatabdi- 21 (S-21) in 45 d in F1 and 15 (3.00±0.71) in 15 d in F2 generation when treated at 0.12ìl/g of spinosad. Spinosad at all concentration totally inhibited egg laying oroviposition rate on day 45 in all wheat varieties except P-24 variety in F1 generation.The lowest fertility was found in Shatabdi-21 variety as 12.61percent in F1 and 6.67 percent in F2 generation at 0.12ìl/g.The latent effect of spinosad on number of eggs, larva, pupa and adult obtained in Shatabdi-21 as 2.00±0.32,0.80±0.37, 0.40±0.40 and 0.20±0.20 at 0.12ìl/g of spinosad in F2 generation.There was no significant difference between the number of males and females in F2 generation wheat varieties. Spinosad ultimately reduced the fecundity, fertility and decreased the egg to adult survivability in four wheat varieties compared to control and F1 and F2 generations. Results of the research revealed that comparatively higher concentrations of spinosad that used in this study would potentially control development and reproductive potentiality of T. castaneum in wheat varieties.

scholarly journals Enhancement of the reproductive potential of Mallada boninensis Okamoto (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), a predator of red spider mite infesting tea: An evaluation of artificial diets

2012 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 281-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duraikkannu Vasanthakumar ◽  
Amsalingam Roobakkumar ◽  
Jasin Rahman ◽  
Pandian Kumar ◽  
Chandran Sundaravadivelan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Artificial Diets ◽  
High Fecundity ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Red Spider Mite ◽  
Significant Difference

Green lacewing Mallada boninensis is an important predator of various soft-bodied arthropods, including red spider mites in tea. Efforts were made to develop mass rearing technology for this predator in a cost effective manner. Three combinations of artificial diets (Protinex (AD1), egg yolk (AD2) and royal jelly (AD3) based) were evaluated in comparison with standard diet (Protinex + Honey). All the tested diets influenced the egg-laying capacity of M. boninensis. The egg yolk-based diet resulted in more egg production than the other two diets. Survival of all life stages of M. boninensis was also observed on each diet and no significant difference was noticed. Results revealed that the egg yolk-based diet is the best of the three diet combinations tested in view of high fecundity and survival rate of M. boninensis.

scholarly journals Effect of ultraprocessed food intake on cardiometabolic risk is mediated by diet quality: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
pp. bmjnph-2020-000225
Author(s):  
Jennifer Griffin ◽  
Anwar Albaloul ◽  
Alexandra Kopytek ◽  
Paul Elliott ◽  
Gary Frost
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Occupational Cohort

ObjectiveTo examine the effect of the consumption of ultraprocessed food on diet quality, and cardiometabolic risk (CMR) in an occupational cohort.DesignCross-sectional.SettingOccupational cohort.Participants53 163 British police force employees enrolled (2004–2012) into the Airwave Health Monitoring Study. A total of 28 forces across the UK agreed to participate. 9009 participants with available 7-day diet record data and complete co-variate data are reported in this study.Main outcome measuresA CMR and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension score were treated as continuous variables and used to generate measures of cardiometabolic health and diet quality. Secondary outcome measures include percentage of energy from fat, saturated fat, carbohydrate, protein and non-milk extrinsic sugars (NMES) and fibre grams per 1000 kcal of energy intake.ResultsIn this cohort, 58.3%±11.6 of total energy intake was derived from ultraprocessed (NOVA 4) foods. Ultraprocessed food intake was negatively correlated with diet quality (r=−0.32, p<0.001), fibre (r=−0.20, p<0.001) and protein (r = −0.40, p<0.001) and positively correlated with fat (r=0.18, p<0.001), saturated fat (r=0.14, p<0.001) and nmes (r=0.10, p<0.001) intake . Multivariable analysis suggests a positive association between ultraprocessed food (NOVA 4) consumption and CMR. However, this main effect was no longer observed after adjustment for diet quality (p=0.209). Findings from mediation analysis indicate that the effect of ultraprocessed food (NOVA 4) intake on CMR is mediated by diet quality (p<0.001).ConclusionsUltraprocessed food consumption is associated with a deterioration in diet quality and positively associated with CMR, although this association is mediated by and dependent on the quality of the diet. The negative impact of ultraprocessed food consumption on diet quality needs to be addressed and controlled studies are needed to fully comprehend whether the relationship between ultraprocessed food consumption and health is independent to its relationship with poor diet quality.

scholarly journals Exploring the relationship between health literacy and fast food consumption: a population-based study from southern Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azam Namdar ◽  
Mohammad Mehdi Naghizadeh ◽  
Marziyeh Zamani ◽  
Ali Montazeri
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Reading Skills ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Fars Province ◽  
Southern Iran ◽  
Fast Food Consumption

Abstract Background Health literacy (HL) may affect the consumption of fast food. We aimed to evaluate the effect of HL on fast food consumption among adult populations in Iran. Methods We evaluated HL and fast food consumption in 421 adult participants with age range of 18–65 years old in Fasa, Fars Province, southern Iran. Two-step cluster and systematic sampling was performed to recruit the study sample. Data were collected using a fast food consumption checklist, and the Health Literacy Instrument for Adults (HELIA) by face-to-face interviews. Population data across groups with and without fast food intake were compared. Results Most participants used fast food every few months (49.9%). People with low or unstable income consumed more fast food than others (P < 0.05). Sandwich and hotdog were the most consumed fast food (60.8%) followed by pizza (34.9%). Sausage and soda were the most seasoning food (66.7%). Most participants used fast food as dinner (67.9%) and with family (72.2%), suggesting the institutionalized consumption of this type of food in the family. Fun was the most frequent reason for the use of fast food (66.5%). Most participants completely knew about the raw materials for fast food and their adverse effects. Finally, we found that overall health literacy was lower among those who used fast food than those who did not. Consumed fast food (68.16 ± 23.85 vs. 73.15 ± 20.15; p = 0.021). This difference was also observed for some components of health literacy including reading skills, and decision-making subscales. Conclusions The findings suggest there is a negative relationship between general health literacy and fast food consumption indicating that who possess lower level of health literacy is likely to consume more fast food. Specifically, the findings suggest that reading skills, and decision-making (behavioral intention) are more associated with decreased or increased fast food intake.

scholarly journals Food consumption and nutritional status of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA): a case of Thika and Bungoma Districts, Kenya

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Nafula Kuria
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

AbstractObjectiveTo establish the food consumption, dietary habits and nutritional status of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) and adults whose HIV status is not established.DesignCross-sectional descriptive survey.SettingThika and Bungoma Districts, Kenya.SubjectsA random sample of 439 adults; 174 adults living with HIV/AIDS and 265 adults whose HIV/AIDS status was not established in Thika and Bungoma Districts.ResultsMajority of PLWHA consume foods that are low in nutrients to build up the immune system and help maintain adequate weight, and there is little variety in the foods they consume. More adults who are HIV-positive are undernourished than those whose status is not established. Of the HIV-positive adults, those with a BMI of ≤18·5 kg/m2 were 23·6 % (Thika 20·0 % and Bungoma 25·7 %) while of the adults whose status is not established those with BMI ≤ 18·5 kg/m2 were 13·9 % (Thika 9·3 % and Bungoma 16·7 %).ConclusionsAdults who are HIV-positive are more likely to be undernourished than those whose status is not established, as there is a significant difference (P = 0·000) between the nutritional status (BMI) of PLWHA and those whose HIV/AIDS status is not established. PLWHA consume foods that are low in nutrients to promote their nutritional well-being and health.

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