scholarly journals Modified Riceberry rice extract suppresses melanogenesis-associated cell differentiation through tyrosinase-mediated MITF downregulation on B16 cells and in vivo zebrafish embryos

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 491
Author(s):  
Teerapat Rodboon ◽  
Sasithorn Sirilun ◽  
Seiji Okada ◽  
Ryusho Kariya ◽  
Thapana Chontananarth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Zebrafish Embryos

Morpholino knockdown of the ubiquitously expressed transmembrane serine protease TMPRSS4a in zebrafish embryos exhibits severe defects in organogenesis and cell adhesion

2011 ◽  
Vol 392 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anke Ohler ◽  
Christoph Becker-Pauly
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Serine Protease ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Zebrafish Embryos ◽  
Tissue Development ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Morpholino Knockdown ◽  
Transmembrane Serine Protease

Abstract Over the past years the members of the type II transmembrane serine protease (TTSP) family have emerged as new players in mammalian biology. TMPRSS4 (transmembrane protease/serine) is overexpressed in several human cancer tissues, promoting invasion, migration, and metastasis. However, the physiological function has not yet been elucidated. Here, we present morpholino knockdown studies targeting TMPRSS4a, a homolog of human TMPRSS4 in zebrafish embryos. By RT-PCR, we could demonstrate an expression of this protease already 5 h post-fertilization, suggesting important functions in the early stages of embryonic development. Indeed, in vivo gene silencing caused severe defects in tissue development and cell differentiation including a disturbed skeletal muscle formation, a decelerated heartbeat, and a degenerated vascular system. Scanning electron microscopy revealed strong defects in epidermal skin organization, with clearly altered cell-cell contacts, resulting in the detachment of keratinocytes from the underneath tissue. The disturbed organogenesis in general is consistent with RT-PCR results which exhibited a ubiquitous expression of TMPRSS4a, predominantly in kidney, skin, heart, and gills. Our results demonstrate the importance of TMPRSS4a in tissue development and cell differentiation. Whether its proteolytic activity is directed towards adhesion molecules or leads to the activation of other proteases needs to be investigated further.

In-vitro- und In-vivo-Wirkung von Schilddrüsenhormon auf das Wachstum von Neuroblastomzellen

1990 ◽  
Vol 29 (03) ◽  
pp. 120-124
Author(s):  
R. P. Baum ◽  
E. Rohrbach ◽  
G. Hör ◽  
B. Kornhuber ◽  
E. Busse
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Neuroblastoma Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Initial Value ◽  
Initial Rise ◽  
Biphasic Effect ◽  
Contrast Microscopy ◽  
Morphological Sign

The effect of triiodothyronine (T3) on the differentiation of cultured neuroblastoma (NB) cells was studied after 9 days of treatment with a dose of 10-4 M/106 cells per day. Using phase contrast microscopy, 30-50% of NB cells showed formation of neurites as a morphological sign of cellular differentiation. The initial rise of the mitosis rate was followed by a plateau. Changes in cyclic nucleotide content, in the triphosphates and in the activity of the enzyme ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) were assessed in 2 human and 2 murine cell lines to serve as biochemical parameters of the cell differentiation induced by T3. Whereas the cAMP level increased significantly (3 to 7 fold compared with its initial value), the cGMP value dropped to 30 to 50% of that of the control group. ATP and GTP increased about 200%, the ODC showed a decrease of about 50%. The present studies show a biphasic effect of T3 on neuroblastoma cells: the initial rise of mitotic activity is followed by increased cell differentiation starting from day 4 of the treatment.

scholarly journals Edelfosine nanoemulsions inhibit tumor growth of triple negative breast cancer in zebrafish xenograft model

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia M. Saraiva ◽  
Carlha Gutiérrez-Lovera ◽  
Jeannette Martínez-Val ◽  
Sainza Lores ◽  
Belén L. Bouzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Xenograft Model ◽  
Skin Barrier ◽  
Zebrafish Embryos ◽  
Biorelevant Media

AbstractTriple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is known for being very aggressive, heterogeneous and highly metastatic. The standard of care treatment is still chemotherapy, with adjacent toxicity and low efficacy, highlighting the need for alternative and more effective therapeutic strategies. Edelfosine, an alkyl-lysophospholipid, has proved to be a promising therapy for several cancer types, upon delivery in lipid nanoparticles. Therefore, the objective of this work was to explore the potential of edelfosine for the treatment of TNBC. Edelfosine nanoemulsions (ET-NEs) composed by edelfosine, Miglyol 812 and phosphatidylcholine as excipients, due to their good safety profile, presented an average size of about 120 nm and a neutral zeta potential, and were stable in biorelevant media. The ability of ET-NEs to interrupt tumor growth in TNBC was demonstrated both in vitro, using a highly aggressive and invasive TNBC cell line, and in vivo, using zebrafish embryos. Importantly, ET-NEs were able to penetrate through the skin barrier of MDA-MB 231 xenografted zebrafish embryos, into the yolk sac, leading to an effective decrease of highly aggressive and invasive tumoral cells’ proliferation. Altogether the results demonstrate the potential of ET-NEs for the development of new therapeutic approaches for TNBC.

Polyphyllin D, a steroidal saponin from Paris polyphylla, inhibits endothelial cell functions in vitro and angiogenesis in zebrafish embryos in vivo

2011 ◽  
Vol 137 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy Yuet-Wa Chan ◽  
Johnny Chi-Man Koon ◽  
Xiaozhou Liu ◽  
Michael Detmar ◽  
Biao Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Zebrafish Embryos ◽  
Steroidal Saponin ◽  
Cell Functions ◽  
Paris Polyphylla ◽  
Polyphyllin D

Metaphase-Based Cytogenetic Approach Identifies Radiation-Induced Chromosome and Chromatid Aberrations in Zebrafish Embryos

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halida Thanveer Asana Marican ◽  
Hongyuan Shen
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Chromosome Aberrations ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Living Organism ◽  
Zebrafish Embryos ◽  
Radiation Induced

Metaphase-based cytogenetic methods based on scoring of chromosome aberrations for the estimation of the radiation dose received provide a powerful approach for evaluating the associated risk upon radiation exposure and form the bulk of our current knowledge of radiation-induced chromosome damages. They mainly rely on inducing quiescent peripheral lymphocytes into proliferation and blocking them at metaphases to quantify the damages at the chromosome level. However, human organs and tissues demonstrate various sensitivity towards radiation and within them, self-proliferating progenitor/stem cells are believed to be the most sensitive populations. The radiation-induced chromosome aberrations in these cells remain largely unknown, especially in the context of an intact living organism. Zebrafish is an ideal animal model for research into this aspect due to their small size and the large quantities of progenitor cells present during the embryonic stages. In this study, we employ a novel metaphase-based cytogenetic approach on zebrafish embryos and demonstrate that chromosome-type and chromatid-type aberrations could be identified in progenitor cells at different cell-cycle stages at the point of radiation exposure. Our work positions zebrafish at the forefront as a useful animal model for studying radiation-induced chromosome structural changes in vivo.

Study of yolk-sac endoderm organogenesis in the chick using a specific enzyme (cysteine lyase) as a marker of cell differentiation

Development ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-174
Author(s):  
Nelly Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Primitive Streak ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
Specific Enzyme ◽  
Cell Proliferation And Differentiation ◽  
Lyase Activity ◽  
Morphological Specialization

The detection of a specific enzyme (cysteine lyase) of the yolk-sac endoderm by a very sensitive method is employed to characterize cell differentiation during the early stages of endoderm organogenesis in the chick. The first cells to contain active cysteine lyase are found in the germ wall at the primitive streak stage. In vivo observations establish a relation between the morphological specialization and organization of endodermal cells, their loss of mitotic activity and the increase in cysteine lyase activity. They suggest an influence of the mesoderm on endoderm differentiation. In vitro experiments confirm the existence in the yolk-sac endoderm of an incompatibility between cell proliferation and differentiation, as well as the action of the mesoderm on both the structural organization of the endoblast and the appearance of cysteine lyase; this last action seems to be due mainly to blood cells; chicken and rabbit blood cells are equally active. The problems of the origin of the endoderm and of the interactions occurring during the organogenesis of the yolk-sac endoderm are discussed.

Vitamin D as Radiosensitizer: A Review in Cell Line -

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 315-324
Author(s):  
Fahmi Radityamurti ◽  
Fauzan Herdian ◽  
Tiara Bunga Mayang Permata ◽  
Handoko Handoko ◽  
Henry Kodrat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Anticancer Agent ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Anti Cancer

Introduction: Vitamin D has been shown to have anti-cancer properties such as antioxidants, anti-proliferative, and cell differentiation. The property of vitamin D as an anticancer agent triggers researchers to find out whether vitamin D is useful as a radiosensitizer. Multiple studies have been carried out on cell lines in various types of cancer, but the benefits of vitamin D as a radiosensitizer still controversial. This paperwork aims to investigate the utilization of Vitamin D3 (Calcitriol) as radiosensitizer in various cell line through literature review.Methods: A systematic search of available medical literature databases was performed on in-vitro studies with Vitamin D as a radiosensitizer in all types of cell lines. A total of 11 in-vitro studies were evaluated.Results: Nine studies in this review showed a significant effect of Vitamin D as a radiosensitizer agent by promoting cytotoxic autophagy, increasing apoptosis, inhibiting of cell survival and proliferation, promoting gene in ReIB inhibition, inducing senescene and necrosis. The two remaining studies showed no significant effect in the radiosensitizing mechanism of Vitamin D due to lack of evidence in-vitro settings.Conclusion: Vitamin D have anticancer property and can be used as a radiosensitizer by imploring various mechanism pathways in various cell lines. Further research especially in-vivo settings need to be evaluated.

scholarly journals Lignans from Bursera fagaroides Affect In Vivo Cell Behavior by Disturbing the Tubulin Cytoskeleton in Zebrafish Embryos

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayra Antúnez-Mojica ◽  
Andrés Rojas-Sepúlveda ◽  
Mario Mendieta-Serrano ◽  
Leticia Gonzalez-Maya ◽  
Silvia Marquina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
In Vivo Model ◽  
Zebrafish Embryos ◽  
Microtubule Cytoskeleton ◽  
Zebrafish Model ◽  
Bioassay Guided Fractionation

By using a zebrafish embryo model to guide the chromatographic fractionation of antimitotic secondary metabolites, seven podophyllotoxin-type lignans were isolated from a hydroalcoholic extract obtained from the steam bark of Bursera fagaroides. The compounds were identified as podophyllotoxin (1), β-peltatin-A-methylether (2), 5′-desmethoxy-β-peltatin-A-methylether (3), desmethoxy-yatein (4), desoxypodophyllotoxin (5), burseranin (6), and acetyl podophyllotoxin (7). The biological effects on mitosis, cell migration, and microtubule cytoskeleton remodeling of lignans 1–7 were further evaluated in zebrafish embryos by whole-mount immunolocalization of the mitotic marker phospho-histone H3 and by a tubulin antibody. We found that lignans 1, 2, 4, and 7 induced mitotic arrest, delayed cell migration, and disrupted the microtubule cytoskeleton in zebrafish embryos. Furthermore, microtubule cytoskeleton destabilization was observed also in PC3 cells, except for 7. Therefore, these results demonstrate that the cytotoxic activity of 1, 2, and 4 is mediated by their microtubule-destabilizing activity. In general, the in vivo and in vitro models here used displayed equivalent mitotic effects, which allows us to conclude that the zebrafish model can be a fast and cheap in vivo model that can be used to identify antimitotic natural products through bioassay-guided fractionation.

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