scholarly journals FAMEs Profile of Oil Produced by Oleaginous Fungi Isolated from Fermented Beverage Wastewaters and Soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-149
Author(s):  
I.Y. Nsa ◽  
G.B. Adeloye ◽  
A.A. Odunsi ◽  
B.T. Akinyemi ◽  
J.T. Tubonemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Candida Tropicalis ◽  
Lipid Production ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Oleaginous Fungi ◽  
Aspergillus Sp

Fungal strains isolated from fermented maize (ogi) (PW) and sorghum-based brewery wastewaters (BW) and two soil isolates were evaluated for oleaginicity. The fungal isolates from the wastewater that had lipid content of at least 20% of their biomass were identified by both culture methods and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) 1-5.8S-ITS2 ribosomal DNA sequencing. The isolates were identified to be Aspergillus fumigatus (PW8), Aspergillus flavus (PW10), Candida tropicalis (PW16) and Aspergillus tubingensis (PW3), Trichosporon luoberi (BW7), Aspergillus sp. (BW4) and Candida tropicalis (BW1; BW3). FAMEs composition was determined for the four strains with the highest lipid content by acid-catalyzed transesterification and analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID). Palmitoleic acid was the dominant fatty acid in M. circinelloides and T. reesei, and the best producers of capric and lauric acids were Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus sp. (BW4), respectively. These fatty acids are beneficial in making cosmetics and pharmaceuticals (antimicrobials and dietary supplements). The analysis of the FAMEs profile in the species indicated low amounts or absence of some key long chain fatty acid (LCFA) constituents of biodiesels. Based on the FAMEs profile of M. circinelloides investigated, this strain could hold promise for use as feedstock for biodiesel with genetic engineering and a tailored lipid production favouring enrichment of LCFA. Keywords: Fungal lipids, wastewater, fatty acid methyl ester, GC-FID

scholarly journals Fatty acid methyl ester analysis of Aspergillus fumigatus isolated from fruit pulps for biodiesel production using GC-MS spectrometry

Bioengineered ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 408-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferruh Asci ◽  
Busra Aydin ◽  
Gulderen Uysal Akkus ◽  
Arzu Unal ◽  
Sevim Feyza Erdogmus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Acid Methyl

scholarly journals Efect of Gamma 60Co Irradiation on The Growth, Lipid Content and Fatty Acid Composition of Botryococcus sp. Microalgae

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Dini Ermavitalini ◽  
Niki Yuliansari ◽  
Endry Nugroho Prasetyo ◽  
Triono Bagus Saputro
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Lipid Production ◽  
Wild Strain ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

<p><em>Botryococcus</em> sp. is one of microalgae species that has a high lipid content as much as 75% of their dry weight. But, lipid production by microalgae is regulated by their environmental condition (pH, light, temperature, nutrition, etc). Mutagenesis induced by Gamma <sup>60</sup>Co irradiation can be utilized to alter the <em>Botryococcus</em> sp. genetic to get microalgae mutant strain that can produce a higher lipid content than the wild strain. <em>Botryococcus</em> sp. was irradiated with different doses of gamma ray of <sup>60</sup>Co  (0, 2, 4, 6, and 10 Gy),  and the effect  on the growth, lipid content, and fatty acid composition of microalgae were observed. Research design used is random complete (RAL) with 95 %  confident level for quantitive analysis based on the biomass and lipid contents. More over fatty acid composition was analyzed by Gas Cromatography-Mass Spectrometry<em> </em>(GC-MS). Results showed that Gamma irradiated gave an effect on growth and lipid content of <em>Botryococcus</em> sp. But between the control treatment (0 Gy) with microalgae irradiated dose of 2 Gy, 4 Gy and 6 Gy were not significantly different. Whereas between the control with 10 Gy irradiated was significantly different. The highest biomassa and lipid content are found in 10 Gy irradiated microalgae with 0.833 gram biomass and 41% lipid content. Fatty acid profile of <em>Botryococcus</em> sp. control has 6 fatty acids while 10 Gy irradiated microalgae has 12 fatty acids, with the long-chain fatty acids increased, whereas short-chain fatty acids decreased.</p>

scholarly journals Enhanced Lipid Production and Molecular Dynamics under Salinity Stress in Green Microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (137C)

Marine Drugs ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thanapa Atikij ◽  
Yolani Syaputri ◽  
Hitoshi Iwahashi ◽  
Thanit Praneenararat ◽  
Sophon Sirisattha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Production ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Induced Stress ◽  
Green Microalga ◽  
Microalgal Lipids

Microalgal lipids are a source of valuable nutritional ingredients in biotechnological industries, and are precursors to biodiesel production. Here, the effects of salt-induced stresses, including NaCl, KCl, and LiCl stresses, on the production of lipid in green microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (137c) were investigated. NaCl stress dramatically increased saturated fatty acids (SFAs), which accounted for 70.2% of the fatty acid methyl ester (FAMEs) under stress. In contrary, KCl stress led to a slight increase in SFAs (47.05%) with the remaining being polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) (45.77%). RT-PCR analysis revealed that the genes involved in FA biosynthesis, such as PDH2, ACCase, MAT and KAS2, were up-regulated by NaCl-induced stress. Conversely, the genes responsible for the Kennedy pathway were suppressed. The alteration of FA homeostasis was further assessed by overexpressing MAT, the enzyme responsible for the production of malonyl-ACP, a key building block for FA biosynthesis, in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942. Intracellular FA composition was affected, with a predominant synthesis of SFAs in transformed cells. Owing to the diversity and relative abundance of SFAs, monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFAs) and PUFAs enable the feasibility of using microorganisms as a source of microalgal lipids or valuable nutritional ingredients; salt-induced stress and expression of MAT are useful in providing precursors for enhanced lipid production.

scholarly journals Molecular Mechanism of Lipid Accumulation and Metabolism of Oleaginous Chlorococcum sphacosum GD from Soil under Salt Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1304
Author(s):  
Hang Su ◽  
Jia Feng ◽  
Junping Lv ◽  
Qi Liu ◽  
Fangru Nan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Salt Concentration ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Transcriptome Sequencing ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Lipid Production ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Oleaginous Microalgae

The oleaginous microalgae species Chlorococcum sphacosum GD is a promising feedstock for biodiesel production from soil. However, its metabolic mechanism of lipid production remains unclear. In this study, the lipid accumulation and metabolism mechanisms of Chlorococcum sphacosum GD were analyzed under salt stress based on transcriptome sequencing. The biomass and lipid content of the alga strain were determined under different NaCl concentrations, and total RNA from fresh cells were isolated and sequenced by HiSeq 2000 high throughput sequencing technology. As the salt concentration increased in culture medium, the algal lipid content increased but the biomass decreased. Following transcriptome sequencing by assembly and splicing, 24,128 unigenes were annotated, with read lengths mostly distributed in the 200–300 bp interval. Statistically significant differentially expressed unigenes were observed in different experimental groups, with 2051 up-regulated genes and 1835 down-regulated genes. The lipid metabolism pathway analysis showed that, under salt stress, gene-related fatty acid biosynthesis (ACCase, KASII, KAR, HAD, FATA) was significantly up-regulated, but some gene-related fatty acid degradation was significantly down-regulated. The comprehensive results showed that salt concentration can affect the lipid accumulation and metabolism of C. sphacosum GD, and the lipid accumulation is closely related to the fatty acid synthesis pathway.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Microalgae from Diverse Pakistani Habitats: Exploring Third-Generation Biofuel Potential

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 2660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Maqsood Alam ◽  
Abdul Samad Mumtaz ◽  
Megan Russell ◽  
Melanie Grogger ◽  
Don Veverka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Algal Growth ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Biomass Productivity ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Rich Diversity

Production of microalgae as feedstock for biofuels must deal with a number of challenges including constraints imposed by local conditions. One solution is to use indigenous strains adapted to local climatic conditions. The present report describes the isolation, identification, and characterization of 32 microalgal strains from different ecological habitats: desert freshwater channels, northern region, and saline regions of Pakistan. The effects of temperature on algal growth rates, biomass productivity, and lipid content were determined through growth at 12, 20, and 35 °C for 15 days under 2% CO2 Responses to temperature varied among species with 20 °C being the optimum temperature in general, although, exceptionally, the best overall growth rate was found for strain S29 (0.311 d−1) at 12 °C. In some cases high biomass productivity was observed at 35 °C, and, depending upon the strain, the maximum lipid content was obtained at different temperatures, including 12 °C. Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) analysis showed that the major fatty acids present were palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic. Oleic acid (C18:1) was the predominant fatty acid, with the specific FAME profile varying with strain. Thus, there is a rich diversity of microalgal strains native to Pakistan, some of which, characterized here, could be suitable for biodiesel production or other biotechnological applications.

scholarly journals Palm Oil Mill Effluent for Lipid Production by the Diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana

Fermentation ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Karthick Murugan Palanisamy ◽  
Gaanty Pragas Maniam ◽  
Ahmad Ziad Sulaiman ◽  
Mohd Hasbi Ab. Rahim ◽  
Natanamurugaraj Govindan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Lipid Production ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Thalassiosira Pseudonana ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Dark Cycle ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

Biomass and lipid production by the marine centric diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana were characterized in media based on palm oil mill effluent (POME) as a source of key nutrients. The optimal medium comprised 20% by volume POME, 80 µM Na2SiO3, and 35 g NaCl L−1 in water at pH ~7.7. In 15-day batch cultures (16:8 h/h light–dark cycle; 200 µmol photons m−2 s−1, 26 ± 1 °C) bubbled continuously with air mixed with CO2 (2.5% by vol), the peak concentration of dry biomass was 869 ± 14 mg L−1 corresponding to a productivity of ~58 mg L−1 day−1. The neutral lipid content of the biomass was 46.2 ± 1.1% by dry weight. The main components of the esterified lipids were palmitoleic acid methyl ester (31.6% w/w) and myristic acid methyl ester (16.8% w/w). The final biomass concentration and the lipid content were affected by the light–dark cycle. Continuous (24 h light) illumination at the above-specified irradiance reduced biomass productivity to ~54 mg L−1 day−1 and lipid content to 38.1%.

scholarly journals Optimization and Validation of the GC/FID Method for the Quantification of Fatty Acids in Bee Products

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Laurynas Jarukas ◽  
Greta Kuraite ◽  
Juste Baranauskaite ◽  
Mindaugas Marksa ◽  
Ivan Bezruk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Conventional Heating ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
Nutritional Values ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Total Fatty Acids

To the best of our knowledge, so far, no study has been conducted about the comparison of the total fatty acid concentration in the four bee products (honey, bee pollen, bee bread, and propolis) collected from Lithuania. Therefore, we aimed to optimize the derivatization parameters and to investigate a simple and sensitive gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) method to determine fatty acids. The optimal derivatization parameters were used to analyze fatty acids in the bee products. Regarding sample preparation, three derivatization parameters were compared (temperature and extraction time with BF3/MeOH reagent) in order to obtain a high amount of the total fatty acids of interest from the fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) standard. The results showed that the highest total yield of fatty acids was conducted by using the conventional heating process at 70 °C for 90 min. Under optimal conditions, there was obtained excellent linearity for fatty acids with determination coefficients of r2 > 0.9998. The LODs and LOQs ranged from 0.21 to 0.54 µg/mL and 0.63 to 1.63 µg/mL, respectively. This method has been successfully applied to the qualitative analysis of fatty acids in bee products. The above findings might provide a scientific basis for evaluating the nutritional values of bee products.

scholarly journals Potential Assessment of Oleaginous Fungi for Sustainable Biodiesel Production: Screening, Identification and Lipid Production Optimization

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghada Youssef ◽  
Ahmed Elrefaey ◽  
Samy El-Assar
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Aspergillus Terreus ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Lipid Production ◽  
Production Optimization ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gas Chromatograph ◽  
Oleaginous Fungi

Abstract The present work, aiming to exploit oleaginous fungi for biodiesel production. Ten fungal strains were isolated from two petroleum polluted soil samples and screened for their abilities to accumulate lipid. Lipid rich three species viz, Aspergillus terreus, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus were found to be the highest lipid producers. Potential isolates were identified at the species level by morphological (macroscopic and microscopic) examination and molecularly confirmed by using 18S rRNA gene sequencing. Improvement of lipid accumulation by optimization of various parameters of culture conditions. The results reported clearly that the most suitable medium conditions for highest lipid production (38.33%) of Aspergillus terreus as the most potent lipid producer composed of 5% sucrose, 0.5 g/L ammonium nitrate with initial pH 6.0, after seven days of incubation in a static condition. The three promising fungal isolates have been taken for fatty acids analysis by gas chromatograph (GC) after transesterification. Fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) profile indicated the presence of higher saturated fatty acid fractions compared to polyunsaturated fatty acids. The total concentration of fatty acids was 107.98, 38.29, and 37.48 mg/100g of lipid accumulated by A. terreus, A. niger and A. flavus, respectively. Gas chromatograph analysis of A. terreus lipid indicated that oleic acid (C18:1, 18.51%) was the most abundant fatty acid, followed by stearic acid (C18:0, 15.91%) and Myristic acid (C14:0, 14.64%), respectively. Therefore, fatty acid profile of A. terreus has confirmed its potentiality as feedstock for producing lipid for biodiesel manufacturing.

scholarly journals Nitrogen Deprivation in Fremyella diplosiphon Augments Lipid Production without Affecting Growth

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 5769
Author(s):  
Behnam Tabatabai ◽  
Afua Adusei ◽  
Alok Kumar Shrivastava ◽  
Prashant Kumar Singh ◽  
Viji Sitther
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Lipid Production ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Nitrogen Deprivation ◽  
Fremyella Diplosiphon

Metabolic products such as lipids and proteins produced in cyanobacteria represent an excellent source of biomass and do not compete with agricultural land use unlike soybean and corn. Given their potential use as novel materials for biodiesel production, we aimed to explore the effect of cultivation period and nitrogen concentration on the growth rate and lipid content of Fremyella diplosiphon, a model cyanobacterium. In this study, F. diplosiphon grown in BG11/HEPES medium supplemented with 1.5 g L−1 sodium nitrate (NaNO3) for 7, 10, 15, and 20 days were compared to the untreated control in media amended with 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 g L−1 NaNO3. Cultures were inoculated in liquid media and grown under continuous fluorescent light in an orbital incubator shaker, and extracted lipids subjected to gravimetric analysis and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy to determine the best culture conditions for lipid production. Our results demonstrated that a reduction in nitrogen concentration had no significant effect on the growth rate across all cultivation periods; however, the accumulation of total lipid content was significantly influenced by nitrogen concentration. A maximum lipid production (40%) with no reduction in growth was observed in 10-day old cultures in a BG11/HEPES medium supplemented with 1.0 g L−1 NaNO3. Fatty acid methyl ester composition of transesterified lipids demonstrated high amounts of methyl palmitate (50–70%) followed by methyl octadecenoate (17–30%) in the accumulated lipids at all treatments. Trace quantities of methyl dodecanoate, methyl hexadecanoate, methyl octadecanoate, and methyl octadecadienoate (1–8%) were also observed in all tested samples, indicating that nitrogen deprivation in culture media increases lipid production without affecting growth.

scholarly journals Pesquisa de fungos em 20 pacientes com polipose nasossinusal

2002 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 654-661
Author(s):  
Carla R. Monteiro ◽  
Alfeu T. França ◽  
Eliana B. Bergter ◽  
Márcia R. Pinto ◽  
Solange O. R. Valle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Candida Tropicalis ◽  
Blattella Germanica ◽  
Dermatophagoides Pteronyssinus ◽  
Dermatophagoides Farinae ◽  
Blomia Tropicalis ◽  
Total Ige ◽  
Aspergillus Sp ◽  
Cladophialophora Carrionii

Introdução: Polipose nasossinusal é uma doença freqüente na prática clínica otorrinolaringológica. Sua associação com fungos, porém, tem recebido mais atenção apenas nos últimos 20 anos, principalmente após o reconhecimento da sinusite fúngica alérgica. Objetivo: Identificar a presença de fungos nos seios paranasais de pacientes portadores de polipose nasossinusal e analisar a reatividade destes pacientes para aeroalérgenos. Forma de Estudo: Clínico prospectivo. Material e Método: Avaliamos de forma prospectiva 20 pacientes com diagnóstico de polipose nasossinusal, que se apresentaram ao ambulatório de Otorrinolaringologia do Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho. Durante o tratamento cirúrgico, a secreção removida dos seios paranasais foi colocada em Sabouraud com cloranfenicol e submetida à análise histopatológica. Foram dosados níveis séricos de IgE total, IgE específica para Aspergillus fumigatus e contagem de eosinófilos do sangue periférico. Testes cutâneos com antígenos de Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae, Blomia tropicalis, Blattella germânica, Blattella americana e Aspergillus fumigatus foram realizados .Resultados: Seis pacientes (30%) apresentaram crescimento fúngico, sendo quatro Aspergillus sp, um Candida tropicalis e outro Cladophialophora carrionii. Treze (68,42%) apresentaram teste de puntura positivo para os aeroalérgenos acima citados. Em dez pacientes (50%) foi encontrada eosinofilia. Níveis séricos elevados de IgE total foram encontrados em oito (44,4%). Nível sérico elevado de IgE específica para Aspergillus fumigatus foi encontrado em apenas um. Conclusão: Salientamos a importância da pesquisa de fungos e de uma investigação do sistema imune nos pacientes com polipose nasossinusal para ser feito um diagnóstico preciso e tratamento adequado.

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