scholarly journals Association between Near Work Time and Depression among Workers in South Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 390-394
Author(s):  
Na Rae Jeong ◽  
Seung Hun Lee ◽  
Yun Jin Kim ◽  
Jeong Gyu Lee ◽  
Yu Hyeon Yi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Work Time ◽  
Logistic Analysis ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Near Work ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Analysis

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between near work time and depression. Methods: Data of 1,551 workers aged 19–49 years from the sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were examined. The Patient Health Questionaire-9 scores were used to screen for depression. Participants who scored a total of 10 or above, which is suggestive of the presence of depression, were classified as the depression group; the rest were classified as normal. The correlation between daily near work time and depression was analyzed using multivariate logistic analysis after adjusting for other sociodemographic and health behavior-related variables. Results: Multivariate logistic analysis found that workers with 3 or more hours of near work were more likely to report depression compared to the reference group who had 2 or fewer hours per day of near work (adjusted odds ratio, 2.471; 95% confidence interval, 1.062–5.747). Conclusion: Longer near work time was associated with depression among South Korea’s workers. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce near work time to prevent depression.

scholarly journals Factors associated with the development of ocular candidiasis and ocular prognosis with echinocandin therapy for candidemia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daiki Sakai ◽  
Wataru Matsumiya ◽  
Sentaro Kusuhara ◽  
Makoto Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Logistic Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Analysis ◽  
Systemic Antifungal Therapy

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the factors associated with the development of ocular candidiasis (OC) and ocular prognosis with echinocandin therapy for candidemia. Methods The medical records of 56 consecutive patients with a positive blood culture for Candida species between November 2016 and October 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Information on patient characteristics, isolated Candida species, treatment details for candidemia, and ocular findings were extracted to identify factors associated with OC development. Results The leading pathogen of candidemia was Candida albicans (C.albicans) (41.1%). Of 56 patients, 18 (32.1%) were diagnosed with chorioretinitis, categorized as either probable (8 patients) or possible OC (10 patients). There was no case of endophthalmitis with vitritis. The incidence of probable OC was not significantly different between the groups treated with echinocandins and other antifungal drugs (15.2% vs. 11.1%, p = 1.00). In all probable OC cases, systemic antifungal therapy was switched from echinocandins to azoles, and no case progressed to endophthalmitis. A multivariate logistic analysis revealed that female sex (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 8.93; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09–72.9) and C. albicans (aOR, 23.6; 95% CI, 1.8–281) were independent factors associated with the development of probable OC. Conclusion One-seventh of patients with candidemia developed probable OC. Given the evidence of female and C. albicans as the factors associated with OC development, careful ophthalmologic management is required with these factors, especially in candidemia. Although echinocandins had no correlation with OC development and did not lead to the deterioration of ocular prognosis, further investigation is required.

scholarly journals Association between Serum Liver Enzymes and Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hae Kim ◽  
Mi Han
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Quartile Group ◽  
Normal Alt

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and metabolic syndrome (MS) in the Korean population. A total of 11,587 adults ≥30 years of age and with complete data were selected from Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VI conducted from 2013 to 2015. Normal ALT and AST levels were divided into quartiles, and their associations with MS were assessed by logistic regression analysis. Elevated levels of ALT [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 7.90, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 6.50–9.60] and AST (aOR = 3.81, 95% CI = 3.10–4.74) were both significantly associated with a higher prevalence of MS. The quartile group containing the highest levels of ALT and AST within the normal range also showed an increased risk of MS and its components. Elevated levels of ALT and AST, even within the normal range, were associated with prevalence of MS.

scholarly journals Association of Chocolate Consumption with Hearing Loss and Tinnitus in Middle-Aged People Based on the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2012–2013

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang-Yeon Lee ◽  
Gucheol Jung ◽  
Myoung-jin Jang ◽  
Myung-Whan Suh ◽  
Jun Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
National Health ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Medical Interview ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Tinnitus Questionnaire ◽  
Aged People ◽  
Health And Nutrition

Chocolate, which is produced from cocoa, exerts antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects that ameliorate neurodegenerative diseases. We hypothesized that chocolate consumption would protect against hearing loss and tinnitus. We evaluated the hearing and tinnitus data, as well as the chocolate consumption, of middle-aged participants (40–64 years of age) of the 2012–2013 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. All of the subjects underwent a medical interview, physical examination, audiological evaluation, tinnitus questionnaire, and nutrition examination. A total of 3575 subjects 40–64 years of age were enrolled. The rate of any hearing loss (unilateral or bilateral) in the subjects who consumed chocolate (26.78% (338/1262)) was significantly lower than that in those who did not (35.97% (832/2313)) (p < 0.001). Chocolate consumption was independently associated with low odds of any hearing loss (adjusted odds ratio = 0.83, 95% confidence interval = 0.70 to 0.98, p = 0.03). Moreover, the severity of hearing loss was inversely correlated with the frequency of chocolate consumption. In contrast to chocolate, there was no association between hearing loss and the consumption of sweet products without cocoa. Chocolate consumption was also not associated with tinnitus or tinnitus-related annoyance. Our results suggest that a chocolate-based diet may protect middle-aged people from hearing loss.

scholarly journals Relationship between Self-Reported Sleep Duration and Risk of Anemia: Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2016–2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4721
Author(s):  
Min-Young Chun ◽  
Jeong-hoon Kim ◽  
Ju-Seop Kang
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
National Health ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Health And Nutrition

The importance of sleep has been gaining more and more attention nowadays. It has been widely studied that some major health issues, such as cardiovascular diseases or mortality, are closely related to the extreme ends of sleep durations. Anemia is one of the health problems in modern society. In this study, we aimed to find a relationship between anemia occurrence and sleep duration. Data of 11,131 Korean adults aged 19 years or older were recruited from the 2016–2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and analyzed in this cross-sectional study. ‘Anemia’ was defined in this study by hemoglobin level of <13 g/dL in men and <12 g/dL in women. Selected data were sorted into five groups by sleep duration: <5 h, 5 h ~ <6 h, 6 h ~ <8 h, 8 h ~ <9 h, and ≥9 h per day. We performed multivariate logistic regression analysis to assess the relationship between sleep duration and risk of anemia after adjusting for covariates including age, gender, family income level, education level, physical activity, cigarette smoking, and alcohol usage. Other factors were assessed in the analysis, such as depression, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, stroke, coronary artery disease, malignancy, stress level, and body mass index (BMI). We found that sleep duration of <5 h was related to high risk of anemia (odds ratio = 1.87; 95% confidence interval = 1.01–3.49, sleep duration of 6 h ~ <8 h as the reference group). Also, sleep duration of ≥9 h was related to lower risk of anemia in most premenopausal women after adjusting for covariates (odds ratio = 0.61; 95% confidence interval = 0.38–0.96, sleep duration of 6 h ~ < 8 h as the reference group). Male individuals with sleep durations of <5 h (odds ratio = 2.01; 95% confidence interval =1.05–3.84) and of ≥9 h (odds ratio = 2.48; 95% confidence interval =1.63–3.81) had a significantly higher risk of anemia without covariate adjustment. Postmenopausal women with sleep durations of ≥9 h had a significantly higher risk of anemia (odds ratio =2.02; 95% confidence interval =1.33–3.08) without adjusting for covariates. However, the associations became statistically insignificant after adjusting for age and covariates in both men and postmenopausal women. In conclusion, we found significant associations between extreme ends of sleep duration and risk of anemia in premenopausal Korean women. However, we did not observe strong associations between self-reported sleep duration and anemia risk in men or postmenopausal women.

scholarly journals Interaction of Sex, Age, Body Mass Index and Race on Hypertension Prevalence in the American Population: A Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenhong Zhang ◽  
Qiuzhen Wang ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Enhui Zhao ◽  
Shihan Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Early Prevention ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertension Prevalence ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Intervention Measures

Abstract Background: Hypertension is a major risk factor for many chronic diseases and mortality. We carried out this study aimed to investigate the possible effects of the interaction of sex, age, BMI and race on the prevalence of hypertension. Methods: By using the data of a sample-adjusted 2656 women and 2515 men in the American National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015-2016, we analyzed the interaction of sex, age, BMI and race by logistic regression. Hypertension was defined as an SBP ≥130 mmHg or DBP ≥80 mmHg or taking anti-hypertensive medication. Results: Totally, there were 2776 (53.68%) hypertensive patients. Interactions were found between sex and age, BMI and age, race and age. The adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for age 60-80 (aOR 19.26 [95% CI 14.14–26.23]) and 40 to 59 (4.56 [3.54–5.88]) were significantly higher than the reference group (age 20 to 39) in women, and also in men (6.44 [4.80–8.63]) and (2.84[2.23–3.61]), respectively. And this risk trend was consistent in the BMI group and the race group. Conclusion: Association between obesity and the risk of hypertension varies according to the age and race of the population and age had a stronger effect on hypertension in women than in men. Differences in age and race should be considered when providing corresponding antihypertensive measures. Although the exact mechanism of hypertension remains to be further studied, these findings suggested that early prevention and intervention measures can effectively reduce the risk of hypertension, especially in women.

scholarly journals Association between body mass index and fragility fracture in postmenopausal women: a cross-sectional study using Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008–2009 (KNHANES IV)

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jihan Kim ◽  
Sami Lee ◽  
Sung Soo Kim ◽  
Jong-Pyo Lee ◽  
Jong Sung Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Vertebral Fracture ◽  
Fragility Fracture ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Fragility Fractures ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Obese Group ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Korean Women ◽  
Health And Nutrition

Abstract Background The present study examined the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and the risk for fragility fractures in postmenopausal Korean women. Methods Among subjects who participated in the 4th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2008–2009), 2114 women ≥ 40 years of age were included. BMI was based on standards set by the Korean Society for the Study of Obesity, as follows: < 18.5 kg/m2, underweight; 18.5 ≤ to < 25 kg/m2, normal weight; and ≥ 25 kg/m2, obese. Subjects were also divided into three groups according to the location of fragility fracture: spine, hip, or wrist. Results The mean (± SD) rate of fragility fracture was significantly different among the three groups: 5.9 ± 2.9% (underweight), 1.1 ± 0.3% (normal weight), and 3.0 ± 0.7% (obese) (p = 0.001). After correcting for age, family history, and treatment history of osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis, smoking and drinking status, and level of exercise, multivariable regression analysis revealed that the odds ratio for fragility fracture in the underweight group was 5.48 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.80–16.73] and 3.33 (95% CI 1.61–6.87) in the obese group. After subdividing fragility fractures into vertebral and non-vertebral, the odds ratio for vertebral fracture in the underweight group was 5.49 (95% CI 1.31–23.09) times higher than that in the normal weight group; in the obese group, the non-vertebral fracture odds ratio was 3.87 (95% CI 1.45–10.33) times higher. Analysis of non-vertebral fractures in the obese group revealed an odds ratio for fracture 22.05 (95% CI 1.33–365.31) times higher for hip fracture and 3.85 (95% CI 1.35–10.93) times higher for wrist fracture. Conclusions Obesity and underweight increased the risk for fragility fractures in postmenopausal Korean women.

scholarly journals The Association between Eating-Out Rate and BMI in Korea

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (17) ◽  
pp. 3186
Author(s):  
Hwi Jun Kim ◽  
So Yeon Oh ◽  
Dong-Woo Choi ◽  
Eun-Cheol Park
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Korean Women ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Eating Out

Previous research suggests that adult men consume larger amounts of calories while eating-out than when eating meals prepared at home. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between the daily eating-out rate and body mass index (BMI) in the Korean population. The study used data from 18,019 individuals aged ≥19 years who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) from 2013 to 2016. BMI was measured according to the Asia-Pacific BMI measurement criteria. A multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to examine the validity of the association between the eating-out rate and BMI. In this population, women with higher eating-out rates were found to have higher BMIs. Specifically, the risks of becoming obese or overweight increased among those with a 1%–50% (obesity odds ratio (OR) = 1.28, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09–1.51; overweight OR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.14–1.64) or 51%–100% daily eating-out rate (obesity OR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.24–1.84; overweight OR = 1.50, 95% CI: 1.20–1.87), relative to those who reported never eating-out. By contrast, no statistically significant association between the daily eating-out rate and BMI was observed among men. Notably, we observed positive associations of the daily eating-out rate with obesity and being overweight in South Korean women, but not men. Our findings suggest that education about proper habits when eating-out is needed to prevent obesity.

scholarly journals Influence of Residence Area and Basic Livelihood Conditions on the Prevalence and Diagnosis Experience of Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women Aged over 50 Years: Evaluation Using Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 9478
Author(s):  
Suk-Woong Kang ◽  
Ji-Hee Yang ◽  
Won-Chul Shin ◽  
Yoon-Ji Kim ◽  
Min-Hyeok Choi
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Diagnosis Rate ◽  
Osteoporosis Prevalence

Patients with osteoporosis are asymptomatic and are at risk for fractures. Therefore, early detection and interventions are important. We found that a population with a low socioeconomic status living in rural areas was reported to have a high osteoporosis prevalence but a relatively low diagnosis rate. Research on the disparity of osteoporosis prevalence and treatment from the socioeconomic perspective was conducted. This study aimed to investigate the influence of residence area and basic livelihood conditions on osteoporosis prevalence and diagnosis in postmenopausal women aged over 50 years. The cross-sectional data of 1477 postmenopausal women aged over 50 years obtained from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey V-2 were analyzed. Univariate analyses were performed to calculate the prevalence and diagnosis rate according to risk factor categories. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the influence of residence area and basic livelihood conditions after controlling for other factors. The osteoporosis prevalence in basic livelihood beneficiaries (53.7%) and rural area residents (41.9%) was higher than that in non-beneficiaries (33.1%) and urban area residents (31.8%). There was no significant difference in the diagnosis rates in relation to the basic livelihood conditions or residence areas. The adjusted odds ratio for the prevalence among the beneficiaries living in rural areas was 2.08 (95% confidence interval: 1.06–4.10). However, the odds ratio for diagnosis was not significantly different. Earlier screening examination policies for osteoporosis in postmenopausal women with a low socioeconomic status living in rural areas are needed.

scholarly journals Association of Dietary Patterns and Frailty in Elderly: Data From the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2014–2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1051-1051
Author(s):  
Minji Kim ◽  
Won Jang ◽  
Sojeong Jang ◽  
Yoonjin Shin ◽  
Yangha Kim
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
National Health ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
High Food ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Analysis ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Food Diversity ◽  
Food Variety

Abstract Objectives Proper nutrition is a modifiable factor in preventing frailty, a major problem in aging. This study aimed to investigate the association between dietary patterns and frailty and to identify dietary patterns and food variety. Methods The cross-sectional data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) of 2014–2018 were used. A total of 4,632 subjects aged 65 years or older were finally included in the analysis. Frailty was defined as having three or more of the following five criteria including unintentional weight loss, weakness, waking difficulties, exhaustion and low physical activity. Pre-frail was defined as having one or two criteria. Robust was defined as having none of the criteria. The dietary pattern was derived using factor analysis with the FACTOR procedure and VARIMAX rotation function that maintains uncorrelated factors and increases interpretability. The food variety score (FVS) was defined as the number of food items consumed by each subject during the last 24 h. Results High food variety score showed significantly low odds ratio (OR) for frailty [OR (95% CI) = 0.44 (0.31–0.61), p-trend &lt; 0.0001], in a multi-nominal logistic analysis. Considering the dietary patterns derived from factor analysis, the “white rice and salted vegetables” pattern was related to the lower food diversity, and the patterns of “vegetables, oil, fish” and “noodles, meat” were associated to the higher level of food diversity. Among those dietary patterns, the “vegetables, oil, and fish” pattern was significantly associated with a low risk of frailty [OR (95% CI) = 0.55 (0.40–0.75), p-trend = 0.0002]. Conclusions In conclusion, this study has demonstrated the relationship between dietary patterns and frailty. Also, our findings suggested that dietary patterns with high consumption of vegetables, oil, and fish was associated with high food variety that might be related to decrease the frailty. Funding Sources This research was supported by the BK21 FOUR (Fostering Outstanding Universities for Research) funded by the Ministry of Education (MOE, Korea) and National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF).

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