Autonomous Subsea Field Development - Value Proposition, Technology Needs and Gaps for Future Advancement

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgio Arcangeletti ◽  
Matteo Mattioli ◽  
Mark Ausborn ◽  
Dmitri Matskevitch ◽  
Amedeo Marcotulli
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Value Engineering ◽  
Value Proposition ◽  
Full Field ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Conceptual Engineering ◽  
Research Company ◽  
Increasing Demand

Abstract With increasing demand of subsea processing and surveillance goals Best-in-Class Operators are developing advanced subsea instrumentation and controls to challenge in the next decade: i) a cost-effective way to inspect and repair subsea complex facilities and ii) to reduce the downtime, possibly increase the production performance while preserving the integrity and maintenance of the assets. The so called "Autonomous Subsea Field Development" is a study triggered by an ExxonMobil URC (Upstream Research Company) initiative aimed to explore possible improvements and re-designs of subsea equipment considering the advancing capabilities of ROVs and new generation of Subsea Drones, and driven by the following questions: with the advancements in AUVs and ROVs, can subsea equipment be re-designed to take full advantage of the new capabilities? Can this re-design improve from different perspectives (Availability, Costs, Operations, etc.) a subsea field development? A dedicated study was conducted by SAIPEM to identify the value proposition, technology needs and gaps for future advancement by leveraging on the technological "building blocks" that could be integrated in a subsea field development scheme and on a field operational procedure. Within the study, seven different cases, distinguished by their status of advancement (from Brown to Green Fields) and by the level of penetration of Subsea Drones in the architecture, have been analyzed. A conceptual engineering process, based on the tenets of value engineering was conducted in a holistic fashion covering the full field development facilities during the life cycle in order to steer the conceptual engineering choices that could maximize the project value. Using a systemic Value Engineering approach based on the NPV equation, the study identified the main technological and economic impacts coming from the adoption of Subsea Drones on a current and future Digital Subsea Field exploring the following pillars: i) CAPEX, ii) OPEX, iii) AVAILABILITY, and iv) RISK. In the sequence of six cases investigated, it has been identified how these incoming "subsea capabilities" will be gradually implemented into redesigned subsea architecture and serviced in view of a new Life of Field concept.

scholarly journals EPS Conceptual Design for GoM Deepwater Fields

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Choi ◽  
Andrew Kilner ◽  
Hayden Marcollo ◽  
Tim Withall ◽  
Chris Carra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Test System ◽  
Well Test ◽  
Well Performance ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Full Field ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Early Production

To avoid making billion dollar mistakes, operators with discoveries in deepwater (∼3,000m) Gulf of Mexico (GoM) need dependable well performance, reservoir response and fluid data to guide full-field development decisions. Recognizing this need, the DeepStar consortium developed a conceptual design for an Early Production System (EPS) that will serve as a mobile well test system that is safe, environmentally friendly and cost-effective. The EPS is a dynamically positioned (DP) Floating, Production, Storage and Offloading (FPSO) vessel with a bundled top tensioned riser having quick emergency disconnect capability. Both oil and gas are processed onboard and exported by shuttle tankers to local markets. Oil is stored and offloaded using standard FPSO techniques, while the gas is exported as Compressed Natural Gas (CNG). This paper summarizes the technologies, regulatory acceptance, and business model that will make the DeepStar EPS a reality. Paper published with permission.

15K Multistage Fracturing Completion System Addresses Operational Challenges, Improves Production Performance and Cost Savings in Openhole Environments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasim Serdar Rodoplu ◽  
Adegbenga O. Sobowale ◽  
Jon E. Hanson ◽  
Beau R. Wright
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Additional Equipment ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Open Hole ◽  
The Right

Abstract Multistage fracturing (MSF) ball drop completion systems have been utilized around the globe for effectively treating formations completed as open hole and cemented. Multiple, high-rate hydraulic fracturing stages are pumped through these completions while gaining efficiency during pumping operations. A challenge within the industry was developing systems that are capable of higher pressures (greater than 10k psi) while still being able to be deployed in challenging openhole environments with minimum equipment and intervention requirements. This paper will discuss the planning, deployment and fracturing execution operations of an improved version of one of these systems. To be able to effectively utilize any MSF completion system; formation properties, deployment environment, lateral length, openhole size, liner size, and tubing movements during fracturing should be thoroughly analyzed and equally considered. To create a reliable system, another important consideration is how the system will be deployed; a long string to surface, or will it be deployed as part of a liner hanger system? In the case of the latter, it should be compatible with the liner hanger system by accommodating multiple balls to set and release the hanger system and actuate the openhole packers. In tight formation environments, where treating pressure differentials reaches as high as 15,000 psi during fracturing operations, openhole packers that are capable of holding these pressures in challenging openhole conditions are needed. Not only the packers but also the remaining completion system components need to be capable of withstanding, including burst, collapse, and ball-to-ball seat differential while simultaneously accommodating the pressure with cooling and ballooning induced tubing movement caused by these high pressure treatments. Improving such a robust design with innovative solutions, such as dissolvable frac balls that can handle 15,000 psi differential, optimizes the overall process. The completion design, deployment, and subsequent fracturing operations on a well showcases how effective consideration of components operates as a system can create a reliable MSF system. It also demonstrates how close collaboration between reservoir management, production engineering, completion experts, and vendor results in a coordination of efforts that eliminates operational hazards, thus ensuring smooth operations. The successful deployment of an openhole MSF completion system that can handle 15,000 psi with dissolving frac balls and eliminating openhole anchors helped pave the way to deal with tighter formations in an efficient and cost-effective manner. With the help of this new technology, the well planners were able to address operational challenges that would have otherwise required additional equipment or would have limited deployment capabilities. The engineering approach and design to develop this completion system and utilization in the right candidate confirmed the benefit of the novel completion for field development options.

scholarly journals 2D-3D integration of hexagonal boron nitride and a high-κ dielectric for ultrafast graphene-based electro-absorption modulators

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitesh Agarwal ◽  
Bernat Terrés ◽  
Lorenzo Orsini ◽  
Alberto Montanaro ◽  
Vito Sorianello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boron Nitride ◽  
Hafnium Oxide ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Hexagonal Boron Nitride ◽  
Temperature Stability ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
High Quality ◽  
New Device

AbstractElectro-absorption (EA) waveguide-coupled modulators are essential building blocks for on-chip optical communications. Compared to state-of-the-art silicon (Si) devices, graphene-based EA modulators promise smaller footprints, larger temperature stability, cost-effective integration and high speeds. However, combining high speed and large modulation efficiencies in a single graphene-based device has remained elusive so far. In this work, we overcome this fundamental trade-off by demonstrating the 2D-3D dielectric integration in a high-quality encapsulated graphene device. We integrated hafnium oxide (HfO2) and two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) within the insulating section of a double-layer (DL) graphene EA modulator. This combination of materials allows for a high-quality modulator device with high performances: a ~39 GHz bandwidth (BW) with a three-fold increase in modulation efficiency compared to previously reported high-speed modulators. This 2D-3D dielectric integration paves the way to a plethora of electronic and opto-electronic devices with enhanced performance and stability, while expanding the freedom for new device designs.

scholarly journals Analyzing AgriFood-Tech e-Business Models

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5516
Author(s):  
Maro Vlachopoulou ◽  
Christos Ziakis ◽  
Kostas Vergidis ◽  
Michael Madas
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Distribution Channels ◽  
Digital Environment ◽  
Value Proposition ◽  
Business Model Canvas ◽  
Logistics Services ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Online Searches

The agribusiness sector shows tremendous growth and sustainability prospects by exploiting the challenges of “AgriFood-Tech” business models in the digital environment, by encouraging innovation, accelerating institutional and structural change, enhancing productivity, and introducing new products and services to the market. The purpose of this study is to investigate different types of “AgriFood-Tech” digital models and analyze their role in the agribusiness and AgriFood sector. Based on relevant literature research, the authors present and discuss five indicative examples of “AgriFood-Tech” models, using the Business Model Canvas (BMC) framework. The methodology included the analysis of the components of innovative AgriFood innovative business models paradigms, such as distribution channels, key partnerships, customer selection and relationships, financial viability, and value proposition. The goal was to explore their building blocks and the required decisions that create, deliver, and capture value. Our findings highlight the importance of specific features of the models, including online sharing of information between the stakeholders, online searches of agri-products, and logistics services in the agribusiness sector.

Development of efficiency increase methods for water injection

2020 ◽  
pp. 57-60
Author(s):  
K.I. Mustafaev ◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Injection ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Current Interest ◽  
Residual Oil ◽  
Production Well ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Oil Reserves ◽  
Production Wells ◽  
Efficiency Increase

The production of residual oil reserves in the fields being in a long-term exploitation is of current interest. The extraction of residual oil in such fields was cost-effective and simple technological process and is always hot topic for researchers. Oil wells become flooded in the course of time. The appearance of water shows in production wells in the field development and operation is basically negative occurrence and requires severe control. Namely for this reason, the studies were oriented, foremost, to the prevention of water shows in production well and the elimination of its complications as well. The paper discusses the ways of reflux efficiency increase during long-term exploitation and at the final stages of development to prevent the irrigation and water use in production wells.

Gravity Drainage System: Investigation and Field Development Using Geological Modelling and Reservoir Simulation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Obinna Somadina Ezeaneche ◽  
Robinson Osita Madu ◽  
Ishioma Bridget Oshilike ◽  
Orrelo Jerry Athoja ◽  
Mike Obi Onyekonwu
Keyword(s):  
Reservoir Simulation ◽  
Structural Control ◽  
History Matching ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Gravity Drainage ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Proper Understanding ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Reservoir Performance

Abstract Proper understanding of reservoir producing mechanism forms a backbone for optimal fluid recovery in any reservoir. Such an understanding is usually fostered by a detailed petrophysical evaluation, structural interpretation, geological description and modelling as well as production performance assessment prior to history matching and reservoir simulation. In this study, gravity drainage mechanism was identified as the primary force for production in reservoir X located in Niger Delta province and this required proper model calibration using variation of vertical anisotropic ratio based on identified facies as against a single value method which does not capture heterogeneity properly. Using structural maps generated from interpretation of seismic data, and other petrophysical parameters from available well logs and core data such as porosity, permeability and facies description based on environment of deposition, a geological model capturing the structural dips, facies distribution and well locations was built. Dynamic modeling was conducted on the base case model and also on the low and high case conceptual models to capture different structural dips of the reservoir. The result from history matching of the base case model reveals that variation of vertical anisotropic ratio (i.e. kv/kh) based on identified facies across the system is more effective in capturing heterogeneity than using a deterministic value that is more popular. In addition, gas segregated fastest in the high case model with the steepest dip compared to the base and low case models. An improved dynamic model saturation match was achieved in line with the geological description and the observed reservoir performance. Quick wins scenarios were identified and this led to an additional reserve yield of over 1MMSTB. Therefore, structural control, facies type, reservoir thickness and nature of oil volatility are key forces driving the gravity drainage mechanism.

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