scholarly journals Towards effective advertising regulation: A comparison of UK, Australian and South African schemes

2002 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Harker ◽  
S. Cassim
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Original Form ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Past ◽  
Advertising Regulation ◽  
Fundamental Process ◽  
Regulatory Approach ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Made In

The regulation of advertising is a controversial and difficult process, and many schemes around the world opt for a self-regulatory approach to curb unacceptable advertising. However, when schemes are established or reformulated, most countries learn from other, more established, regimes. Whilst Australia and South Africa commenced the advertising self-regulation (ASR) process at similar times and based their systems on the UK model, two attempts have been made in Australia over the past three decades to produce more acceptable ads, whilst South Africa’s system has endured in its original form. This paper reviews the ASR systems in these three countries, using a macro framework for analysis which contextualises advertising in society. The systems have the fundamental process of handling complaints about advertising in common, however there are advantages and disadvantages of each and these are discussed with a view to providing some guidance for Australia’s fledgling, reformulated, system. Important insights for the development of regulation of advertising are presented.

The UK Government’s Global Partnership Programme: Its Achievements Over the Past Five Years and Challenges Ahead

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Heyes
Keyword(s):  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Weapons Of Mass Destruction ◽  
Chemical Weapons ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Past ◽  
Global Partnership ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Nuclear Security ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Made In

Through the Global Partnership the UK continues to make a significant contribution to improve national and global security. Over the past year the UK has continued to implement a wide range of projects across the breadth of its Global Partnership Programme. As well as ensuring the Programme is robust and capable of dealing with new challenges, the UK has cooperated with other donor countries to help them progress projects associated with submarine dismantling, scientist redirection, enhancing nuclear security and Chemical Weapons Destruction. The Global Partnership, although only five years old, has already achieved a great deal. Some 23 states, plus the European Union, are now working closer together under the Global Partnership, and collectively have enhanced global regional and national security by reducing the availability of Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) materials and expertise to both states of concern and terrorists. Considerable progress has already been made in, for example: • Improving the security of fissile materials, dangerous biological agents and chemical weapons stocks; • Reducing the number of sites containing radioactive materials; • Working towards closure of reactors still producing weapon-grade plutonium; • Improving nuclear safety to reduce the risks of further, Chernobyl style accidents; • Constructing facilities for destroying Chemical Weapons stocks, and starting actual destruction; • Providing sustainable employment for former WMD scientists to reduce the risk that their expertise will be misused by states or terrorists. By contributing to many of these activities, the UK has helped to make the world safer. This paper reports on the UK’s practical and sustainable contribution to the Global Partnership and identifies a number of challenges that remain if it is to have a wider impact on reducing the threats from WMD material.

scholarly journals An Overview of Some Interlaboratory Studies

Radiocarbon ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
E M Scott ◽  
M S Baxter ◽  
T C Aitchison ◽  
D D Harkness ◽  
G T Cook
Keyword(s):  
International Comparison ◽  
Interlaboratory Comparison ◽  
The Past ◽  
Collaborative Program ◽  
Interlaboratory Studies ◽  
International Collaborative ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Made In

Many interlaboratory studies have been made in the 14C community at irregular intervals over the past ten years. At times, the results from these studies have been contentious, mostly because of the lack of consistency in their findings. The importance of regular exercises has become particularly acute due to the large number of operating laboratories and the diversity of their methodologies. Hence, we briefly review the studies that have been made in the 1980s, focusing on those in which our laboratories participated. These include the 14C Interlaboratory Comparison in the UK (Otlet et al 1980), the International Comparison (ISG 1982, 1983) and the first two parts of the current International Collaborative Program (Scott et al 1989a, b). The development of each study, its findings and shortcomings, are highlighted in order to assess the concordance of the conclusions.

South Africa, SADC, and the European Union: Matching Bilateral with Regional Policies

1995 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Holland
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
South African ◽  
South African Government ◽  
The European Union ◽  
African Government ◽  
The Past ◽  
African Caribbean ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Made In

These comments by South Africa's Minister for Trade and Industry, Trevor Manuel, were made in November 1994 in a speech to the African-Caribbean-Pacific (ACP)—European Union (EU) ministerial meeting in Brussels. Words, of course, can be interpreted in various ways. Contrary to the seeming clarity of Manuel's request, the underlying sub-texts illustrated both the past prevarication of the South African Government and the continuing uncertainty on the part of the EU as to the appropriate shape of a new long-term relationship.

A Review of Relationship between Self-regulation and Reading Comprehension

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 835
Author(s):  
Sanaz Nejadihassan ◽  
Ali Arabmofrad
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Self Regulated Learning ◽  
The Past ◽  
Effective Role ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Made In

Over the past three decades, researchers have found that motivational variables have an effective role in language skills and in academic achievement and success (Khajavi & Abbasian, 2013). An attempt was made in the present research to review the relationship between self-regulation as one of the motivational variables and reading comprehension. Moreover, the present paper is organized in the way that some of the significant notions of self-regulation and cyclical phases, and some models of self-regulated learning Pintrich’s model and characteristics of self-regulated learners will be explained. Then, the notion of reading comprehension and different purposes of reading will be defined. Finally, some empirical studies on the relationship between self-regulation and reading comprehension will be elaborated.

Old objects, new media: Historical collections, digitization and affect

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Newell
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Museum Visitors ◽  
Historical Collections ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Digital Objects ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact

Digital resources mobilized by museums, archives and other cultural heritage institutions are opening up collections and vistas onto the past from an increasing variety of perspectives. Digitization is enabling the juxtaposition of material from far-flung repositories and creating new ways of presenting historical insights as well as new types of historical engagements. New media can allow the assemblage of a multiplicity of voices, accounts, songs, and artworks, among other things – layers of meaning that are hard to capture and present in other formats, and which can be especially helpful in uncovering and accommodating non-Western perspectives. At the same time, the relationship of digital objects to ‘actual artefacts’ requires further consideration. This article investigates the implications of digitizing objects in cultural institutions, and the advantages and disadvantages of this process for those with differing interests in such objects. What are the effects for historical researchers, museum visitors or clan members with special ties to a museum artefact of viewing it on a screen rather than being in the object’s presence, holding, seeing, smelling and hearing it, and connecting with the ancestors or relationships it embodies? Case studies from the UK, Australia and the Pacific are explored to address aspects of the impact of digitization initiatives on museum practice and on people’s engagements with the past, with a focus on the affective qualities of digital objects.

Assessing the Effectiveness of Communication in Organisations: The Communication Audit Approach

1993 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 276-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Owen D. W. Hargie ◽  
Dennis Tourish
Keyword(s):  
Personal Experience ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Communication Performance ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Past ◽  
Systematic Methodology ◽  
Communication Audit ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Audit Approach

Within the past decade there has been an enormous growth of interest in the field of organisational communication. Numerous books, book chapters and journal articles have been devoted to this topic. However, much of this output has been at the level of common sense exhortation, has tended to be anecdotal, or at best has been based upon the personal experience of the authors. Certainly within the UK there has been little hard empirical research into the nature, flow and functions of communication within organisations. This paper proposes the introduction of a much more systematic methodology for the study of such communication, based upon what is known as the ‘communication audit’ approach. This approach is fully explained and the main methods employed in communication audits outlined, together with their relative advantages and disadvantages. It is also pointed out that audits are now widely employed to measure performance in other spheres of the organisation, such as finance, and it is argued that the implementation of this system to measure communication performance is therefore long overdue. The benefits for organisations of carrying out audits are highlighted and suggestions are made about possible future directions for research in this area.

scholarly journals Failure of Responsive Regulation? Pharmaceutical Marketing, Corporate Impression Management and Off-Label Promotion of Enzalutamide in Europe

2020 ◽  
pp. 2631309X2097047
Author(s):  
Shai Mulinari ◽  
Courtney Davis ◽  
Piotr Ozieranski
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Impression Management ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Drug Marketing ◽  
Off Label ◽  
Company Culture ◽  
Regulatory Approach ◽  
Responsive Regulation ◽  
The Uk

“Responsive regulation” has been proposed to offset pharmaceutical industry illicit behavior in areas such as drug marketing based on self-regulation backed up with threats of government sanctions. We explore the efficacy of responsive regulation by tracing recent investigations by the UK pharmaceutical industry self-regulatory authority into the firm Astellas’s illicit promotion of a top-selling prostate cancer drug. Using documentary data, we reveal a ruthless company culture reflected in the illicit, so-called off-label promotion across Europe and the deceptive “impression management” by company managers during the course of investigations in the UK. We argue for a more probing, adversarial and government-led regulatory approach instead of the self-regulatory approach that shields breaching companies from enforcement actions and associated public scrutiny.

Israel and the Socio-Economic Status of South Africa's Jewish Community

1989 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-152
Author(s):  
Jean-Jacques Marmont
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Jewish Community ◽  
Jewish Population ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
The Past ◽  
Made In

During a visit to Kenya in June 1987, Yitzhak Shamir defended Israel's relations with Pretoria by claiming that everyone knows ‘our only interest in ties with South Africa is the existence there of a large Jewish community’. Although most analysts might claim that pragmatism and realpolitik are the sole foundations for Israeli–South African ties, the Prime Minister's explanation is in line with similar authoritative statements made in the past, namely: that Israel's national concerns in its relations with South Africa have been influenced by the collective interests of the latter's Jewish population.

Suicidal Behavior in Black South Africans

Crisis ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lourens Schlebusch ◽  
Naseema B.M. Vawda ◽  
Brenda A. Bosch
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
South African Society ◽  
South Africans ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Black South Africans ◽  
To Come

Summary: In the past suicidal behavior among Black South Africans has been largely underresearched. Earlier studies among the other main ethnic groups in the country showed suicidal behavior in those groups to be a serious problem. This article briefly reviews some of the more recent research on suicidal behavior in Black South Africans. The results indicate an apparent increase in suicidal behavior in this group. Several explanations are offered for the change in suicidal behavior in the reported clinical populations. This includes past difficulties for all South Africans to access health care facilities in the Apartheid (legal racial separation) era, and present difficulties of post-Apartheid transformation the South African society is undergoing, as the people struggle to come to terms with the deleterious effects of the former South African racial policies, related socio-cultural, socio-economic, and other pressures.

Dowagers, Debs, Nuns and Babies: The Politics of Nostalgia and the Older Woman in the British Sunday Night Television Serial

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 769-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estella Tincknell
Keyword(s):  
Older Women ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Mature Female ◽  
Older Woman ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
The Past ◽  
Political Position ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Popular Television

The extensive commercial success of two well-made popular television drama serials screened in the UK at prime time on Sunday evenings during the winter of 2011–12, Downton Abbey (ITV, 2010–) and Call the Midwife (BBC, 2012–), has appeared to consolidate the recent resurgence of the period drama during the 1990s and 2000s, as well as reassembling something like a mass audience for woman-centred realist narratives at a time when the fracturing and disassembling of such audiences seemed axiomatic. While ostensibly different in content, style and focus, the two programmes share a number of distinctive features, including a range of mature female characters who are sufficiently well drawn and socially diverse as to offer a profoundly pleasurable experience for the female viewer seeking representations of aging femininity that go beyond the sexualised body of the ‘successful ager’. Equally importantly, these two programmes present compelling examples of the ‘conjunctural text’, which appears at a moment of intense political polarisation, marking struggles over consent to a contemporary political position by re-presenting the past. Because both programmes foreground older women as crucial figures in their respective communities, but offer very different versions of the social role and ideological positioning that this entails, the underlying politics of such nostalgia becomes apparent. A critical analysis of these two versions of Britain's past thus highlights the ideological investments involved in period drama and the extent to which this ‘cosy’ genre may legitimate or challenge contemporary political claims.

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