scholarly journals Folate deficiency and psycho-organic syndrome in elderly subjects: review of the literature

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Flavio Cursi
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Population ◽  
Active Form ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Memory Deficits ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Organic Brain ◽  
Organic Syndrome ◽  
High Bioavailability

Psychological syndrome is a mental disorder caused by organic brain damage accompanied by cognitive and memory deficits. According to recent estimates of incidence in the elderly population worldwide, this is likely to increase more and more over the next few years; the increase in life expectancy which in itself is a positive result, on the other hand, leads to an increase in the incidence of brain degenerative diseases that in elderly subject need to be addressed through appropriate therapeutic strategies. The lack of folates, as it is at the base of the cascade of events that lead to the development of cardio/cerebrovascular problems, anemia and depression, typical characteristics of the psycho-organic syndrome, becomes a condition that is important to correct. Several epidemiological studies show the efficacy of folates in reducing the clinical expressions typical of the syndrome, in particular the metabolic active form of folic acid, 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, is characterized by high bioavailability and rapidity of action. In clinical practice these peculiarities could be very useful both at the beginning of therapy, when it is important to have a quick and effective response, and in the maintenance, with a reduction of administration.

Some Calculations on the Prevalence of Dementia in Canada

1987 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.R. Jeans ◽  
E. Helmes ◽  
H. Merskey ◽  
J. Mcd. Robertson ◽  
K.A. Rand
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Specific Population ◽  
Observation Scale ◽  
Epidemiology Of Dementia ◽  
Institutionalized Patients ◽  
Prevalence Of Dementia

The epidemiology of dementia in Canada is not known. However, we report figures on the frequency of dementia in institutions in Ontario based upon the use of a multidimensional observation scale for the assessment of the elderly. These findings on institutionalized patients can be extrapolated to the whole elderly population, but the procedure is clearly too conservative by comparison with findings in other countries and in the light of the known occurrence of numbers of demented patients outside institutions. Ratios in different sutidies for the numbers of patients with dementia outside institutions and within institutions range from 1:1 to 6:1. Using a ratio of 2:1 and applying it to age specific population figures, a prevalence of dementia in Canada of 222,324 for those over 65 is obtained with a rate of 9.4% in that age group. When the figures projected in this way are compared with five epidemiological studies for the rate of dementia elsewhere, the Canadian figure which we have obtained ranks fourth out of six. This estimate provides potential figures on which to base the planning of services, provided that the inferential nature of the estimates is fully recognized.

scholarly journals Tobacco use among the elderly: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 2213-2233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeska Marinho ◽  
Jerson Laks ◽  
Evandro Silva Freire Coutinho ◽  
Sergio Luís Blay
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Random Effects Model ◽  
Prevalence Rates

The aim of this study was to combine the results of identified surveys on the prevalence of tobacco use in old age to estimate world prevalence of tobacco use and possible factors related to such behavior among the elderly. The literature search included electronic databases such as MEDLINE, LILACS, and Biological Abstracts, hand-searching of specialist journals and cited reference searches. The combined global prevalence was estimated using the random effects model. The total number of elderly subjects included in all surveys was 140,058, with data available from all the continents. Overall prevalence of tobacco use was 13% in both genders (22% male and 8% female). The prevalence rates were heterogeneous among surveys and were associated with smoking definition, questionnaire application, and country economic status. Few epidemiological studies assessed tobacco use among the elderly. A higher prevalence rate of tobacco use in males who live in higher income countries could be found, although additional evidence regarding elderly samples is still required.

Headache

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-144
Author(s):  
GJF Saldanha ◽  
CG Clough ◽  
N Ward
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Large Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
The Usa ◽  
One Year

Little is known about the frequency of headache in the elderly population as few epidemiological studies have been carried out. In one year in the USA, 70% of the general population had a headache, 5% of whom sought medical attention. In a large population-based study carried out in East Boston, US, some 17% of patients over 65 yrs of age reported frequent headache, with 53% of women and 36% of men reporting headache in the previous year.

scholarly journals Hubungan Status Frailty dengan Serokonversi dan Seroproteksi Vaksin Influenza pada Populasi Usia Lanjut

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 212
Author(s):  
Sukamto Koesnoe ◽  
Ummu Habibah ◽  
Edy Rizal Wahyudi ◽  
Murdani Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Frailty Index ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Elderly Age ◽  
Seroprotection Rate ◽  
Frailty Status ◽  
Hemagglutinin Inhibition

Pendahuluan. Infeksi masih merupakan ancaman yang serius bagi dunia kesehatan saat ini, terutama bagi populasi khusus seperti usia lanjut. Usia dinyatakan sebagai salah satu faktor prediktor dalam keberhasilan vaksinasi. Semakin tua usia seseorang, respon imunnya akan semakin buruk. Respon yang berbeda pada usia lanjut ini diperkirakan karena frailty dan kejadian immunosenescense yang mendasarinya. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan status frailty dengan respon imun pascavaksinasi influenza pada populasi usia lanjut.Metode. Studi kohort retrospektif ini mengambil data dari penelitian induk dengan subjek usia lanjut berusia ≥60 yang tergabung dalam Posyandu Lansia di 4 kelurahan di Kecamatan Pulo Gadung, Jakarta Timur. Status frailty ditentukan berdasarkan kuisoner Frailty Index 40 Items (FI-40). Vaksin Influenza yang dievaluasi adalah vaksin influenza trivalen inaktif. Serokonversi didefinisikan sebagai peningkatan titer inhibisi hemagglutinin sebanyak 4x lipat. Seroproteksi didefinisikan sebagai titer inhibisi hemagglutinin ≥1:40.Hasil. Terdapat 140 subjek penelitian. Tingkat serokonversi vaksin influenza pada kelompok frail, pre-frail dan sehat adalah 37,9%, 39% dan 60%. Tingkat seroproteksi vaksin influenza pada kelompok frail, pre-frail dan sehat adalah 80%, 92,2% dan 94,8% . Risiko relatif (RR) kelompok pre-frail/frail untuk kejadian tidak serokonversi adalah 0,93 (IK 95% 0,72-1,02) dan RR untuk kejadian tidak seroproteksi adalah 1,7 ( IK 95% 0,5-6,2).Simpulan. Tidak ditemukan hubungan antara status frailty dengan serokonversi dan seroproteksi vaksin influenza pada populasi usia lanjut.Kata Kunci: Frailty, pre-frail, frail, serokonversi, seroproteksi, usia lanjut, vaksin influenza  Correlation of Frailty Status with Influenza Vaccine Seroconversion and Seroprotection among Elderly PopulationIntroduction. Infection is still considered as a serious health threat in the world, especially among the elderly. Age was identified as one of the predictor factors for successfull vaccination. Immune response would decrease in older people. A different response in the elderly is expected from frailty and underlying immunosenescense events. This study was conducted to determine the relationship with the Frailty status after the vaccination immune response of influenza in the elderly population. Methods. This retrospective cohort study was conducted using secondary data from the parent study of elderly subjects age ≥60 years who live in the community of Posyandu lansia in Pulo Gadung Region, East Jakarta. Frailty status was stated by Frailty Index 40 Items (FI-40). The influenza vaccine evaluated was the Trivalent Inactivated Vaccine. Seroconversion defined as four fold increase hemagglutinin inhibition titre. Seroprotection defined as Hemagglutinin Inhibition titer ≥1:40. Results. There are 140 subject included in this study. Seroconversion influenza vaccine rate in frail, pre-frail, and robust group are 37.9%, 39%, 60%, respectively. Seroprotection rate in frail, pre-frail, and robust group are 80%, 92.2%, 94.8%, respectively. Relative Risk (RR) pre-frail/frail group for not seroconverted is 0.93 (CI 95% 0.72-1.02), and RR for not seroprotected is 1,7 ( CI 95% 0.5-6.2). Conclussions. There is no association between frailty status and seroconversion nor seroprotection of influenza vaccine in elderly population. Keywords: elderly, frail, influenza vaccine, pre-frail, seroconversion, seroprotection

scholarly journals Causes of Pulmonary Fibrosis in the Elderly

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia López-Ramírez ◽  
Lionel Suarez Valdivia ◽  
Jose Rodríguez Portal
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Epigenetic Changes ◽  
Telomere Attrition ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltrates

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common and most lethal type of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia. It is a chronic, aging-associated lung disease characterized by fibrotic foci and inflammatory infiltrates, with no cure and very limited therapeutic options. Although its etiology is unknown, several pathogenic pathways have been described that could explain this process, involving aging, environmental factors, genomic instability, loss of proteostasis, telomere attrition, epigenetic changes, mitochondrial dysfunction, cell senescence, and altered intercellular communication. One of the main prognostic factors for the development of IPF in broad epidemiological studies is age. The incidence increases with age, making this a disease that predominantly affects the elderly population, being exceptional under 45 years of age. However, the degree to which each of these mechanisms is involved in the etiology of the uncontrolled fibrogenesis that defines IPF is still unknown. Clarifying these questions is crucial to the development of points of intervention in the pathogenesis of the disease. This review briefly summarizes what is known about each possible etiological factor, and the questions that most urgently need to be addressed.

SCAPHOID FRACTURE IN THE ELDERLY: A REVIEW

Hand Surgery ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (02) ◽  
pp. 295-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulrahman Alsawadi ◽  
Jeremy Stanton
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Population ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Scaphoid Fracture ◽  
Trauma Surgery ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Population Group ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Scaphoid Fractures ◽  
The Subject

Although scaphoid fractures are relatively common encounters in orthopaedic and trauma surgery, the demographics of these injuries are not well studied. The classical teaching in the subject limits scaphoid fractures in the age between ten and 60 years (or 70 years in other sources). The incidence or the prevalence of scaphoid fractures in the elderly population is not focused on and not studied or explored. We reviewed the literature for any available epidemiological studies of scaphoid fractures. We also sought the available data of scaphoid fractures in the elderly population in case series and case reports which have relevant data on the subject. Four epidemiological studies, two case series, and one case report are included. We discuss the available data in these articles and conclude that scaphoid fractures in the elderly, although rare, have been reported. However, there are not enough epidemiological studies to draw figures. Ignorance of this proportion of population could result in missed fractures in the elderly. Therefore, we encourage researchers to carry out epidemiological studies of scaphoid fractures with more focus on this population group.

scholarly journals Plasma lutein and zeaxanthin and the risk of age-related nuclear cataract among the elderly Finnish population

2011 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jouni Karppi ◽  
Jari A. Laukkanen ◽  
Sudhir Kurl
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Population ◽  
Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Nuclear Cataract ◽  
Age Related ◽  
History Of

Oxidative stress plays an important role in cataractogenesis. Previous studies have shown that long-term dietary intake of antioxidants (lutein and zeaxanthin) may decrease the risk of age-related cataracts. The aim of the present study was to examine whether plasma concentrations of lutein and zeaxanthin are related to age-related nuclear cataract in the elderly population. Subjects were participants in the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study and they were classified into tertiles according to plasma concentrations of lutein and zeaxanthin. The association of plasma lutein and zeaxanthin concentrations with age-related nuclear cataract in 1689 elderly subjects (aged 61–80 years) was investigated in the present cross-sectional study by using the Cox proportional hazards model. A total of 113 cases of incident age-related cataracts were confirmed, of which 108 cases were nuclear cataracts. After adjustment for age, examination year, sex, BMI, smoking, alcohol consumption, serum LDL-cholesterol, serum HDL-cholesterol, years of education, use of oral corticosteroids, history of diabetes and history of hypertension with current use of antihypertensive medication, subjects in the highest tertiles of plasma concentrations of lutein and zeaxanthin had 42 and 41 % lower risks of nuclear cataract, respectively, compared with those in the lowest tertiles (relative risk (RR) = 0·58, 95 % CI 0·35, 0·98; P = 0·041 for lutein and RR = 0·59, 95 % CI 0·35, 0·99; P = 0·046 for zeaxanthin). In conclusion, we suggest that high plasma concentrations of lutein and zeaxanthin were associated with a decreased risk of age-related nuclear cataract in the elderly population.

scholarly journals Iodine Intake and the Pattern of Thyroid Disorders: A Comparative Epidemiological Study of Thyroid Abnormalities in the Elderly in Iceland and in Jutland, Denmark

1998 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 765-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Laurberg ◽  
Klaus M. Pedersen ◽  
Astradur Hreidarsson ◽  
Nikulas Sigfusson ◽  
Eigil Iversen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Function ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Iodine Intake ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroid ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Thyroid Abnormalities ◽  
Serum Tsh

Thyroid abnormalities are common in all populations, but it is difficult to compare results of epidemiological studies, because different methods have been used for evaluation. We studied the importance of the population iodine intake level for the prevalence rate of various thyroid abnormalities in elderly subjects. Random samples of elderly subjects (68 yr) were selected from the central person registers in Jutland, Denmark, with low (n = 423) and, in Iceland, with longstanding relatively high (n = 100) iodine intake. Females from Jutland had a high prevalence of goiter or previous goiter surgery (12.2%), compared with males from Jutland (3.2%) and females (1.9%) and males (2.2%) from Iceland. Abnormal thyroid function was very common in both areas, with serum TSH outside the reference range in 13.5% of subjects from Jutland and 19% of those from Iceland. In Jutland, it was mainly thyroid hyperfunction (9.7% had low, 3.8% had high serum TSH), whereas in Iceland, it was impaired thyroid function (1% had low, 18% had high serum TSH). All subjects with serum TSH more than 10 mU/L had autoantibodies in serum, but antibodies were, in general, more common in Jutland than in Iceland. Thus, thyroid abnormalities in populations with low iodine intake and those with high iodine intake develop in opposite directions: goiter and thyroid hyperfunction when iodine intake is relatively low, and impaired thyroid function when iodine intake is relatively high. Probably, mild iodine deficiency partly protects against autoimmune thyroid disease. Thyroid autoantibodies may be markers of an autoimmune process in the thyroid or secondary to the development of goiter.

scholarly journals Obesity, A Risk Factor for Mortality in SARS CoV-2 Infection: A Narrative Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sekhar Reddy ◽  
Mohd Ashraf Ganie ◽  
Parvaiz A. Koul ◽  
Tajali Sahar ◽  
Shaista Showkat
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Key Terms

AbstractSARS CoV-2 is a β-coronavirus responsible for the current COVID-19 pandemic. Although there is increase severity and mortality described in the elderly population and people with co-morbidities, all age groups are susceptible to COVID-19. Recent data showed that obesity has also emerged as a significant risk factor for COVID-19 mortality. As per the WHO, most of the world's population lives in countries where obesity is highly prevalent. In this context, we aimed to review various studies that showed obesity as an independent risk factor for mortality in SARS CoV-2 infection. We followed the PRISMA guidelines to search for two databases including PubMed and Google Scholar using the key terms “COVID-19, OBES* and MORTALITY,” SARS CoV-2, OBES* and MORTALITY” “COVID-19, OBESITY, and MORTALITY,” SARS Cov-2, OBESITY and MORTALITY,” respectively, up to August 3, 2020. Twelve studies were finally included in this review after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. All 12 studies included in the review consistently showed that obesity is a risk factor for mortality in patients with SARS CoV-2 infection. These studies have also shown evidence that obesity leads to increased hospitalization, ICU admission, increased need for mechanical ventilation, and poor prognosis among patients with SARS CoV-2 infection. Obesity is an independent risk factor for mortality in patients infected with this novel coronavirus. Appropriate triage, monitoring, and vigilance are required while dealing with individuals with obesity with SARS CoV2 infection, especially in the young obese population. More epidemiological studies need to be done taking BMI also into consideration in COVID-19 patients to find the exact cause of increased severity and mortality and develop appropriate preventive and therapeutic strategies.

Plasma visfatin/nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (visfatin/NAMPT) concentration is not related to kidney function in elderly subjects

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Kocelak ◽  
Magdalena Olszanecka-Glinianowicz ◽  
Aleksander Owczarek ◽  
Maria Bozentowicz-Wikarek ◽  
Aniceta Brzozowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Elisa Method ◽  
End Stage Kidney Disease ◽  
Estimated Gfr ◽  
Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase ◽  
Excretory Function ◽  
End Stage

AbstractStudies assessing plasma visfatin/nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) concentrations in chronic kidney disease with the ELISA method are restricted mainly to subjects with end-stage kidney disease. Therefore, little is known about to what extent glomerular filtration rate (GFR) affects the plasma levels of visfatin/NAMPT. The aim of this study was to assess the relations between circulating visfatin/NAMPT levels and estimated GFR (eGFR), independently of potential confounders such as inflammation, nutritional status, and insulin resistance in the elderly population.The analysis included 3023 elderly subjects (1076 with impaired kidney excretory function – eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 mSimilar plasma visfatin/NAMPT levels were found in subjects with eGFR ≥60 and <60 mL/min/1.73 mThe results of our study suggest that plasma visfatin/NAMPT levels are not affected by impaired kidney excretory function in elderly subjects.

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