scholarly journals Magnitude and factors associated with anti-malarial self-medication practice among residents of Kasulu Town Council, Kigoma-Tanzania

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 2457-2461
Author(s):  
Stanley Mwita ◽  
Omary Meja ◽  
Deogratias Katabalo ◽  
Catherine Richard
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medication Practice ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Cost

Background: Anti- malarial self-medication practice in Africa is very common. It is considered as an alternative way for people who cannot afford the cost of health care services. This study was conducted to assess the magnitude and factors associated with anti-malarial self-medication practice among residents of Kasulu Town Council.Materials and methods: The study was a descriptive cross sectional study. Two hundred and eighty consenting respondents were selected by systematic random sampling and interviewed with the aid of a semi structured questionnaire to assess anti-malarial self- medication practice. A p value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant, at 95% confidence interval.Results: Prevalence of anti-malarial self-medication was (69.6%). Majority of the respondents (83.1%) reported that, they did not get better after self- medication. About 36% of the respondents metioned time taken in health facilities as the main factor for self- medication.Conclusion: This study revealed that, self-medication practice is very common among community members in Kasulu district. The main reasons identified for self-medication was long time taken to get treatment in health facilities.Keywords: Anti-malarial, Self- medication, Practice, Kasulu, Tanzania.

scholarly journals Prevalence and factors associated with late antenatal care visit among pregnant women in Lushoto, Tanzania

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Flora Njiku ◽  
Herman Wella ◽  
Adellah Sariah ◽  
Joyce Protas
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
World Health ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Care Services

Background: Adequate utilization of antenatal health care services is associated with improved maternal and neonatal health outcomes. The World Health Organization recommends pregnant women to attend antenatal care services as early as in the first trimester. However, many women due to various reasons fail to meet the recommendations. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with late antenatal booking among pregnant women in Lushoto district of north-eastern Tanzania.Methods: This hospital based cross sectional study involved pregnant women and was conducted in August-September 2015. A standardized questionnaire was used to obtain participants demographic characteristics and obstetrics history. Data analysis was done using (SPSS) and relationship between outcome variables and exposure variable was done using Chi-square test. Multivariate logistic regression was used to measure the association.Results: A total of 240 participants were involved in the study.  Out of these, 169 (70.4%) participants booked late for antenatal care (ANC) services. Delayed booking was mainly associated with not being married (AOR=3.08; 95%CI 1.149-8.275; P value=0.025) and unemployment (AOR=4.28; 95% CI 2.11-8.679; p-value=0.000)Conclusion:  Late first antenatal clinic visit was high in Lushoto, and was highly associated with unmarried and unemployment status. Therefore, provision of continuous health education and community sensitization on the importance of timely seeking ANC services should be strengthened.

scholarly journals Magnitude of self-medication practice and the associated factors among adult household members living in western region, Tanzania

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mussa S. Manhyabili ◽  
George M. Bwire ◽  
Lubinza Maziku ◽  
Mecky .I. N. Matee
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Education ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medication Practice ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Household Members

Abstract Background: Self-medication practice (SMP) is the use of medication without the prescription of health care professionals. The major problems associated with self-medication practice have been drug resistance, drug side effects, wastage of resources, and serious health hazards including death. This study was conducted to assess the magnitude and factors associated with self-medication practice among adult household members in Shinyanga Municipal Council (SMC).Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in SMC, in September and October 2020. A multistage cluster random sampling was used to select study participants. Variables such as socio-demographic factors and reasons for SMP were summarized using frequencies and percentages. Chi square and logistic regression test were used to identify factors associated with SMP. All statistics were done using SPSS version 25.Results: In total 422 adult household members were studied, the magnitude of SMP among adult household members in SMC was 86%. The major symptom of illness that lead to SMP were headache 75(38.9%), fever 71 (37%) and cough 52 (27.1%) while paracetamol 84(43.8%), Ampiclox 30 (15.5%) and artemether lumefantrine 25 (13%) were the commonly used drugs. Perceptions of illness as mild 141(38.8%)and previous experience of self-medication138(38%) were the reasons for SMP. Participants who did not complete secondary education were seven times more likely to practice SMP as compared to those who had university education (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] =7.136, 95%CI=1.447-35.180, P=0.016). Participants with average household income (AHI) (<180,000 TSH=<78USD) were less likely to practice SMP compared to those with AHI (B 180,000Tsh) (aOR = 0.424, 95%CI = 0.214 – 0.840, P = 0.014).Conclusion: The magnitude of SMP in Shinyanga Municipal was found to be high.SMP was significantly associated with level of education and average monthly household income. Strengthening of the community’s awareness on the side effects of SMP including antimicrobial resistance in the study area is recommended.

scholarly journals Self-medication practice and associated socio-demographic variables among adult in Morang district of Miklajung rural municipality

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 570
Author(s):  
Aassmi Poudyal ◽  
Susmita Nepal
Keyword(s):  
Wealth Quintile ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Self ◽  
P Value ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural Municipality ◽  
Medication Practice ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Background: Self-medication is the selection and use of medicine to treat self-recognized illness. The study’s main purpose was to evaluate the self-medication practice and its associated socio-demographic factors.Methods: A cross-sectional study design was conducted in the Miklajung rural municipality of Morang district. A total of 408 households were selected by systematic random sampling. Participants from age 19-59 years old who had self-medicated for acute diseases in the last three months were included in the study. A semi-structured questionnaire was used as a tool to collect information regarding self-medication. All data extracted from questionnaires were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20, for the association chi-square test was done.Results: The overall prevalence of self-medication practice in last three months was 61.5%. The most common acute disease for self-medication was common cold 70.5%. More than 50 % of participants had used painkillers as medicine which was brought from the pharmacy, and the source of information on medicine was obtained from pharmacists. The main reason for self-medication practice was due to respondents perceiving illness as minor and cost of health services. The self-medication practice was found associated with occupation, marital status and wealth quintile with p value 0.01, 0.04 and 0.02 respectively.Conclusions: The study revealed a high prevalence of self-medication practice among the adult. There was an association between self-medication practice and socio-demographic factors. People should be educated about the risk and benefit of self-medication practice.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Maternal Deaths in a Hard-To-Reach Marginalized Rural Community of Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Animesh Biswas ◽  
Abdul Halim ◽  
Abu Sayeed Md. Abdullah ◽  
Fazlur Rahman ◽  
Sathyanaraynan Doraiswamy
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Tea Garden

Every year in Bangladesh, approximately 5200 mothers die (172 maternal deaths/100,000 live births) due to maternal complications. The death rate is much higher in hard-to-reach areas and underprivileged communities, such as Bangladesh’s tea gardens. The women living in the tea garden areas are deprived of quality health care services due to inadequate knowledge, education, and access to health care services. Poverty and early marriage, followed by early pregnancy, are also triggering factors of maternal deaths in this community. This study explored the factors associated with maternal deaths in the underprivileged tea garden community in the Moulvibazar district of Bangladesh. It was a cross-sectional study conducted between January and March 2018. All maternal deaths reported by government health care providers in two sub-districts of Moulvibazar during 2017 were selected for community verbal autopsy using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive analysis was performed on quantitative data, and content analysis was performed on qualitative data. A total of 34 maternal deaths were reported in the two sub-districts in 2017, among which 15 deaths (44%) occurred in the tea garden catchment areas, where about 34% people live in the two upazilas. The majority of the mothers who died in the tea gardens delivered their babies at home (80%), many of whom also died at home (40%). Only 27% of women who died in the tea gardens received four or more antenatal care visits. Post-partum hemorrhage was found to be the leading cause of death (47%), followed by anemia (33%) and eclampsia (20%). There is a persistent high maternal mortality observed in the marginalized tea gardens, as compared to the general community of the Moulvibazar district, Bangladesh. The sustainable development goal (SDG) that has been set for maternal mortality rate (MMR) is 70/100,000 live births in Bangladesh. The findings of our study show that focused intervention is needed to reduce the burden of maternal deaths, which will improve the overall maternal health situation and also reach the SDG on time.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Predictors of Self-Medication Practice Among Teachers’ Education Training College Students in Amhara Region, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abebe Basazn Mekuria ◽  
Eshetie Melese Birru ◽  
Melkamu Teshome Tesfa ◽  
Mestayet Geta ◽  
Zemene Demelesh Kifle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Inappropriate Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Amhara Region ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medication Practice ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Education Training

Background: Self-medication practice is the use of medications without healthcare professional requests. It can lead to inappropriate medication usage, wastage of resources, increased chance of microbial resistance, and adverse drug reactions. Therefore, this study aimed at assessing the prevalence and associated factors of self-medication practice among teachers’ education training college students in the Amhara region, Ethiopia.Methods: A multicentre cross-sectional study was conducted on 344 teachers’ education training college students in the Amhara region, Ethiopia, from January 1 to February 28, 2020. Data on sociodemography, the practice of self-medication, and factors associated with self-medication practice were collected through a self-administered structured questionnaire. Systematic random sampling was used to select participants. Descriptive statistics and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were done to determine various variables and factors associated with self-medication practice.Results: Out of the 344 respondents, 234 (68.0%) practiced self-medication. The most commonly cited indication for self-medication practice was headache (75, 32.05%), followed by abdominal discomfort (53, 22.6%). The respondents who were older than 26 years of age (AOR: 2.47, 95% CI: 1.18–3.94), were in the third year of study (AOR: 3.14, 95% CI: 1.94–5.79), lived in urban residence (AOR: 2.97, 95% CI: 1.06–3.64), had accessibility to a nearby pharmacy (AOR: 2.12, 95% CI: 1.43–4.46), and had peer/family pressure (AOR: 2.34, 95% Cl: 1.53–3.56) were significantly associated with self-medication practice.Conclusion: More than two-thirds of the study participants practiced self-medication. Being from an urban area, having access to a private pharmacy, and higher year of study positively affect self-medication practice.

scholarly journals Nutritional status and factors associated with non-institutionalized people over 75 years of age

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 1007-1012 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Pilar Molés Julio ◽  
Aurora Esteve Clavero ◽  
María Loreto Maciá Soler
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Positive Perception ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Frail Elderly People ◽  
Self Assessed Health ◽  
Use Of Health Care ◽  
Overall Health Status

ABSTRACT Objective: to determine the factors related to the risk of malnutrition in a non-institutionalized population over 75 years of age. Method: a cross-sectional study was conducted using a questionnaire in a sample of 326 individuals over 75 years of age in Castellón (Spain), during 2015, and selected through intentional sampling. Results: Malnutrition prevalence was 2.8%. 26.9% of the individuals were at risk of malnutrition, whereas women presented a higher rate (31.5%). Women with a good overall health status showed a lower rate than men, 55% and 69%, respectively. Individuals that showed a lower risk of malnutrition are those with a positive perception than those who have a good overall health. Frail elderly people showed a higher risk of malnutrition (57.5%) compared to non-frail subjects (20.2%) p< 0.001. Conclusion: Frail women, self-assessed health, overall health, and use of health care services (nursing consultation) were related to a higher risk of malnutrition.

scholarly journals Direct and indirect cost of managing Alzheimer’s disease in the Islamic Republic of Iran

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Aajami ◽  
Abbas Kebriaeezadeh ◽  
Shekoufeh Nikfar
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Health Care Service ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Services ◽  
The Cost

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) affects a large number of adults annually all around the world. The monetary cost of this disorder is huge. This study aims to estimate the cost of AD in Iran by considering stages of disease. Methods: A cross-sectional study was designed from July to December 2017 on 300 AD cases who referred to the Iran Alzheimer’s Association, Tehran, Iran. To calculate costs at different stages of disease, patients were assigned into three groups, based on the MiniMental State Exam (MMSE) score. A list of medicines’ prices and health care service costs were prepared. Health care services’ cost was acquired from the book of “Relative value units of health care services in Iran” and the price of medicines was extracted from "Iran’s medicine triple prices list". Patients’ medical records and face to face interview with their caregivers were used for data collection. The perspective of present research was societal. Results: Annually, per person cost of AD in mild, moderate, and severe stages of disease were 434 United States dollars (USD), 1313 USD, and 2480 USD, respectively. Direct non-medical costs (DNMC) had the greatest share of total costs (near half of the whole costs) including 263 USD, 641 USD, and 1257 USD for mild, moderate, and severe stages, respectively. Conclusion: The cost of AD in Iran is lower than the average cost of dementia in upper middle-income countries. In all stages, the biggest part of the cost is associated with patient care and nursing services because patients suffering from AD usually require specialized cares. 

A study on the proportion of hearing impairment among percussionists in Thrissur district of Kerala

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 816
Author(s):  
Jubina Bency A. T. ◽  
Sarangi . ◽  
Sebastian Roy ◽  
Shalu Sara Mathew ◽  
Shamseena A. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hearing Ability ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Mild Degree

Background: Hearing loss is a cause of global concern. Percussionists are exposed to greater levels of continuous or intermittent noise than others. Little is known about the relationship between percussion activity and hearing impairment. The early detection of the same and subsequent management makes a significant reduction in the burden of health care services. The objective was to study the proportion of hearing impairment in percussionists in the district of Thrissur using an IOS based mobile application.Methods: A cross sectional study was done on percussionists from Thrissur district who has experience of more than five years and has no congenital or traumatic hearing loss. A predesigned semi structured questionnaire was given and hearing tests were done using a mobile application U hear in a sound proof setting to understand the current state of hearing ability amoung the percussionists.Results: A total of 39 subjects were involved in our study of which all were males. Mean age of our study population was 30.44+12.04. most of them were diagnosed with at least mild degree of hearing loss of one of the ear or both the ears. 15.4% of them had mild degree of hearing loss, 64.1% had moderate degree of hearing loss and 20.5% had severe hearing loss.Conclusions: The study shows percussionists are more exposed to sounds of various frequencies for longer duration, they are more prone to hearing loss. The study brought out that age is directly proportional to hearing loss, music induced hearing loss progress at a rate proportion to the work experience. 

scholarly journals Medico-social Profile of Women Experiencing Menopausal Syndrome Attending a Periurban Hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 179-183
Author(s):  
Saria Tasnim ◽  
FH Anamul Hoque ◽  
Summyia Nazmeen
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Services ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Family Relationship ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Menopausal Syndrome ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Nutritional Characteristics ◽  
History Of

Women’s health is a global concern now a days. Studies on issues relating to menopause is lacking Bangladesh and those been conducted mainly focus on physical and psychological symptoms around the time of menopause. This cross sectional study was done to explore the sociomedical context and nutritional characteristics of a group of women approaching menopause A total 106 women aged 45-60 years attending Gynae outpatient department of a tertiary hospital between March- May, 2013 was interviewed using structured questionnaire after obtaining informed written consent. Height and weight was measured using standardized procedure. Data analysed using SPSS. Mean age was 50.3± 5.3 years, about 75.5% were between 45-50 years, 85.1% had more than 2 children and 72.6% had history of Abortion. Mean age at menopause 44.65 ± 6.4 years, range 32-58 yrs. Mean BMI was 25± 4.2 and 43.4% were overweight or Obese. Chronic illness like hypertension and arthritis was present in (15.09%) and diabetes mellitus in 10.3% . The family relationship with children was good in 78.09%, husband was reported caring in 72.3% and 2.8% receive abusive behavior from husband. Only 8.5% were self earning, 24.5% and & 17.9% were dependent on children and husband respectively. With increasing life expectancy and improvements of health care services there is greater chance of survival for a women beyond menopause. Sociocultural and medical characteristics of midlife women is important to explore their specific health needs. Ensuring quality of life for this special group of women will help to better utilize their potential for development of the country.J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2017; 35(4): 179-183

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