Prevalence and Socio-Environmental Factors Associated with Polyparasitism, Benue State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-185
Author(s):  
J.O. Akor ◽  
V.U. Obisike ◽  
E.A. Omudu ◽  
G.N. Imandeh
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Human Waste ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Treatment Measures ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
The Impact

Parasitic diseases are closely related to poor sanitation, lack of good drinking water, improper disposal of human waste, lack of latrines and poor personal hygiene. This study evaluated the prevalence and distribution of polyparasitic infections and the impact of health education and treatment. Stool and urine samples from 350 consented participants were parasitologically examined for parasites. Out of the 350 samples, 150 stool samples were infected with intestinal parasites and 2 urine samples were positive for Trichomonas vaginalis. Out of the infected 152 participants, 40 of them had co-infection (polyparasitism), specifically 5(1.43%) had triple co-infection, 35(10%) had double co-infection.Health education and treatment measures had significant (p<0.05) effect on infections. It is important that health education be intensified in areas where treatment may not be forthcoming to reduce infections. Keywords: Prevalence, helminths, polyparasitism, sanitation, Benue State

Impact of Sanitation and Health Education on Intestinal Parasite Infection among Primary School Aged Children of Sherpur, Bangladesh

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
G M Monawar Hosain ◽  
Subas Saha ◽  
Afroza Begum
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Intestinal Parasite ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Living Condition ◽  
Parasite Infection ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Intestinal Parasite Infection ◽  
The People ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
The Impact

This study was carried out in 1999–2000 in the northern part of Bangladesh to determine the impact of sanitary latrine use and of health education on intestinal parasites in school-aged children. The children were between 5 and 13 years of age and stool samples revealed that more than half (53%) of the study sample was still infected with one or more intestinal parasites even after 4 years of intervention. Ascariasis was found to have the highest prevalence rate (36.2%) and hookworm the lowest (10.7%). Intestinal parasite infection was significantly lower ( P<0.05) among those who used a sanitary latrine and received health education. This result is consistent with observations that the effect of sanitation and health education is slow to develop. Concerted primary healthcare activities with community development efforts should be undertaken to improve the overall living condition of the people of this area to control this problem.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitosis Among School Children in Baglung District of Western Nepal

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Shrestha ◽  
KC Narayan ◽  
R Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Students ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Concentration Technique ◽  
Total Prevalence ◽  
Intestinal Parasitosis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Problems ◽  
Ancylostoma Duodenale ◽  
Stool Samples

Background This study was carried out to estimate the prevalence of intestinal parasites among school-going children of the Baglung municipality from December 2010 to January 2011. Objective To find out prevalence of parasitosis among school aged children and to make necessary recommendations for preventive measures. Method A total of 260 stool samples were collected. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on predisposing factors. Nails were observed without prior information to the subjects so as to find their hygienic practice. The stool samples were examined by direct wet mount and formal ether concentration technique. Results The total prevalence of the intestinal parasitosis was found to be 21.05%. The prevalence for individual parasites was as follows: Entamoeba histolytica (9.23%), Giardia lamblia (5.76%), Trichuris trichuria (5%), Ancylostoma duodenale (2.65%) and Ascaris lumbricoides (2.3%). Nail hygiene and level of education were significantly associated with intestinal parasitosis. The gender and age of the children, sanitary habits including toilet use, hand washing practice, and the use of the antihelminthic drug (albendazole) were not significantly associated with intestinal parasitosis. Higher prevalence was seen in boys, children belonging to age group 10-14 years, lower secondary students, among those who reported gastrointestinal problems within last six months, children from agriculture-based families and children with untrimmed nail. Conclusion Major contributors for the prevalence of parasites were found to be poor personal hygiene and educational level of the children. Health education and mass treatment are recommended as a preventive measures. KATHMANDU UNIVERSITY MEDICAL JOURNAL  VOL.10 | NO. 1 | ISSUE 37 | JAN - MAR 2012 | 3-6 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v10i1.6904

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Polyparasitism in Oju, Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
J. O. Akor ◽  
V. U. Obisike ◽  
E. A. Omudu ◽  
G. N. Imandeh
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Stool Examination ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Important Public Health ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
The Impact

Intestinal and urinary parasitic infections remain an important public health problem in the tropics where poor hygiene and sanitation are a norm rather than an exception.  This study was designed to determine the prevalence and distribution of polyparasitic infections and to determine the impact of health education and treatments .Stool and urine samples from 350 participants were analyzed using macroscopic and microscopic direct stool examination of wet and Lugol’siodine preparations and Formal-ether concentration techniques and microscopic examination of simple centrifuged samples of urine. Out of the 350 participants, 101were infected with intestinal parasites with the male and female participants having 29 (66.0%), 41 (71.9%) prevalence of Entamoeba histolytica, 9 (20.5%), 8(14%) Eschericia coli, 2 (4.6), 6(10.5%) Trichomonas hominis and4 (9.1%), 2 (3.5%) Chilomastix mesnilli respectively. Out of the infected 101 participants, 14 of them had co-infection (polyparasitism). The result of polyparasitism in the Local Government is not significant (p>0.05).The overall infection before health education and treatment was high and least after health education and treatment 0(0%) (p<0.05). The results of this study indicated improper hygiene and sanitation conditions.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Vegetable Contamination with Medically Important Helminths and Protozoans in Calabar, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Imalele Edema Enogiomwan ◽  
Evbuomwan Owen Ikponmwosa ◽  
Osondu-Anyanwu Chinyere ◽  
Akpan Blessing Christopher
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Cross River ◽  
Cross River State ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Sanitary Conditions ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Aims: Vegetables are usually exposed to parasitic ova, larvae or oocyst during cultivation, irrigation, storage, transportation or while processing for consumption. Consumption of raw, unwashed and improperly cooked vegetables is considered a risk factor for transmission of intestinal parasites. This study assessed the parasitic contamination of vegetables and also determined factors associated with parasitic contamination of vegetables in selected markets in Calabar, Cross River State. Place and Duration of Study: Sample: Markets within Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria between September and October, 2018. Methodology: A pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire was used for collecting data on factors associated with parasitic contamination of vegetables. 300 vegetable samples were purchased and processed from three different markets in Calabar for examination of parasitic contamination using direct wet mount and zinc sulphate floatation techniques. Results: 15.7% (47/300) of the vegetables sampled were positive for at least one parasite. The species and stages of parasites detected were larvae of Strongyloides, ova of Trichuris trichiura and Hookworm, and cysts of Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia. Larvae of Strongyloides (11.3%) were the most frequently detected followed by ova of T. trichiura (1.7%) and Hookworm (1.7%) (P = 0.000). Among the five vegetable types sampled, waterleaf (40%) had the highest level of parasitic contamination followed by pumpkin (21.7%). Washing vegetables before display and the means of display were significantly associated with parasitic contamination (P = 0.000). Conclusion: Prevention of contamination is important in reducing food-borne parasitic infections and can be achieved through improved personal hygiene practices of farmers, vendors and consumers, proper washing of vegetables and improved sanitary conditions especially around markets where these vegetables are sold.

scholarly journals Incidence of Intestinal Parasites in Government and Private School Going Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
Kritika Mishra ◽  
Freeda Maharjan ◽  
Reshma Chitrakar ◽  
Nikita Chhetri ◽  
Monica Shrestha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Private School ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Sanitary Condition ◽  
Sedimentation Technique ◽  
Wet Mount ◽  
Positive Stool ◽  
Ancylostoma Duodenale ◽  
Stool Samples

Objective: Aim to assess the incidence of intestinal parasites in government and private school going children. Methods: The work was conducted from October, 2018 to March, 2019 at Microbiology Laboratory of DAV College, Dhobighat, Lalitpur. A total of 100 stool samples of children aged between 5-12 years were collected from both government and private schools situated in Lalitpur metropolitan city, during school hours. The stool samples were examined for intestinal parasites by Saline wet mount; Iodine wet mount and Formal – ether sedimentation technique. The questionnaires accompanying the queries related to the study were filled. Results: Of the total 100 stool samples examined, intestinal parasites were observed in 7% (7/100) of the total stool samples. Among the positive stool samples, 71% (5/7) of the stool samples were from government school’s children whereas 29% (2/7) were from private school’s children. Fifty seven percentage 57% (4/7) girls and 43% (3/7) boys were found to be infected with intestinal parasite in the tested stool samples. Out of total parasite detected, 57% (4/7) were eggs of Ancylostoma duodenale, 29% (2/7) were eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides and 14% (1/7) were cysts of Giardia lamblia. The study indicates that Ancylostoma is the most commonly infecting parasite followed by Ascaris and Giardia. Conclusion: Personal hygiene and sanitary condition were responsible for the incidence of intestinal parasites in the school going children. Environmental sanitation improvement and health education promotion will be helpful to reduce the parasitic infection rate.

scholarly journals Intestinal Parasitosis among Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Tuberculosis Infected Patients from Dharan, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (01) ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
Arjun Ghimire ◽  
Kishor Rai ◽  
Hemanta Khanal
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Blastocystis Hominis ◽  
Intestinal Parasitosis ◽  
Ether Solution ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Living With Hiv

 Intestinal parasitic infestation reflects a health threat with patients living with HIV & Tu-berculosis (TB). Parasitic infections caused by protozoa and helminths are the most com-mon infections worldwide. The present study was done to find out the frequency of intes-tinal parasitosis among HIV and Tuberculosis (TB) patients of Dharan total of 53 samples (>15 years) from HIV seropositive patients and 28 samples (>20years) from TB patients were collected in a clean, dry and capped fitted container and subjected to macroscopic and microscopic examination for ova, cyst, adult parasites and or segments of parasites. Stool samples were fixed in a 10% formalin-ether solution. Sedimentation technique, with modified acid-fast (Ziehl-Neelsen) staining method, was performed for opportunistic in-testinal parasites in both patients. Multi-parasitic infection was noted in the study. The overall prevalence of intestinal parasites was found to be 54 (66.67%). This result had shown that the participation of male patients was comparatively higher than female pa-tients. Out of 81 stool samples, 15 (27.78%) G. lamblia, 12(22.22%) E. histolytica, 12 (22.22%) Cryptosporidium parvum, 6 (11.11%), Isospora belli 4 (7.40%) Microspridium, 1(1.85%) Blastocystis hominis, 2(3.70%) and Taenia spp, 2(3.70%). To prevent this infec-tion appropriate health education should be given to the patients concerning disease trans-mission, antiparasitic therapy, personal hygiene, and safe drinking water.

scholarly journals Occurrence of intestinal and urinary parasites among Alkhalawi students, Sudan: A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 166-169
Author(s):  
Ali NAG ◽  
Bakhit HA ◽  
Saad MBEA ◽  
Alabeden MMAZ ◽  
Alsadig AA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Entamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Giardia Lamblia ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Single Infection ◽  
Preparation Technique ◽  
Concentration Technique

Background: Parasitic diseases were some of the leading causes of global mortality with higher burdens of prevalence in developing countries, especially regions of the world where the contaminated water and poor personal hygiene. The purpose of this study to determine the prevalence rate of intestinal and urinary parasites among Alkhalawi students in Rabak city, White Nile State, Sudan. Materials and methods: In this study, 150 stool and 150 urine samples were collected from Alkhalawi students (all were males). The stool samples were processed by wet preparation, formal ether concentration technique and the urine samples were processed by the sedimentation technique. Results: The results revealed that out of the 150 stool and 150 urine samples, 37 were found positive for intestinal and urinary parasites, this constituted an overall prevalence rate of 12.3%. The highest prevalence rate (28%) was reported among the 11-15 years age groups, while the lowest prevalence rate (0%) was reported among the 21-25 years age groups. The prevalence rate of different parasites was as follow: Giardia lamblia (11.3%), Entamoeba histolytica (8%), Hymenolepis nana (2.7%), Schistosoma haematobium (3.3%). The prevalence of intestinal parasites (21.3%) was higher than urinary parasites (3.3%). The study showed that 24% were infected with single infection and 0.6% were infected with mixed infection. Conclusion: From the result we concluded the intestinal and urinary parasites are highly prevalent among the Alkhalawi students in Rabak city. Giardia lamblia is more likely to occur among the Alkhalawi students followed by Entamoeba histolytica. The highest infection rate was reported among the 11-15 years age groups. Formal ether concentration technique proved to be as efficient more than the wet preparation technique.

scholarly journals Pendidikan Kesehatan Tentang Pencegahan Scabies pada Santri di Pondok Pesantren Modern Al-Hidayah Kota Jambi

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Hasyim Kadri ◽  
Salvita Fitrianti
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
High Density ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Activity Sequence ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Provide Health Education

A high prevalence of scabies is generally found in environments with high density of residents and interpersonal contacts such as Islamic boarding schools, prisons and orphanages. The impact arising from scabies caused by personal hygiene problems includes the frequency of bathing, washing hands, using soap or not, changing clothes and towels, clean bedding, hair hygiene, nail hygiene, dental and oral hygiene, foot and shoe care, eye hygiene, ear hygiene and nose hygiene. The clinical manifestations that are usually caused are itching which is usually severe and will get worse at night and there are blisters or small, thin bumps on the skin.The solution of this community service is to provide health education and scabies prevention simulations to change or increase students' knowledge about scabies prevention.The results obtained by the participants in following the activities of community service well all followed the activity sequence without leaving the venue, a total of 37 participants were santri wati, they enthusiastically asked questions and participated in practicing the activities taught and carried out simulations of prevention of scabies.

Characteristics of Physician Relocation Following Hurricane Katrina

2009 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
Kusuma Madamala ◽  
Claudia R. Campbell ◽  
Edbert B. Hsu ◽  
Yu-Hsiang Hsieh ◽  
James James
Keyword(s):  
Hurricane Katrina ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Introduction: On Aug. 29, 2005, Hurricane Katrina made landfall along the Gulf Coast of the United States, resulting in the evacuation of more than 1.5 million people, including nearly 6000 physicians. This article examines the relocation patterns of physicians following the storm, determines the impact that the disaster had on their lives and practices, and identifies lessons learned. Methods: An Internet-based survey was conducted among licensed physicians reporting addresses within Federal Emergency Management Agency-designated disaster zones in Louisiana and Mississippi. Descriptive data analysis was used to describe respondent characteristics. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify the factors associated with physician nonreturn to original practice. For those remaining relocated out of state, bivariate analysis with x2 or Fisher exact test was used to determine factors associated with plans to return to original practice. Results: A total of 312 eligible responses were collected. Among disaster zone respondents, 85.6 percent lived in Louisiana and 14.4 percent resided in Mississippi before the hurricane struck. By spring 2006, 75.6 percent (n = 236) of the respondents had returned to their original homes, whereas 24.4 percent (n = 76) remained displaced. Factors associated with nonreturn to original employment included family or general medicine practice (OR 0.42, 95 percent CI 0.17–1.04; P = .059) and severe or complete damage to the workplace (OR 0.24, 95 percent CI 0.13–0.42; P &lt; .001). Conclusions: A sizeable proportion of physicians remain displaced after Hurricane Katrina, along with a lasting decrease in the number of physicians serving in the areas affected by the disaster. Programs designed to address identified physician needs in the aftermath of the storm may give confidence to displaced physicians to return.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document