scholarly journals Role of bone marrow derived pluripotent stem cells in peripheral nerve repair in adult rats: A morphometric evaluation

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 152-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilesh S. Kurwale ◽  
Vaishali Suri ◽  
Arati Srivastava ◽  
Ashish Suri ◽  
Sujata Mohanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Fibrin Sealant ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Repair Site ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Distal Site

ABSTRACT Objectives: Semi-quantitative and quantitative assessment of the effect of bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells (BM-MNC) on early and late phase of nerve regeneration in rat sciatic nerve model. Materials and Methods: Sciatic nerve transection and repair was performed in 50 inbred female Wistar albino rats divided equally in two groups. In the test group the gap was filled with BM-MNCs obtained from the two male rats and fibrin sealant, while in the control group only fibrin sealant was used. Sciatic nerve was harvested at 15 days and at 60 days interval. Parameters of regeneration were assessed at anastomosis (G), intermediate distal (C), and distal site (A). Semi-quantitative (histopathological) and quantitative (morphometric) parameters were analyzed. Results: At 15 days there was a statistically significant difference found in mean axon diameter, mean nerve thickness and myelin thickness at the repair site (P < 0.05). However, in the distal areas, the axons were sparse and myelin rings were very thin in both the groups. At 60 days, the difference in above-mentioned parameters was statistically significant at the distal most sites. FISH assay confirmed the presence of Y chromosome, confirming the presence of BM-MNCs from the male rats. Conclusions: Transplanting BM-MNC S at the site of peripheral nerve injury leads to significantly better recovery. These differences were evident at the repair site and at the intermediate distal site at 15 days and at the distal most sites at 60 days. With practically no ethical issue regarding their isolation and application, they can be easily used for clinical trials.

scholarly journals Effect of Tramadol on Sperm Profile of Male Albino Rats

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
I. S. Esua ◽  
U. U. Uno ◽  
U. B. Ekaluo
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Sperm Head ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Sperm Viability ◽  
Albino Rat ◽  
Significant Difference

Background and Aim: Tramadol is a potent analgesic effective in the treatment of mild to severe pains. However, the use of the drug can pose a threat to other organs and systems. Therefore, this study evaluated the effect of graded doses of tramadol on sperm profile of male albino rats. Materials and Methods: Eighteen male rats were divided into three groups (A, B and C) using completely randomized design (CRD) with six rats in each group. Rats in group A served as the control group and were given just food and water while groups B and C were given tramadol at 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight (BW) respectively, daily for the period of 65 days. The treatment was administered via oral gavage and at the end of the treatments, the rats were sacrificed. Immediately after sacrifice, a puncture was made in the epididymis with a sterile pin and examined for semen pH. The epididymes were processed for epididymal sperm motility, viability, count and sperm head abnormality. Results: There was no significant difference in the weight of testes and semen pH. Sperm viability, sperm motility, sperm count and weight of epididymes significantly reduced (p<0.05) in tramadol treated animals when compared with the control. Results also indicated statistically significant (p<0.05) increase in sperm head abnormalities in rats treated with tramadol when compared with the control. Conclusion: The results obtained from this study reveal that tramadol has negative effects on weight of epididymes, sperm count, sperm viability, sperm motility and sperm head abnormalities in male albino rat as mammalian models in a dose dependent manner.

scholarly journals The Role of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Regeneration of Sciatic Nerve Injury in Rats

QJM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C R Saba ◽  
S M Abdeltawab ◽  
S M Omar ◽  
A A AboZeid
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Spontaneous Recovery ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Sciatic Nerve Crush ◽  
Group I ◽  
S 100 ◽  
Sciatic Nerves

Abstract Background and Objectives experimentally, peripheral nerve repair can be enhanced by Schwann cell (SC) transplantation but the clinical application is limited by donor site morbidity and the inability to generate a sufficient number of cells. We have investigated whether stem cells, isolated from adipose tissue, can enhance the regeneration of crushed sciatic nerves in adult male albino rats. Materials and Methods we divided our rats into 3 groups of 10 rats each. Group I was the control group. Group II underwent crushing of their left sciatic nerves and were left for spontaneous recovery. Group III underwent crushing of their left sciatic nerves with local transplantation of ASCs around the injured nerve. We then compared the effect of spontaneous recovery versus local injection of ASCs in the regeneration of the nerves. Results The results were evaluated 4 weeks postoperative; sciatic nerves were stained by H&E, and immunohistochemically using S-100. The results showed a significant increase in axonal regeneration with the ASCs treated group compared to the spontaneous recovery one. Conclusion Our results suggested that ASCs have a beneficial role in treatment of peripheral nerve injuries. Keywords ASCs, Sciatic nerve crush injury, S-100

Dose-dependent facilitation of peripheral nerve regeneration by bone marrow–derived mononuclear cells: a randomized controlled study

2012 ◽  
Vol 117 (6) ◽  
pp. 1170-1181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amol Raheja ◽  
Vaishali Suri ◽  
Ashish Suri ◽  
Chitra Sarkar ◽  
Arti Srivastava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Myelin Thickness ◽  
Dose Dependent

Object Bone marrow–derived stem cells enhance the rate of regeneration of neuronal cells leading to clinical improvement in nerve injury, spinal cord injury, and brain infarction. Recent experiments in the local application of bone marrow–derived mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs) in models of sciatic nerve transection in rats have suggested their beneficial role in nerve regeneration, although the effects of variable doses of stem cells on peripheral nerve regeneration have never been specifically evaluated in the literature. In this paper, the authors evaluated the dose-dependent role of BM-MNCs in peripheral nerve regeneration in a model of sciatic nerve transection in rats. Methods The right sciatic nerve of 60 adult female Wistar rats (randomized into 2 test groups and 1 control group, 20 rats in each group) underwent transection under an operating microscope. The cut ends of the nerve were approximated using 2 epineural microsutures. The gap was filled with low-dose (5 million BM-MNCs/100 μl phosphate-buffered saline [PBS]) rat BM-MNCs in one group, high-dose (10 million BM-MNCs/100 μl PBS) rat BM-MNCs in another group, and only PBS in the control group, and the approximated nerve ends were sealed using fibrin glue. Histological assessment was performed after 30 days by using semiquantitative and morphometric analyses and was done to assess axonal regeneration, percentage of myelinated fibers, axonal diameter, fiber diameter, and myelin thickness at distal-most sites (10 mm from site of repair), intermediate distal sites (5 mm distal to the repair site), and site of repair. Results The recovery of nerve cell architecture after nerve anastomosis was far better in the high-dose BM-MNC group than in the low-dose BM-MNC and control groups, and it was most evident (p < 0.02 in the majority of the parameters [3 of 4]) at the distal-most site. Overall, the improvement in myelin thickness was most significant with incremental dosage of BM-MNCs, and was evident at the repair, intermediate distal, and distal-most sites (p = 0.001). Conclusions This study emphasizes the role of BM-MNCs, which can be isolated easily from bone marrow aspirates, in peripheral nerve injury and highlights their dose-dependent facilitation of nerve regeneration.

Effects of topically administered FK506 on sciatic nerve regeneration and reinnervation after vein graft repair of short nerve gaps

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. E5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Azizi ◽  
Rahim Mohammadi ◽  
Keyvan Amini ◽  
Roza Fallah
Keyword(s):  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Vein Graft ◽  
S100 Protein ◽  
Functional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Regenerated Fibers ◽  
Sciatic Nerve Regeneration

Object Despite the development of various nerve coaptation materials and techniques, achievement of desired functional peripheral nerve regeneration is still inadequate, and repair of peripheral nerve injuries is still one of the most challenging tasks and concerns in neurosurgery. The effect of an FK506-loaded vein graft as an in situ delivery system for FK506 in bridging the defects was studied using a rat sciatic nerve regeneration model. Methods A 10-mm sciatic nerve defect was bridged using an inside-out vein graft (IOVG) filled with 10 μl of a carrier-drug dilution (10 ng/ml FK506) in the IOVG/FK506 group. In the IOVG control group, the vein was filled with the same volume of carrier dilution alone. The regenerated fibers were studied 4, 8, and 12 weeks after surgery. Results Functional study confirmed faster recovery of the regenerated axons in the IOVG/FK506 group than in the IOVG group (p < 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between the mean gastrocnemius muscle weight ratios of the IOVG/FK506 and IOVG control groups (p < 0.05). Morphometric indices of regenerated fibers showed that the number and diameter of the myelinated fibers were significantly higher in the IOVG/FK506 group than in the IOVG control group. Immunohistochemical analysis showed more positive immunoreactivity to S100 protein in the IOVG/FK506 group than in the IOVG control group. Conclusions When loaded in a vein graft, FK506 resulted in improvement of functional recovery and quantitative morphometric indices of sciatic nerve. Topical application of this readily available agent offers the benefit of cost savings as well as avoiding the complications associated with systemic administration.

The Impact of Gemcitabine-induced Reproductive Toxicity on The Sperm count and Morphology of Albino Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 357-365
Author(s):  
Bassam Abdulaziz Alahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive System ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Human Dose ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Recovery Group ◽  
Sperm Count And Morphology ◽  
The Impact

Cancer treatments can affect sperm production and a significant percentage of cancer patients may develop permanent azoospermia or severe oligozoospermia after chemotherapy. To investigate the influence of Gemcitabine toxicity on the reproductive system of albino male rats (sperm count and morphology). An experimental animal study conducted in the zoology department, College of Science, King Saud University during the period from June to October 2014 using albino rats (Rattusnorvegicus) (Wistar strain). Males were divided into four different groups (control" 0 mg/kg",7 mg/kg,14 mg/kg, and 21 mg/kg). The reproductive organs, testicles and epididymis decreased in weight and atrophied in most of the animals treated with the drug in various doses. The mean absolute and relative epididymal weights were also significantly decreased. In the drug-effects recovery group, neither the testicles nor the epididymis in the animals treated with the three doses recovered fully normal weight. The testis's efficiency in producing sperm was significantly decreased at all doses. In the recovery group, the testis regained its efficiency, as no significant difference was recorded between the drug-treated groups and the control group. The drug caused complete loss of sperm, in a rat treated with the big dose. Gemcitabine caused a significant increase in the percentage of deformed sperms in all treated animals. Gemcitabine drug has high toxicity on the reproductive system of rats with a dose tenth of human dose, with a massive decrease in the count and quantity of sperm, which means that this drug can have more toxicity effects on human.

scholarly journals Effect of Frankincense Extract on Nerve Recovery in the Rat Sciatic Nerve Damage Model

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaowen Jiang ◽  
Jun Ma ◽  
Qingwei Wei ◽  
Xinxin Feng ◽  
Lu Qiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Dose Group ◽  
High Dose Group ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Significant Difference

This study investigated the effect of frankincense extract on peripheral nerve regeneration in a crush injury rat model. Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: control and frankincense extract low-, medium-, and high-dose groups. At days 7, 14, 21, and 28 following the surgery, nerve regeneration and functional recovery were evaluated using the sciatic functional index (SFI), expression of GAP-43, and the proliferation of Schwann cells (SCs) in vivo and in vitro. At day 7, the SFI in the frankincense extract high-dose group was significantly improved compared with the control group. After day 14, SFI was significantly improved in the medium- and high-dose groups. There was no significant difference in GAP-43 expression among the groups at day 7. However, after day 14, expression of GAP-43 in the high-dose group was higher than that in the control group. Histological evaluation showed that the injured nerve of frankincense extract high-dose group recovered better than the other groups 28 days after surgery. Further, S100 immunohistochemical staining, MTT colorimetry, and flow cytometry assays all showed that frankincense extract could promote the proliferation of SCs. In conclusion, frankincense extract is able to promote sciatic nerve regeneration and improve the function of a crushed sciatic nerve. This study provides a new direction for the repair of peripheral nerve injury.

scholarly journals Can ReGeneraTing Agents Improve Functional Recovery of Transected Peripheral Nerve through a Nerve Gap Bridged with an Artery Graft?

2019 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. e47-e53
Author(s):  
George Alexopoulos ◽  
Leonidas Pavlidis ◽  
Myron Tsagarakis ◽  
Alexandros Delimpaltas ◽  
Antonios Tsimponis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Muscle Weight ◽  
Artery Graft ◽  
Significant Difference

Background The purpose of this study was to use artery grafts filled with CACIPLIQ20 and see if they promote nerve regeneration. Methods Sixty male Wistar rats were used. The rats were randomly divided into four experimental groups (n = 15): transected control group (negative control group [NCG]), sham-operated group (positive control group [SO]) artery graft group filled with saline (AG/NS), and CACIPLIQ20-treated group (AG/CACIPLIQ20). Fifteen rats were used as artery graft donors. In the SO group, the sciatic nerve was dissected from the surrounding tissues and left intact. In the NCG, AG/NS and AG/CACIPLIQ20) groups, a 10-mm gap was created in the left sciatic nerve. In the NCG group, the gap was not bridged with a graft. In the AG/NS group, the gap was bridged with a graft filled with saline. In the AG/CACIPLIQ20 group, the graft was filled with CACIPLIQ20. Walking track analysis was performed at 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks after surgery. At 16 weeks postoperatively, the rats were sacrificed, nerve sections were harvested for histopathology analysis, and the weight ratio of the gastrocnemius muscle was measured. Results There was no significant difference in myelin sheath thickness between the AG/NS and AG/CACIPLIQ20 groups. Muscle weight in the AG/CACIPLIQ20 group was higher but not statistically significant (p = 0.168) compared with the AG/NS group. Also, AG/CACIPLIQ20 mean was better than AG/NS mean, although there was no statistically significant difference (p = 0.605). Conclusion There could be an indication that CACIPLIQ20 improves functional recovery of a transected peripheral nerve through a nerve gap bridged with an artery graft.

scholarly journals Pharmacological evaluation of Vrishya karma (Aphrodisiac activity) of Whole plant of Lavandula bipinnata (Roth) Kuntze

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-533
Author(s):  
Narendra Singh Dhaked ◽  
Mukesh B Nariya ◽  
Acharya R N
Keyword(s):  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Serum Testosterone Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Weight Test ◽  
Annual Herb ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Background: Lavandula bipinnata Roth. of family Lamiaceae known as Kamaraja in Odisha is an erect, strongly fragrant, annual herb with multifaceted ethno medicinal claims to treat, poisons, tooth ache, anxiety, depression, headache, cold and sexual disorder etc. Aim: To study the effect of whole plant of Lavandula bipinnata for its aphrodisiac activity in albino rats. Material Methods: The sexually active male rats were chosen separately and divided into 2 groups; each group consisting of 6 animals and the study was carried by using the suitable animal experimental model. The data generated during the study were analyzed by employing Student’s‘t’ test for paired and unpaired data as applicable to determine significant difference between groups at P<0.05. Results: Lavandula bipinnata showed significant increase in weight of rats in comparison with initial weight. Test drug provided significant increase in mounting frequency, licking, chasing, genital sniffing, in comparison to control group and non-significant increase in mounting latency and serum testosterone level. Conclusion: Lavandula bipinnata whole plant possess significant aphrodisiac activity in test rat model and confirms its traditional claim as an aphrodisiac. 

Facilitated migration of cells from a transected peripheral nerve over collagen fibers: in vivo observations

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 888-889
Author(s):  
Arthur J. Wasserman ◽  
Azam Rizvi ◽  
George Zazanis ◽  
Frederick H. Silver
Keyword(s):  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Collagen Gel ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Guide Tube ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Silicone Tube ◽  
Thin Sections

In cases of peripheral nerve damage the gap between proximal and distal stumps can be closed by suturing the ends together, using a nerve graft, or by nerve tubulization. Suturing allows regeneration but does not prevent formation of painful neuromas which adhere to adjacent tissues. Autografts are not reported to be as good as tubulization and require a second surgical site with additional risks and complications. Tubulization involves implanting a nerve guide tube that will provide a stable environment for axon proliferation while simultaneously preventing formation of fibrous scar tissue. Supplementing tubes with a collagen gel or collagen plus extracellular matrix factors is reported to increase axon proliferation when compared to controls. But there is no information regarding the use of collagen fibers to guide nerve cell migration through a tube. This communication reports ultrastructural observations on rat sciatic nerve regeneration through a silicone nerve stent containing crosslinked collagen fibers.Collagen fibers were prepared as described previously. The fibers were threaded through a silicone tube to form a central plug. One cm segments of sciatic nerve were excised from Sprague Dawley rats. A control group of rats received a silicone tube implant without collagen while an experimental group received the silicone tube containing a collagen fiber plug. At 4 and 6 weeks postoperatively, the implants were removed and fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde buffered by 0.1 M cacodylate containing 1.5 mM CaCl2 and balanced by 0.1 M sucrose. The explants were post-fixed in 1% OSO4, block stained in 1% uranyl acetate, dehydrated and embedded in Epon. Axons were counted on montages prepared at a total magnification of 1700x. Montages were viewed through a dissecting microscope. Thin sections were sampled from the proximal, middle and distal regions of regenerating sciatic plugs.

scholarly journals The Antioxidant Effect of Curcumin and Rutin on Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Experimentally Induced Periodontitis in Hyperglycemic Wistar Rats

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 1332
Author(s):  
Gilda M. Iova ◽  
Horia Calniceanu ◽  
Adelina Popa ◽  
Camelia A. Szuhanek ◽  
Olivia Marcu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Gingival Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimentally Induced

Background: There is a growing interest in the correlation between antioxidants and periodontal disease. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of oxidative stress and the impact of two antioxidants, curcumin and rutin, respectively, in the etiopathology of experimentally induced periodontitis in diabetic rats. Methods: Fifty Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into five groups and were induced with diabetes mellitus and periodontitis: (1) (CONTROL)—control group, (2) (DPP)—experimentally induced diabetes mellitus and periodontitis, (3) (DPC)—experimentally induced diabetes mellitus and periodontitis treated with curcumin (C), (4) (DPR)—experimentally induced diabetes mellitus and periodontitis treated with rutin (R) and (5) (DPCR)—experimentally induced diabetes mellitus and periodontitis treated with C and R. We evaluated malondialdehyde (MDA) as a biomarker of oxidative stress and reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), GSH/GSSG and catalase (CAT) as biomarkers of the antioxidant capacity in blood harvested from the animals we tested. The MDA levels and CAT activities were also evaluated in the gingival tissue. Results: The control group effect was statistically significantly different from any other groups, regardless of whether or not the treatment was applied. There was also a significant difference between the untreated group and the three treatment groups for variables MDA, GSH, GSSG, GSH/GSSG and CAT. There was no significant difference in the mean effect for the MDA, GSH, GSSG, GSH/GSSG and CAT variables in the treated groups of rats with curcumin, rutin and the combination of curcumin and rutin. Conclusions: The oral administration of curcumin and rutin, single or combined, could reduce the oxidative stress and enhance the antioxidant status in hyperglycemic periodontitis rats.

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