scholarly journals Predictors of Blood and Body Fluid Exposure and Mediating Effects of Infection Prevention Behavior in Shift-Working Nurses: Application of Analysis Method for Zero-Inflated Count Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 658
Author(s):  
Jae Geum Ryu ◽  
Smi Choi-Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Count Data ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Mediating Effects ◽  
Prevention Behavior

scholarly journals Occupational exposure to blood/body fluid splash and its predictors among midwives working in public health institutions at Addis Ababa city Ethiopia, 2020. Institution-based cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0251815
Author(s):  
Solomon Shitu ◽  
Getachew Adugna ◽  
Haimanot Abebe
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public Health Institutions ◽  
Health Institutions

Background Blood/body fluid splash are hazards to health care professionals in their working area. Around twenty bloodborne pathogens are known to be transmitted through these occupational injuries. This problem alters the health status of health care professionals in different ways, including physically, mentally, and psychologically. Even though health professionals especially midwives who are working in delivery rooms are highly affected, little is known about the exposure. So, this study was aimed to assess the prevalence of exposure to blood/body fluid splash and its predictors among midwives working in public health institutions of Addis Ababa city. Methods Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted among 438 study participants in public health institutions in Addis Ababa. Data was collected from March 1–20, 2020 by a self-administered questionnaire. The data were entered into Epi data version 3.1 and then exported to SPSS version 24 for analysis. All variables with P<0.25 in the bivariate analysis were included in a final model and statistical significance was declared at P< 0.05. Results In this study, a total of 424 respondents respond yielding a response rate of 97%. The prevalence of blood and body fluid splashes (BBFs) was 198 (46.7%). Not training on infection prevention, working in two shifts (> 12 hours), not regularly apply universal precautions, job-related stress, an average monthly salary of 5001–8000 were independent predictors of blood and body fluid splashes. Conclusion The study revealed that nearly half of midwives were exposed to BBFS. This highlights the need for key stakeholders such as policymakers and service providers to design appropriate policies to avert this magnitude and making the environment enabling to comply with standard precautions. We recommend that this study may be done by including rural setting institutions and by including other health professionals that are susceptible to BBFS at work. Formal training on infection prevention and safety practice to apply universal precautions will be needed from the concerned bodies to prevent exposures to blood/body fluid splash.

scholarly journals Clean and Contain: Initial Development of a Measure of Infection Prevention Behaviors During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 619-625
Author(s):  
Loren L Toussaint ◽  
Alyssa D Cheadle ◽  
Jesse Fox ◽  
David R Williams
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Prevention Behavior ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Identical Factor

Abstract Background The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) offer behavioral guidance to prevent the spread of infectious diseases like COVID-19. Cleaning (e.g., cleaning surfaces, washing and sanitizing hands) and containing (e.g., covering coughs, keeping distance from others, especially sick people) behaviors are recommended. Purpose To develop the Clean and Contain Measure, a brief measure of compliance with CDC recommendations for prevention of infectious disease, and validate the measure in individuals experiencing the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Participants were recruited from Amazon Mechanical Turk and social media. Results In Study 1 (N = 97), exploratory factor analysis revealed two scales: (a) five items assessing cleaning behaviors and (b) four items assessing containing behaviors. Simple structure was obtained and alpha coefficients for both scales were &gt;.83. In Studies 2 (N = 204) and 3 (N = 527), confirmatory factor analysis verified the identical factor structure found in Study 1. All loadings were statistically significant at p &lt; .001. Alpha coefficients for both scales were &gt;.84 for Studies 2 and 3. Conclusions Our measure is a reliable and valid indicator of compliance with cleaning and containing health behaviors that help to prevent the spread of diseases like COVID-19. Future research should replicate construct validity in more diverse samples and continue to refine items, examine construct validity, including predictive and discriminant validity, and improve the measure for future use. With continued use and refinement, this measure could allow health officials and researchers to accurately assess compliance with important infection prevention behavior guidelines.

scholarly journals Knowledge about tuberculosis and infection prevention behavior: A nine city longitudinal study from India

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. e0206245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Huddart ◽  
Thomas Bossuroy ◽  
Vincent Pons ◽  
Siddhartha Baral ◽  
Madhukar Pai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Prevention Behavior

scholarly journals Nursing Students’ Practicums during the COVID-19 Crisis and the Effect on Infection-Prevention Behavior in Students: A Mixed-Method Approach

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (12) ◽  
pp. 1354
Author(s):  
Hiromi Nakagawa ◽  
Hiroyuki Sasai
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Education ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Prevention Education ◽  
Practicum Students ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Prevention Behavior

Background and Objectives: The coronavirus disease pandemic is ongoing. Infection-prevention measures in nursing education (practicum) are essential. However, there are few studies on infection-prevention behaviors among nursing students participating in practicums. We aimed to clarify the effect of practicums during the coronavirus disease crisis on infection-prevention behavior in Japanese nursing students. Materials and Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews with 13 third-year nursing students in Osaka City within one week of their clinical placement training. From the results of the interview analysis, we compiled a questionnaire and surveyed 90 third-year students. We conducted qualitative and quantitative analyses. We used descriptive statistics for the quantitative analysis and the chi-squared test for binary variables. Results: From the qualitative analysis, we identified five categories regarding the awareness of infection-prevention measures: <Acquisition of knowledge and skills in infection-prevention measures during nursing practice>, <Defining the experience in infection-prevention measures>, <Changes in attitude towards infection>, <Changes in infection prevention behavior>, and <infection-prevention measures-related issues>. In the quantitative analysis, the practicum students who attended at least three pre-practicum orientations continued wearing masks during lunch breaks and avoided the three Cs. Conclusions: Students could recall the knowledge and experiences gained from pre-practicum orientations/practicums. This experience created a new awareness of infection-prevention and change of infection-prevention behavior. Infection-prevention education using practicums is important for infection-prevention behavior during this pandemic. However, there should be a much larger-scale study to support these findings in the future.

Stress, coping, and preventing contagion during the SARS-COV2 epidemic in a sample of Mexican adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 135910532098557
Author(s):  
Rosas-Santiago Francisco Javier ◽  
Lagunes-Córdoba Roberto
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Preventive Behaviors ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Prevention Behavior ◽  
Coping Scale ◽  
Mexican Adults ◽  
And Coping

Given the lack of an effective treatment for COVID-19, it is essential to explore the psychological variables involved in the development and maintenance of preventive behaviors during the current epidemic. In this study, we analyze the predictive value of perceived stress (measured with the Perceived Stress Scale) and coping styles (measured with the Extreme Risks Coping Scale) for adhering to infection prevention behavior in a sample of 1132 Mexican adults aged between 18 and 84. A logistic regression analysis showed that Active Coping and Cognition-Focused Coping, in addition to age and being a student, proved to be predictors of adhering to SARS COV2 preventive behaviors ( R2 = 0.282). The findings from this study can be used to design strategies to promote potentially effective epidemic mitigation behaviors.

scholarly journals Association between Preventive Measures against Workplace Infection and Preventive Behavior against Personal Infection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mika Kawasumi ◽  
Tomohisa Nagata ◽  
Hajime Ando ◽  
Ayako Hino ◽  
Seiichiro Tateishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Emerging Infections ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Prevention Behavior ◽  
Personal Understanding ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Objectives: To prevent the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection, it is necessary for each individual to adopt infection prevention behavior. We investigated the effect of infection control measures implemented in the workplace on personal infection prevention behavior. Methods: We conducted a self-administered questionnaire survey through the Internet from December 22 to 25, 2020, during which period COVID-19 was spreading. Among respondents aged 20 to 65 years (n=27,036), a total of 21,915 workers were included in the analysis after excluding self-employed workers (n=2,202), workers in small/home offices (n=377), and agriculture, forestry, and fisheries workers (n=212), etc., whose personal infection prevention behavior was almost the same as infection control measures taken in the workplace. Results: The results showed that as the number of infection control measures in the workplace increased, implementation of infection prevention behavior by individuals also significantly increased. However, the relationship differed depending on the type of personal infection prevention behavior. Specifically, infection control measures against COVID-19 in the workplace may affect personal infection prevention behavior. Conclusion: Implementation of infection control measures in the workplace appears to deepen personal understanding of infection prevention behaviors, and increases awareness of the importance of individual infection prevention behavior and its implementation by all individuals. These findings may be applicable not only to COVID-19 measures but also to responses to other emerging infections and seasonal influenza.

scholarly journals Knowledge Management-Based Nursing Care Educational Training: A Key Strategy to Improve Healthcare Associated Infection Prevention Behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 237796082110446
Author(s):  
Ahsan Ahsan ◽  
Elvira S. Dewi ◽  
Tony Suharsono ◽  
Setyoadi Setyoadi ◽  
Venny G. Soplanit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Pseudomonas Stutzeri ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infection ◽  
Educational Training ◽  
Prevention Behavior ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Introduction Knowledge management-based nursing care has a positive effect in preventing healthcare associated infections (HAIs). Therefore, nursing professionals can utilize key strategies of knowledge management to support clinical decision making, reorganize nursing actions, and maximize patient outcomes. Objectives The aim of this study was to determine the effect of knowledge management-based nursing care educational training on HAI prevention behavior at the High Care Unit (HCU) of Saiful Anwar Hospital Malang. Methods A quasiexperimental design with a pretest, educational training intervention, and posttest were conducted on 15 nurses in the HCU of Saiful Anwar Hospital Malang, which lasted for 16 days. Furthermore, observation of nursing care documentation, nurses’ handwashing compliance, and presence of infection-causing bacteria in the HCU staff and environment (hands rub handle, medical record, and patient's bed) was carried out pre (day 1–7) and post training (day 10–16). Subsequently, educational training related to knowledge management-based nursing care was conducted for 2 days (day 8–9) by the Doktor Mengabdi Team of Universitas Brawijaya. Results The knowledge level and completeness of the nursing care documentation in the HCU room significantly increased after the training ( p < .05). Also, compliance to the six steps five moments of nurses’ handwashing increased after the training ( p > .05). Infection-causing bacteria were found in the HCU environment and staff before and after the training involving Pseudomonas stutzeri, Sphingomonas paucimobilis, Enterobacter cloacae, Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pasteurella pneumotropica, and Acinetobacter lwoffii. Therefore, increased knowledge of HCU nurses and complete documentation ( r = .890; p = .054), increased knowledge of HCU nurses and handwashing compliance ( r = .770; p = .086), and handwashing compliance and bacterial presence ( r = .816; p = .084) all had a positive correlation. Conclusion Knowledge management-based nursing care educational training increased infection prevention behavior in the HCU of Saiful Anwar Hospital Malang.

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