scholarly journals Aldicarb poisoning of dogs and cats in Gauteng during 2003

2004 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
R.S. Verster ◽  
C.J. Botha ◽  
V. Naidoo ◽  
O.L. Van Schalkwyk
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Treatment Regimen ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Gauteng Province ◽  
Private Practitioners ◽  
Post Mortem Findings

A survey of aldicarb poisoning in companion animals was conducted by posting questionnaires to all private practitioners in Gauteng Province, South Africa. The survey was designed to determine the percentage of aldicarb cases seen, treatment regimen, clinical signs observed, proposals for preventative actions and more effective treatments. Other questions included duration of treatment, survival rate, cost to clients, post mortem findings and reasons for poisonings

scholarly journals Follow-up survey of the prevalence, diagnosis, clinical manifestations and treatment of Spirocerca lupi in South Africa

2014 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Remo Lobetti
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Seasonal Distribution ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Spirocerca Lupi ◽  
Important Disease

Spirocercosis is an important disease in South Africa. The object of this study was to determine if there had been a change in the prevalence, clinical manifestations and treatment of Spirocerca lupi over a 14-year period. A questionnaire was sent to 577 veterinary practices throughout South Africa in 2012. Of responders, 76% indicated that S. lupi occurred in their area, whilst 24% indicated that it did not; 84% considered S. lupi not to be a new phenomenon, whereas 16% considered it to be new. Monthly or seasonal distribution of the disease was not reported, and 76% of responders reported it to occur in no specific breed of dog, whereas 24% reported a breed risk, most considering large breeds to be at greater risk. No specific age or sex was identified as at higher risk. Common owner complaints were vomiting, weight loss, cough, or regurgitation. Reported clinical findings tended to mirror the clinical signs reported by owners. Most common diagnostic methods used were radiology, endoscopy, faecal flotation, and post mortem examination. Forty-four percent did not report seeing asymptomatic cases, 40% reported asymptomatic cases and 16% did not know. Associated complications were reported by 85% of responders, and included oesophageal neoplasia, hypertrophic osteopathy and acute haemothorax. Four different drugs were used as therapy: doramectin, ivermectin, milbemycin and Advocate®, with 9% of the responders using a combination of these four; 85% considered treatment to be effective and 15% ineffective. Treatment was considered more effective if the disease was diagnosed early and there were no complications. Two important conclusions were that more cases are being seen and that efficacy of therapy has increased, with a decrease in the mortality rate.

scholarly journals Enterocolitis Caused by Ehrlichia sp. in the Horse (Potomac Horse Fever)

1986 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 471-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. O. Cordes ◽  
B. D. Perry ◽  
Y. Rikihisa ◽  
W. R. Chickering
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Potomac Horse Fever ◽  
Incubation Periods ◽  
Mucous Membranes ◽  
Post Mortem Findings

Potomac horse fever was reproduced in 15 ponies by transfusion of whole blood originally from two natural cases and subsequently from ponies infected by the transfusions. Incubation periods varied from 9 to 15 days. Affected ponies developed varying degrees of fever, diarrhea, anorexia, depression, and leukopenia. Eleven affected ponies were killed, three died in the acute phase of the disease, and one did not show clinical signs. The most consistent post-mortem findings were fluid contents in the cecum and large colon, and areas of hyperemia (of inconstant degree and distribution) in mucosae of both small and large intestines. Multifocal areas of necrosis occurred in mucous membranes. Ehrlichial organisms were most common in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells, macrophages, and mast cells of the large colon.

Studies on Tyzzer's disease in rats

1978 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Schaich Fries ◽  
O. Svendsen
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Titre ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Immunofluorescence Technique ◽  
Epidemic Disease ◽  
Breeding Colony ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescence Technique ◽  
Post Mortem Findings ◽  
The Individual

An outbreak of an epidemic disease occurred in a specified-pathogen-free (SPF) breeding colony of rats. The clinical signs and the post-mortem findings were characteristic for Tyzzer's disease. The causative agent, Bacillus piliformis, was demonstrated microscopically in ileum, liver and myocardium, and transmitted to mice where its pathogenicity appeared to be similar to that of another strain isolated from mice. B. piliformis from spontaneously-infected rats was demonstrated by indirect immunofluorescence technique. By means of the same technique it was found that the fluorescence antibody titre obtained of the individual sera from spontaneously-infected mice, rats and rabbits was the same, whether the antigen employed was organisms isolated from rats or mice. By testing sera from healthy rats in 3 different colonies by use of immunofluorescence technique, antibodies were found in several sera.

scholarly journals Enterotoxaemia involving Clostridium perfringens iota toxin in a hysterectomy-derived rabbit colony

1980 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Eaton ◽  
D. S. Fernie
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Toxin A ◽  
Clostridium Perfringens Iota Toxin ◽  
Post Mortem Findings

During an explosive outbreak of fatal enteropathic disease involving Clostridium perfringens iota (i) toxin. a total of 183 deaths occurred in 18 weeks. The clinical signs and post-mortem findings are reported. Examinations for virus, Bacillus piliformis and coccidia were negative. Clostridium perfringens i toxin was detected in 22 of 27 animals examined (81·5%), but clostridia were not isolated. Various treatments wcre attempted. It is concluded that i toxin and the syndrome described are closely related.

scholarly journals Chocolate ingestion-induced non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema in a puppy: a case report

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 109-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
CF Agudelo ◽  
Z. Filipejova ◽  
P. Schanilec
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Oedema ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Small Animals ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Cardiogenic Pulmonary Oedema ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Post Mortem Findings ◽  
First Time

Chocolate intoxication in small animals may be life-threatening and associated with serious morbidity and mortality. The main clinical presentations are cardio-respiratory and neurological complications. One of the most common post-mortem findings is pulmonary oedema which can be a cause of immediate death. We report a case of non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema thought to be triggered by chocolate intoxication in a three-month-old puppy Dachshund dog. To the authors’ knowledge this is the first time such a complication has been reported after chocolate ingestion. The history, clinical signs, diagnostic approach (radiographs, methylxanthine concentrations, electrocardiography and echocardiography), and treatment are described. The effects of a combination of methylxanthines and other triggers of non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema are discussed.    

scholarly journals A case report of an outbreak of coccidiosis in a pig farm at Abeokuta

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 220-223
Author(s):  
S. A. V. Abakpa ◽  
M. I. Takeet ◽  
A. O. Talabi ◽  
I. K. Oyewusi
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Neonatal Piglets ◽  
Counting Technique ◽  
Pig Farm ◽  
Isospora Suis ◽  
Post Mortem Findings ◽  
Haemorrhagic Diarrhoea

An outbreak of coccidiosis was reported in a pig farm housing four boars, six sows, twenty one growers and eleven piglets. Eleven neonatal piglets in two litters of three and five days old were suspected to be involved. Three (27%) out of eleven piglets presented signs of profuse foul smelling diarrhoea and pyrexia, while there was haemorrhagic diarrhoea in one and mortality was 9%. A diagnosis of coccidiosis was made based on the clinical signs, post mortem findings of ulceration and fibrinonecrotic enteritis and laboratory identification of 4,600 coccidial oocysts per gramme of faeces by Mc Master counting technique which were identified as Isospora suis. The two herds were treated with Tripple sulfa-Trim® in drinking water for three days. This medication was effective as the diarrhoea resolved within four days of its onset

scholarly journals Abortions in sheep associated with Arcobacter skirrowii infection

2013 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gareth F. Bath ◽  
Rhoda Leask ◽  
Kenneth P. Pettey ◽  
Debra J. Coetzee
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Vaginal Swab ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
The Past ◽  
Source Of Infection

The history, circumstances, clinical signs, post mortem lesions, morbidity, mortality and laboratory findings are described in an abortion storm in sheep that occurred in Mpumalanga, South Africa, associated with infection with Arcobacter skirrowii. Altogether, about 200 Suffolk Down ewes lost 60 lambs in late pregnancy or at term. Although only three foetuses were submitted for investigation, two had signs consistent with a diagnosis of A. skirrowii infection and the organism was isolated from the placentas of both specimens. No abortions had occurred in previous years, or have subsequently. There were no animal introductions prior to the outbreak that could have indicated a source of infection. One stillborn lamb submitted subsequently had lesions consistent with dystocia, and the history and circumstantial evidence indicated that dystocia had been a factor in several more losses. No ewes or rams had shown signs of diarrhoea or other diseases associated with A. skirrowii infection. Twenty-two faecal, preputial and vaginal swab specimens taken from six rams and 13 ewes after the abortion event were all negative for A. skirrowii. This is the first report of abortions in sheep associated with A. skirrowiiin South Africa. Because the genus Arcobacter is similar to Campylobacter, it is possible that infection has gone unrecognised in the past. Veterinarians and laboratories should take note and include this genus in the list of potential abortifacient organisms. The possible role of Arcobacter species in other diseases like enteritis and mastitis, as well as the potential role as a zoonosis, must be borne in mind.

scholarly journals An unusual presentation of suspected oedema disease of swine in Kenya : case report

1999 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
C.M. Mulei ◽  
T.A. Ngatia
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Gut Contents ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Bacteriological Examination ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Alveolar Collapse ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Post Mortem Findings ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Oedema Disease

From a group of 11 recently weaned pigs, 4 were reported to be sick. Clinical examination of the sick pigs revealed marked dyspnoea, bluish-red discolouration of the skin, incoordination and difficulty in walking. Bacteriological examination of the gut contents of 2 pigs that had died earlier yielded pure cultures of haemolytic Escherichia coli. Post mortem examination of the remaining 2 pigs that died subsequently revealed progressive pulmonary collapse. One of these also showed subcutaneous oedema of the head and marked oedema of the mesentery of the spiral colon and oedema of the brain. Microscopically there was pulmonary alveolar collapse and degenerative changes in the liver.On the basis of the clinical signs, isolation of haemolytic E. coli and the post mortem findings, a diagnosis of oedema disease was made.

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