Depth of Laser Etching in Green State LTCC

Laser etching of green state LTCC is a useful rapid prototyping and precision manufacturing process. Laser etching allows selective removal of screen printed conductor layer, producing patterns with higher precision than conventional screen printing. Its usefulness for rapid prototyping is due to elimination of time consuming screen preparation process. The etching is performed using a near UV (355 nm), pulsed laser. The process is characterized by three parameters: laser power, pulse frequency, and etching speed. From the practical standpoint, we are interested in finding a combination of parameters which allows for achieving required etching depth at the maximum etching speed. We present an empirical mathematical model relating etching depth to process parameters, allowing to theoretically determine optimum processing parameters for a specified etching depth.

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Electrodeposited Nanocrystalline Nickel Parts

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.201-202.1102 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 201-202 ◽

pp. 1102-1105

Author(s):

Jin Song Chen ◽

Jian Ming Yang

Keyword(s):

Rapid Prototyping ◽

Dimensional Accuracy ◽

Processing Parameters ◽

Nanocrystalline Nickel ◽

Fine Grained ◽

Average Grain Size ◽

Machined Parts ◽

Jet Electrodeposition ◽

Fine Grained Structure ◽

Metallic Parts

The principles of jet electrodeposition orientated by rapid prototyping were introduced , The nanocrystalline nickel parts with simple shape were fabricated using jet electrodeposition oriented by rapid prototyping. The microstructure and phase transformation of nanocrystalline nickel were observed under the scanning microscope and X-ray diffraction instrument . The results show that the successful fabrication of metallic parts demonstrates the potential of the jet electrodeposition process for prototyping technology . The jet electrodeposition can greatly enhance the limited current density, fine crystalline particles and improve deposition quality. The nickel parts prepared by jet electrodeposition own a fine-grained structure( average grain size 25.6nm) with a smooth surface and high dimensional accuracy under the optimum processing parameters..The dimensional accuracy as well as the surface quality of metallic parts and tools manufactured using jet electrodeposition techniques still lag far behind those of conventionally machined parts.

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Parametric Analysis of Laser Beam Percussion Drilling for Thin Titanium Alloy Sheet Using Yb: Yag Fiber Laser

Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Systems ◽

10.1142/s0219686721500153 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-24

Author(s):

Mohit Singh ◽

Sanjay Mishra ◽

Vinod Yadava ◽

J. Ramkumar

Keyword(s):

Laser Beam ◽

Fiber Laser ◽

Pulse Width ◽

Peak Power ◽

Laser Pulses ◽

Pulse Frequency ◽

Alloy Sheet ◽

Power Pulse ◽

The Individual ◽

Percussion Drilling

Laser beam percussion drilling (LBPD) can create high density holes in aerospace materials with the repeated application of laser pulses at a single spot. In this study, one-parameter-at-a-time approach has been used to investigate the individual effect of peak power, pulse width and pulse frequency on geometrical accuracy and metallurgical distortion during LBPD of 0.85[Formula: see text]mm thick Ti–6Al–4V sheet using 200[Formula: see text]W Yb:YAG fiber laser. It has been found that the output parameters behave differently at the higher and lower values of a particular input process. The increase of pulse width from 1 to 1.50[Formula: see text]ms increases hole taper by 20% whereas the same corresponding change from 1.50 to 2.00[Formula: see text]ms reduces the taper by 20%. The increase of pulse frequency from 10 to 50[Formula: see text]Hz reduces hole circularity by 40% but the same proportionate change from 50 to 90[Formula: see text]Hz reduces circularity by 79%. Increase of peak power from 1.70 to 2.0[Formula: see text]kW increases hole taper by 8% but the corresponding increase from 2 to 2.30[Formula: see text]kW is 143%.

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Surface Properties of Laser-etched LTCC Ceramic

International Symposium on Microelectronics ◽

10.4071/isom-2011-wp3-paper1 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 (1) ◽

pp. 000735-000739

Author(s):

Krzysztof Zaraska ◽

Janina Gaudyn ◽

Adam Bieńkowski ◽

Andrzej Czerwiński ◽

Mariusz Płuska

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Surface Properties ◽

Metal Content ◽

Screen Printing ◽

Laser Etching ◽

Photochemical Process ◽

Eds Analysis ◽

Buried Layers ◽

Etched Surface ◽

Metal Layers

In the LTCC process, metal layers are usually deposited by screen printing conductor material on unfired tape substrate. Despite being widely used, this method has certain disadvantages, such as limited resolution of the printing process. An alternative method of producing conductor patterns is to deposit a uniform conductor paste layer on the substrate and the use a Nd:YAG laser to selectively ablate the conductor material, producing a desired pattern. This method allows achieving a higher patterning precision and also eliminates photochemical process of screen preparation, which makes it an attractive choice for rapid prototyping applications. Laser ablation step can be performed either post-firing (for a top conductor layer) or pre-firing (which allows for patterning buried layers). The aim of this paper is to investigate surface properties of LTCC ceramics processed by laser etching. Precision optical imaging and SEM are used to determine etched surface properties, and EDS analysis is used to determine its chemical composition. Effectiveness of conductor removal is investigated by comparing surface resistivity and metal content in raw and etched samples.

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TransPrint: A Method for Fabricating Flexible Transparent Free-Form Displays

Advances in Human-Computer Interaction ◽

10.1155/2019/1340182 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Walther Jensen ◽

Ashley Colley ◽

Jonna Häkkilä ◽

Carlos Pinheiro ◽

Markus Löchtefeld

Keyword(s):

Best Practices ◽

Rapid Prototyping ◽

Inkjet Printing ◽

Screen Printing ◽

Free Form ◽

Assembly Process ◽

Broad Applicability ◽

Require Power

TransPrint is a method for fabricating flexible, transparent free-form displays based on electrochromism. Using screen-printing or inkjet printing of electrochromic ink, plus a straightforward assembly process, TransPrint enables rapid prototyping of displays by nonexperts. The displays are nonlight-emissive and only require power to switch state and support the integration of capacitive touch sensing for interactivity. We present instructions and best practices on how to design and assemble the displays and discuss the benefits and shortcomings of the TransPrint approach. To demonstrate the broad applicability of the approach, we present six application prototypes.

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Study on Microstructure of Laser In Situ Formation of TiBX and TiC Titanium Composite Coatings

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.686.646 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 686 ◽

pp. 646-653 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jing Liang ◽

Sui Yuan Chen ◽

Chang Sheng Liu ◽

Feng Hua Liu

Keyword(s):

Laser Cladding ◽

Composite Coatings ◽

Scanning Speed ◽

Processing Parameters ◽

Pulse Frequency ◽

Hexagonal Prism ◽

Disperse Particles ◽

The Matrix ◽

Cladding Layers

Two kinds of mixed powders:Ti-6Al-4V/B/C and Ti-6Al-4V/B4C which are pre-pasted or synchronized fed on Ti-6Al-4V substrates separately were scanned by a 500W pulsed YAG laser to induce in situ formation of titanium composite coatings contained TiBxand TiC ceramic reinforced phases. The influences of laser processing parameters including Pulse Frequency (PF), Pulse Width (PW), Laser Power (P) and Scanning Speed (V) together with the powder proportions on the microstructure and properties of the coatings were investigated. Microstructures, phase components of the coating were analyzed by OM, SEM, TEM and XRD respectively. Experimental results show that two and more kinds of ceramic reinforcements were in situ formatted in the matrix of Ti-6Al-4V. TiB and TiC ceramics were formed evenly with the morphology of needle, tiny dendrites and disperse particles in the prepasted single path specimens. For the powder feed laser cladding layers, the ceramic reinforcements were TiB (needlelike), TiB2(hexagonal prism or rodlike), a small amount of TiC (disperse particles) and non fully reacted B4C. The microhardness increased with the increase of the amount of B4C and B+C additions. When the added B and C contents are the same, the microhardness of the coating with B4C addition is higher than that of the coating with B+C addition. The average micro-hardness of a powder prepasted (with 20 wt.% B4C addition) multi-path laser cladding layer formed under the optimized processing parameters is up to 800HV, which is more than 2 times of that of the substrate (340Hv), and the wear weight loss of the layer decreased nearly 3 times that of the substrate.

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The Optimal Processing Parameters of Radial Ultrasonic Rolling Electrochemical Micromachining—RSM Approach

Micromachines ◽

10.3390/mi11111002 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 1002

Author(s):

Kailei He ◽

Xia Chen ◽

Minghuan Wang

Keyword(s):

High Efficiency ◽

Electrochemical Machining ◽

Processing Parameters ◽

Pulse Frequency ◽

Performance Criteria ◽

Electrochemical Micromachining ◽

Machining Parameters ◽

Optimal Processing ◽

Predicted Values ◽

Working Parameters

Radial ultrasonic rolling electrochemical micromachining (RUR-EMM) is a new method of electrochemical machining (ECM). By feeding small and rotating electrodes aided by ultrasonic rolling, an array of pits can be manufactured, which is called microstructures. However, there still exists the problem of choosing the optimal machining parameters to realize the workpiece machining with high quality and high efficiency. In the present study, response surface methodology (RSM) was proposed to optimize the machining parameters. Firstly, the performance criteria of the RUR-EMM are measured through investigating the effect of working parameters, such as applied voltage, electrode rotation speed, pulse frequency and interelectrode gap (IEG), on material removal amount (MRA) and surface roughness (Ra). Then, the experimental results are statistically analyzed and modeled through RSM. The regression model adequacies are checked using the analysis of variance. Furthermore, the optimal combination of these parameters has been evaluated and verified by experiment to maximize MRA and minimize Ra. The results show that each parameter has a similar and non-linear influence on the MRA and Ra. Specifically, with the increase of each parameter, MRA increases first and decreases when the parameters reach a certain value. On the contrary, Ra decreases first and then increases. Under the combined effect of these parameters, the productivity is improved. The experimental value of MRA and Ra is 0.06006 mm2 and 51.1 nm, which were 0.8% and 2.4% different from the predicted values.

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Feasibility Study: Investigation of Polymer Nano-Composites (PNC) Material for Biomedical Application via Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) Routes

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.773-774.267 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 773-774 ◽

pp. 267-271

Author(s):

M. Hashim Rahman ◽

Mohd Sallehuddin Yusof ◽

Mohd Halim Irwan Ibrahim ◽

S.A. Osman

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Rapid Prototyping ◽

Polymer Nanocomposites ◽

Biomedical Application ◽

Processing Parameters ◽

Raw Material ◽

Laser Raman Spectroscopy ◽

Synthesis Process ◽

Fused Deposition Modelling ◽

Fused Deposition

Polymer nanocomposites (PNC) have emerged as new materials which can show significantly enhanced mechanical properties over other polymer based materials through the addition of relatively small amounts of nanoscale additives. Rapid prototyping is impacting biomedical in several important ways. This research aims to investigate the potential of using new polymer nanocomposites (PNC) as a raw material for fused deposition modelling machine (FDM). Here, PNCs materials containing a polyamide (PA) and nanoparticles (<5wt%) will be synthesis by mechanical blending using twin extruder compounder to produce 0.85mm diameter of PNC. Dispersion analysis of the nanoparticles in the polymer matrix will be analyzed during the preparation and synthesis process. Futhermore, molecular binding and mixture structure will be investigated by using XPS analysis & Laser Raman Spectroscopy. Material will be characterized for their thermal properties using DSC and processed using FDM, the commercial rapid prototyping (RP) machine. The RP processing parameters will be established and used to produce test specimens to evaluate the mechanical properties of the PNC.

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Contrast Test of KOH Solutions Jet-Assisted Laser Etching on Al2O3 Ceramics

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.472-475.2476 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 472-475 ◽

pp. 2476-2479 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gen Fu Yuan ◽

Wei Zheng ◽

Xue Hui Chen

Keyword(s):

Surface Roughness ◽

Cross Section ◽

Laser Processing ◽

Processing Parameters ◽

Laser Etching ◽

Composite Processing ◽

Regular Shape ◽

Material Sample ◽

Melting Slag

An experimental device of KOH solutions jet-assisted laser etching is designed, Laser-chemical combined etching technology is combined with the Medium-jet erosion processing ,and the influence on the etching capacity and cross section quality of material sample of laser processing parameters,jet processing parameters are studied. The results show that the laser processing parameters and jet processing have a decisive impact on the quality of the workpiece, the composite processing technology can remove most of melting slag which are produced by the laser processing, the surface roughness are effectively reduced. The blind holes of the machined materials have the regular shape.

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Optimization of Processing Parameters for Water-Jet-Assisted Laser Etching of Polycrystalline Silicon

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app9091882 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 1882 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Xuehui Chen ◽

Xiang Li ◽

Chao Wu ◽

Yuping Ma ◽

Yao Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Groove Depth ◽

Processing Parameters ◽

Water Jet ◽

Test Method ◽

Optimal Parameters ◽

Processing Parameter ◽

Laser Etching ◽

Orthogonal Test Method ◽

A Current ◽

Slight Advantage

Liquid-assisted laser technology is used to etch defect-free materials for high-precision electronics and machinery. This study investigates water-jet-assisted laser etching of polysilicon material. The depths and widths of the etched grooves were investigated for different water-jet incident angles and velocities. To select optimal parameters for a composite etching processing, the results of many tests must be compared, and at least one set of good processing parameter combinations must be identified. Herein, the influence of different parameters on the processing results is studied using an orthogonal test method. The results demonstrate that the depths and widths of the processing grooves were nearly identical at water-jet angles of 30°and 60°; however, the 60° incidence conferred a slight advantage over 30° incidence. The section taper, section depth, and surface topography were optimized at a water-jet velocity of 24-m/s, 1.1-ms laser pulse width, 40-Hz frequency, and 180-A current. Under these conditions, the section taper and groove depth were 1.2° and 1.88 mm, respectively. The groove surfaces exhibited no splitting, slagging, or other defects, and no recast layers were visible.

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