scholarly journals Verpleging van die geestesvertraagde kind in die gemeenskap

Curationis ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
S.J. Moolman
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skills ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Retarded Child ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
Care Plan ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Multi Disciplinary Team

There is a shift in emphasis in nursing care of the mentally retarded child in the community. Firstly, the child must be identified and then his condition is evaluated, usually by a multi-disciplinary team. A decision must then be made whether the child will be cared for in the community. The nurse assists the parent or guardian in training for independence which includes self-care, use of toilet, personal hygiene, and dressing. Training in various perceptual and motor skills are also included in the nursing care plan. The nurse makes follow-up visits to evaluate progress and adapts the nursing care plan as necessary. She also has an important role in encouraging and guiding the parents. Nursing the mentally retarded child in the community requires specialised knowledge — and a lot of love.

Aversive Control of Bruxism in a Mentally Retarded Child: A Case Study

1981 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 815-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack J. Kramer
Keyword(s):  
Retarded Child ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
Aversive Control

Reduction of audible bruxing by an 8-yr.-old, non-verbal boy was effected from baseline (5 days) in 17 days of treatment at school (a contingent verbal No accompanied by the teacher's finger to the child's jaw). Reduction continued at a 3-wk. follow-up and generalized to the home.

scholarly journals Nursing care plan for patients operated on for Lumbar Herniated Disc at CCOI Frank País

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Disc Herniation ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Disc Herniation ◽  
Lumbar Disc ◽  
The Body ◽  
International Medical ◽  
World Health ◽  
Care Plan ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Medical Attention

Introduction: lumbar disc herniation is as old as mankind. It has been described since ancient times, when man began to adopt the bipedal position and to support the entire weight of the body on his spine. According to the World Health Organization, herniated discs represent a great universal health problem. Objective: To design a care plan for patients operated on for lumbar disc herniation in the International Medical Attention Service (AMI) of the Frank País International Orthopedic Scientific Complex, deepening the knowledge of said pathological entity and identifying the socio-demographic characteristics of the staff, as well as the needs affected in patients during the period 2018-2019. Methodology: Descriptive cross-sectional study at the Frank País International Orthopedic Scientific Complex during the period 2018-2019. The sample was represented by all the nurses who work in the service (N = 13). The following variables were taken into account: age, sex, nursing degree, postgraduate completion, assessment of the physical and emotional needs of the patient, and the actions of the nursing staff to meet the needs. Results: The age of 40 to 45 years predominated (61.5%), 100% belonged to the female sex and all were professionally overcome by training. 61.5% were graduates. The needs in patients operated on for lumbar disc herniation were pain, physical activity and personal hygiene, which were found in all the patients studied. 38.4% of the personnel carried out insufficient actions, this corresponded to those who were technician qualifications. Conclusions: The design of a standardized nursing care plan regulated by the taxonomies NANDA, NIC, NOC, allowed structuring the scientific practice from the assessment to the evaluation of the results in the patient operated on for lumbar disc herniation admitted to the service of International Medical Care.

scholarly journals The Effects on the Family of the Presence of a Mentally Retarded Child

1972 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
John B. Fotheringham ◽  
Mora Skelton ◽  
B.A. Hoddinott
Keyword(s):  
Living Arrangement ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Retarded Child ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
Local Association ◽  
Adoptive Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
Major Shift ◽  
Set Up

This study conceptualizes the presence of a retarded child within a family as constituting a stress which the family attempts to cope with by bringing its resources to bear on the problem. If the stress proves too great for the family's coping mechanism institutionalization may be sought. The Institutional Sample families did not appreciably improve over the year following the removal of their child; while the Community Sample showed signs of deterioration, particularly in the areas of sibling functioning. The follow-up findings could be interpreted in two ways to support alternate biases with regard to hospitalization. Those who are generally against institutionalization for the retarded, believing that young children should remain in their own homes if possible, may view the lack of improvement in the functioning of the institutional families after the child was removed as an indication that these families should be encouraged to remain intact. In order to achieve this goal every effort would need to be made to strengthen, shore up and assist these families to cope with their retarded member or, where necessary, to supply the child with a new home (a foster or adoptive family). Those who generally favour institutionalization for the retarded may interpret the evidence of the decreased functioning of the community families who kept their child at home as supporting the need for the wholesale hospitalization of retarded persons. This was advocated by Goddard in his study of the Kallikaks (10). In the former approach the focus is on the welfare of the retarded child and in the latter the emphasis is on the welfare of the family and society. Is it not possible to stop playing ‘either/or’ and consider both? There are frequent occasions when a child needs to be separated from his family for their benefit or his and where an alternate family (foster or adoptive) cannot be found. Must the choice be between forcing the family to keep him and allowing the family functioning to deteriorate, or removing the child to a large impersonal institution? Lorimer Lodge, which has cared for young retarded women for over a hundred years and also the Harold Lawson Residence for trainable retarded children aged 6–12 years (both operated by the Metropolitan Toronto Association for the Mentally Retarded), the work of Jean Vanier in France and Glen Lowther in Winnipeg on community homes for retarded adults all demonstrate viable alternatives to institutionalization. It is becoming imperative that more adequate and humane alternatives be found than the present impersonal and huge institutions for those retarded persons who require, or could benefit from, an out-of-home living arrangement. This will require a major shift in emphasis, planning and responsibility. At present in Ontario the local Association for the Mentally Retarded is the main moving force in the building of community residences. Considering the magnitude of the need, progress has been slow and such agencies as the Children's Aid Society need to set up residences, possibly in conjunction with the local Association for the Mentally Retarded. This study may be interpreted as supporting the contention that to have a retarded child in the home is an added stress on the family. Follow-up of families who responded to this stress by institutionalizing their retarded children suggests that in many instances this is not the ideal answer to the problem for the family or for the child, but that a more complex variety of solutions is needed.

Effects of Selected Types of Feedback on an Anticipation Timing Task with Moderately Mentally Retarded Children

1984 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-146
Author(s):  
Rita Byde ◽  
Bruce A. McClenaghan
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skills ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Retarded Child ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Timing Task ◽  
Key Press ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Mentally Retarded Children ◽  
Age Range

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of selected types of feedback on the performance of an anticipation timing task by moderately mentally retarded children. Seventeen children, aged 10 to 16 years and classified as moderately mentally retarded (IQ = 44, range 32-54) participated as subjects for this investigation. Subjects were required to perform a key press response in anticipation to the arrival of a stimulus light. Data were analyzed utilizing a 4(treatment) × 2(gender) × 3(group) analysis of variance on the dependent variables. No significant main or interactive effects were found. Several possible explanations may account for these results including, (a) age range of the subjects may have biased the results, (b) the moderately retarded child may have had insufficient motor skills to successfully perform the tasks, (c) the personality characteristics of the subjects prevented them from perceiving their impact on performance, and/or (d) the type of feedback provided may not have been appropriately interpreted by the subjects.

scholarly journals Reflections on elderly autonomy and its meaning for the practice of nursing care

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Spindola Samartini ◽  
Viviane Cristina Cândido
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Self Care ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Self ◽  
Care Plan ◽  
Care Process ◽  
Care For The Elderly

ABSTRACT Objective: To reflect on autonomy in health care, its perspective on the lives of the elderly, and its meaning for the practice of nursing care. Methods: Theoretical essay on the practice of nursing care to promote autonomy and self-care for the elderly. Results: It is necessary to qualify the practice of nursing care to consider the aging process and maintain the autonomy of the elderly. Three parts emerged: “The autonomy of the elderly and the care plan”, “Nursing in the self-care process”, and “Challenges to the practice of caring for the elderly in nursing”. Final considerations: There is still a deficiency in promoting autonomy for the elderly due to the need for a review of the practice of nursing care, which, considering aging in Brazil, needs to undertake new actions in order to encourage self-care and autonomy in this population.

scholarly journals Peningkatan Interaksi Ibu dan Anak Retardasi Mental melalui Pelatihan Bermain Pura-Pura

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Suci Fithriya ◽  
Sri Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Retarded Child ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Third ◽  
Child Interaction ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Test Control

This study aimed to prove the influence of training of playing pretense game in increasing mother’s interaction with her mentally-retarded child. There were eight mothers who have under-five-year children with mental retardation participating in the research. They were randomly chosen. The research design used pre-test and post-test control group. Four mothers belonged to the control group and the other four to the treatment group. The training of playing pretense game with children was conducted in four stages. The first and second stages were done in group while the third and fourth were individual. Mother and child interaction scale was used to measure the differences of the interaction before and after the training. The follow-up research was done thirteen days after the training. The results showed the pretense game played by a mother and her mentally-retarded child can make their interaction become more meaningful. Keywords: mother and mentally-retarded child interaction, pretense game training

THE HOME CARE OF SEVERELY RETARDED CHILDREN

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1958 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 744-755
Author(s):  
K. S. Holt
Keyword(s):  
Home Care ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Emotional Problems ◽  
Retarded Child ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
Emotional Factors ◽  
Mentally Retarded Children ◽  
True Measure ◽  
Mental Defect

A study is reported of the practical and emotional problems found in 201 families with mentally retarded children in Sheffield, England. The families were selected for study solely because they had a retarded child, so that the observations might give a true measure of the incidence of the various disturbances. The main practical problems were nursing care in 14 families (7%), constant supervision in 63 families (31%), and frequent attention at night in 31 families (15%). These problems caused the exhaustion of the mother in 19% of the families and of the father in 5%. The siblings suffered from attacks by the mentally retarded child in 12% of the families, and through helping in 5%. The parents' activities were limited: in 41% of families they were never able to go out together and in 17% they never had a holiday. The retarded child was the cause of extra expense in 59 families (29%). The emotional problems observed were disappointment, guilt, shame and a sense of inadequacy. These reactions led to quarrelling between the parents in 6% of the families. The parents had separated in 5% of the families but usually there were other causes behind these separations. In 10% of the families the siblings showed resentment, and in 5% they were ashamed of the retarded child. The emotional factors led to social isolation in 63% of the families. The place of home care for retarded children is discussed. It is suggested that this can be helped by careful counselling and guidance for the parents, by attention to the needs for practical help, and by reducing the still prevalent stigma against mental defect.

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