Nutritive contents of Allanblackia floribunda Oliv. (Guttiferae) forage in sylvopastoralism in southeastern agroecological zone of Nigeria

1970 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.I. Onyenso ◽  
K.A. Nwobodo ◽  
A.M. Yakubu
Keyword(s):  
Water Availability ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Good Source ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Cross River ◽  
Cross River State ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Rivers State ◽  
Agroecological Zone

Nutrition is one of the major constraints to livestock production in the tropics. This research aimed at assessing the nutritive contents of Allanblackia floribunda leaves from different sylvopastoralism locations in the southeastern agroecological zone of Nigeria: Ikwuano L.G.A. in Abia state, Ikom L.G.A. in Cross River state and Eleme L.G.A. in Rivers State. Leaf samples were analysed in the laboratory to determine their nutritive contents. The results of the proximate, minerals and vitamins analysis of Allanblackia floribunda leaves from Ikwuano, Ikom and Eleme as follows; crude protein: 9.51%, 8.46%, 9.86%; fat: 4.64%, 3.69%, 4.19%; Crude fibre: 17.32%, 15.24%, 17.12%; ash: 5.26%, 4.10%, 4.50%; carbohydrate: 0.46%,0.41%, 0.46% and moisture: 10.07%, 9.90%, 9.60%. For the mineral contents, calcium:14.70mg/100g,14.6970mg/100g, 15.37mg/100g; magnesium: 11.20 mg/100g, 11.33 mg/100g, 10.40 mg/100g; phosphorus: 287.88 mg/100g, 280.53 mg/100g, 290.05 mg/100g; potassium: 217.67 mg/100g, 219.12 mg/100g, 220.13 mg/100g and sodium: 21.07 mg/100g, 21.70 mg/100g, 20.67 mg/100g. For the vitamins, vitamins C: 15.25 mg/100g, 11.73 mg/100g, 14.66 mg/100g; thiamine: 0.04 mg/100g, 0.06 mg/100g, 0.04 mg/100g; riboflavin: 0.06 mg/100g, 0.06 mg/100g, 0.04 mg/100g; niacin: 0.18 mg/100g, 0.22 mg/100g, 0.16 mg/100g. The Anova results showed significant differences (p<0.05) in the proximate, minerals and vitamins contents, and such could reflect the variation in the types of soil and water availability in the areas. Generally, Allanblackia floridunda leaves are good source of forage for livestock. Keywords: Nutritive contents, Allanblackia floribunda leaves, sylvopastoralism, southeastern agroecological zone

scholarly journals Comparative Study on the Biochemical Composition of the Flesh of Egeria radiata (Bivalvia: Donacidae) and Crassotrea rhizophorea (Perecypode: Lameillebrachia) of the Cross River State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Opeh, Patience Bassey
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Biochemical Profile ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Cross River ◽  
Cross River State ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nutritional Benefits

The food and mineral contents of flesh of the two bivalve species (Egeria radiata and Crassostrea rhizophorea) of Cross river, Nigeria were investigated. The study revealed that the moisture content of E. radiata and C. rhizophorea was 52.46% and 54.01%, crude protein was 24.37% and 20.49%, fat was 9.03% and14.22%, crude fibre was 0.01% and 1.30%, ash was 1.43% and 9.05%, carbohydrate was 12.7% and 2.23% and energy was 229.58J and 218.84J. The mineral content of E. radiata and C. rhizophorea  showed a significant difference (P<0.05) in Ca+, Na+, K, Mg, while the Zn, Pb, Cu, Fe, P and Mn were similar (P>0.05). Based on the findings of this study, biochemical profile of E. radiata is high in nutrients and is suitable for human consumption. Therefore, concerted efforts should be made to enlighten the populace on the increased nutritional benefits of consuming E. radiata.

scholarly journals Chemical analysis of fodder climbers found in Sunsari district, Nepal

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
T. N. Mandal ◽  
T. P. Gautam
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Local Information ◽  
Slight Variation ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Mineral Contents

Altogether 19 fodder climbers were collected with local information for their quality, feeding season and preference by livestock from Sunsari district, Nepal. Fodder climbers were distributed under 15 angiospermic families. Among them, 6 climber species were analyzed for dry matter, crude protein, ether extract, crude fibre, N-free extract, total ash and mineral contents (K, Ca, and P). Dry matter content ranged from 24.12 to 45.43%. Crude protein content showed slight variation. Ether extract ranged from 2.13- 4.23%, while Crude fiber content ranged between 18.62 and 22.52%. N-free extract showed narrow variation in the content while Total ash content exhibited a wide variation ranging from 5.67 to 11.52%. Among the minerals, Phosphorus showed distinct variation in the content from 0.19 to 0.46%. Fodder quality assessed by local people was compared with the result of chemical composition. On the basis of local information and chemical composition, Hedera nepalensis and Hedyotis scandens were considered as very good fodder climbers.

scholarly journals Development of Buckwheat Cookies Supplemented with Wheat Flour

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
Nisar Hussain ◽  
Javid Ullah ◽  
Ehsan Elahi ◽  
Sajjad Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Zakaria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Flour ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Fibre Content ◽  
Composite Flour ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
C 50 ◽  
Crude Fibre Content ◽  
Buckwheat Flour

The present study was conducted to develop buckwheat cookies supplemented with wheat flour.Buckwheat and wheat flour were examined for their proximate composition. Buckwheat flour contained11.6% moisture, 15.79% crude protein, 1.81% crude fat, 1.83% ash, 0.70% crude fibre content and 68.27%NFE, while wheat flour contained moisture content 13.12%, crude fibre content 1.93%, crude fat 1.42%,crude protein content 12.53%, ash content 1.57% and 69.43% NFE, respectively. Wheat flour was incor-porated into buckwheat flour at 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50% ratio to make composite flour and the developedcookies were analysed for quality evaluation. Supplementation of wheat flour significantly influenced theproximate and mineral composition of buckwheat flour based cookies. Moisture contents, crude fibrecontents and NFE (Nitrogen Free Extract) increased, whereas crude fat, crude protein and ash contentsdecreased. Mineral contents (Fe, Ca, K, Zn and Mg) of developed buckwheat cookies decreased withincrease in wheat flour supplementation levels. Sensory characteristics of supplemented cookies increasedwith increase in supplementation levels of wheat flour and were acceptable by judges in terms of test,colour, texture and overall acceptability. Cookies developed from C 50% C supplementation level of wheatflour got maximum scored points while C0 control C0 was found to be more nutritious and gluten freehaving more crude protein and mineral contents when compared to supplemented cookies.

scholarly journals Accessing the nutritional composition and phytochemical screening of Panicum maximum and Newbouldia laevis leaves

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-167
Author(s):  
A. O. Yusuf ◽  
O. S. Sowande ◽  
O. M. Sogunle ◽  
V. A. Akinbami ◽  
O. O. Oyebanji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Animal Production ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
The Tropics

Ruminant livestock in most parts of the tropics graze extensively on naturally growing forages which are poor in quality. These tropical forages compared to those in the temperate, support lower levels of ruminant animal production mainly because they contain less nitrogen and are less digestible. The quality and quantity of these grasses become more critical in the dry seasons and thereby imposing more serious constraint to the development and productivity of these animals. Therefore, a study was conducted to access nutritional composition of Panicum maximum and Newbouldia laevis. Phytochemical screening of Newbouldia laevis was also carried out. Newbouldia laevis had higher crude fibre, ether extract and crude protein compared to Panicim maximum. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of Tannin, Alkaloids, Flavonoids and Saponnin in Newbouldia laevis. The percentages of tannin, alkaloids, flavonoids and saponin in the Newbouldia laevis were 11.5, 52.07, 3.1 and 0.64, respectively while none was recorded for Panicum maximum. The relatively high crude fibre, ether extract and crude protein values for both plants s appeared satisfactory for animal production. Also, the presence of the phytochemicals in the plant showed it importance in ethno veterinary medicine and pharmacology.

Estimation of Nutritional and Mineral Contents of Eleusine coracana and Echinochloa frumentacea – Two Edible Wild Crops of India

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-366
Author(s):  
Subhash Chandra ◽  
Sarla Saklani ◽  
Ruchi B. Semwal ◽  
Deepak K. Semwal
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Eleusine Coracana ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Mineral Profile ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus ◽  
Aoac Method ◽  
Echinochloa Frumentacea

Background: Barnyard millet is rich in protein, iron, calcium, phosphorus, fibre and vitamin content whereas finger millet is used in regular food and considered to be more nutritious than rice. Objective: The aim of this research was to develop new food supplements with potential pharmacological activity from readily accessed natural products. Methods: In the present study, we investigated the nutritional and mineral profile of the extracts of Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn. and Echinochloa frumentacea Link seeds. The extraction process involved fractionation with various solvents whereas the estimation of nutrients and minerals was done using AOAC method and ICPMS techniques. Results: The levels of crude protein, carbohydrates, crude fibre and ash content in E. coracana seeds were found to 7.30%, 68.10%, 3.60% and 8.50%, respectively whereas 2.87%, 80.93%, 5.80% and 5.30%, respectively were measured in the seeds of E. frumentacea. Conclusion: The seeds of E. coracana and E. frumentacea were found as highly medicinal and nutritional due to the presence of vitamins, minerals and other needful nutrients.

scholarly journals Nutritional and Serum Biochemistry of the Edible Frog Hoplobatrachus occipitalis in Rivers State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
S. O. Oyibo ◽  
G. C. Akani ◽  
C. C. Amuzie
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Nutritional Values ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Nutritional Profile ◽  
Mineral Constituent ◽  
Rivers State

This paper investigated the proximate, minerals and serum biochemistry in Hoplobatrachus occipitalis. The proximate and selected minerals of edible frog Hoplobatrachus occipitalis were determined using standard analytical methods. The result showed that crude protein was 16.91% carbohydrate was 1.76%, crude fibre 2.85%, The fat was 4.96% ash content was 1.84% and moisture was 71.67%. The selected mineral constituent recorded showed that sodium> iron> calcium > potassium > manganese. The nutritive serum biochemistry was determined in male and female species, the results revealed that both sexes have high nutritional profile suitable for human consumption; nevertheless, the female species have higher nutritional values than the males.

scholarly journals CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF BEETROOT PEEL.

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
Good Source ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Detectable Range

Proximate, mineral and antioxidant properties of beetroot (Beta vulgaris) peel were investigated using standard analytical techniques. Result for proximate revealed that moisture content was 30.88%, ash content (10.58%), crude fat (3.29%), crude fiber (6.98%), crude protein (4.10%) and carbohydrate (44.17%). The mineral composition (mg/g) also showed that sodium was 4.17%, iron (26.46%), copper (0.21%), magnesium (5.91%), potassium (13.82%) and phosphorus (11.57%) while zinc and calcium were not at detectable range of AAS. There was no activity for its antioxidant property. The results obtained from this analysis shows that Beetroot peel is a good source of carbohydrates, protein, ash, fiber, lipid and moisture, it also contained some mineral contents such as copper, phosphorous and iron which are required by the body to function effectively. Its consumption is therefore advertised instead of regarding it as a waste material. Keywords: antioxidant, investigation, mineral, peel, proximate

scholarly journals Analysis of the Proximate Composition, Anti-Nutrients and Mineral Content of Maerua Crassifolia Leaves

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
U.I. Aletan ◽  
H.A. Kwazo
Keyword(s):  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Good Source ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Lethal Doses

This study was carried out to determine the proximate composition, anti-nutrient and the mineral content of Maerua crassifolia leaves. Proximate analysis was performed using standard AOAC methods, mineral contents were determined using atomic absorption spectrometry while the anti-nutrients were analysed using standard methods. The results revealed that the leaves had moisture content of 62.00 %, ash content of 12.17± 0.47 g/100 g and crude protein content of 15.17 ± 0.02 g/100 g. The value of the minerals ranged between 75.33 ± 0.05 mg/kg for potassium and 2.88 mg/kg for magnesium. For the heavy metals, zinc had the highest value of 0.22 ± 0.02 μg/mg. The sodium: potassium ratio was calculated to be 0.92 ±0.00. All the anti-nutrients studied were below the lethal doses recommended. The results obtained indicate that the leaf will be a good source of nourishment if properly utilized. Keywords: proximate composition, mineral content, anti-nutrients, Maerua crassifolia

scholarly journals Proximate and Microbiological Quality of Roasted Plantain, Its Sauce, Fish and Side Vegetable Sold in Rivers State University and Its Environment

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-19
Author(s):  
Obinna-Echem, Patience Chisa ◽  
Eze, Simeon Christian
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Microbial Load ◽  
Potential Hazard ◽  
State University ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Back Gate ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Rivers State

The proximate composition and microbiological quality of roasted plantain, its sauce, fish and side vegetable sold in River State University and its environment were investigated. The samples were purchased from four different locations namely staff club (SCL), shopping complex (SHC), back-gate (BGT) and maingate (MGT). Using standard methods, the samples were analyzed for proximate and microbiological quality. The values for moisture, ash, crude protein, crude fibre, fat and carbohydrate were 53.30 - 57.22 %, 2.94 - 3.73 %, 9.26 - 10.13 %, 2.34 - 3.67 %, 11.62 - 13.41 %, and 15.42-20.07 % respectively. The energy varied from 206.76-229.93 kcal/100g. For all the samples from all locations, aerobic count varied from 5.31 - 7.98 Log10CFU/g for plantain and fish. Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Staphylococcus ranged from 4.06 - 7.42, 5.48 - 7.41 and 5.31 -7.90 Log10CFU/g respectively, while Coliform and fungi count varied respectively from 5.01 - 7.57 and 5.01 - 7.33 Log10CFU/g. The leave had significantly (P ≤ 0.05) the highest microbial load. The microbial load exceeded the acceptable limits for ready to eat foods and can be attributed to poor hygiene practices. Some samples except the leave had no detectable levels of the pathogens and fungi. The presence of pathogens indicates potential hazard to the health of consumers,  hence the need awareness on proper handling and hygiene practices among street food vendors. 

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