scholarly journals Farmers’ Practices and Combinations of Malathion and Neem Seed Powder Management Options on Stored Sorghum and Maize Insect Pests at Bako, West Shoa, Ethiopia

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Neem Seed ◽  
Management Options

scholarly journals A Way Forward to Combat Insect Pest in Rice

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
MP Ali ◽  
B Nessa ◽  
MT Khatun ◽  
MU Salam ◽  
MS Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Yield Loss ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Management Options

The damage caused by insect pest is the continual factor for the reduction of rice production. To date, 232 rice insect pest species are identified in Bangladesh and more than 100 species of insects are considered pests in rice production systems globally, but only about 20 - 33 species can cause significant economic loss. The major goal of this study is to explore all the possible ways of developed and proposed technologies for rice insect pests management and minimize economic losses. Insect pests cause 20% average yield loss in Asia where more than 90% of the world's rice is produced. In Bangladesh, outbreak of several insects such as rice hispa, leafroller, gallmidge, stem borers and brown planthopper (BPH) occurs as severe forms. Based on previous reports, yield loss can reach upto 62% in an outbreak situation due to hispa infestation. However, BPH can cause 44% yield loss in severe infestested field. To overcome the outbreaks in odd years and to keep the loss upto 5%, it is necessary to take some preventive measures such as planting of resistant or tolerant variety, stop insecticide spraying at early establishment of rice, establish early warning and forecasting system, avoid cultivation of susceptible variety and following crop rotation. Subsequent quick management options such as insecticidal treatment for specific insect pest should also be broadcasted through variety of information systems. Advanced genomic tool can be used to develop genetically modified insect and plants for sustainable pest management. In addition, to stipulate farmers not use insecticides at early crop stgae and minimize general annualized loss, some interventions including training rice farmers, regular field monitoring, digitalization in correct insect pests identification and their management (example; BRRI rice doctor mobile app), and demonstration in farmers field. Each technology itself solely or combination of two or more or all the packages can combat the insect pests, save natural enemies, harvest expected yield and contribute to safe food production in Bangladesh. Bangladesh Rice J. 25 (1) : 1-22, 2021

scholarly journals Recent advances on the characterization and control of sunflower soilborne pathogens under climate change conditions

OCL ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leire Molinero-Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Disease Management ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Pathogen Characterization ◽  
New Races ◽  
Pathogen Populations ◽  
And Control

The control of soilborne crop pathogens is conditioned by the limited management options due to difficult access to active infection courts and to restrictions in the use of synthetic pesticides in Europe. For most soilborne sunflower pathogens, an effective management relies on genetic resistance which is, however, hindered by new pathogen populations (new races). Special emphasis is thus put on updated monitoring and characterization of pathogens and on the enlargement of the set of tools for disease management. Concerning characterization, advances on the population structure of Verticillium dahliae affecting sunflower by means of genetic, molecular and pathogenic approaches are presented. Also in relation to increases of sunflower wilt diseases recently observed, the fungus Cadophora malorum has been identified in Russia and reported as a new pathogen of this crop. Third, new races of Plasmopara halstedii (sunflower downy mildew), have been identified in Spain and Portugal. Most of them have a high virulence, since they overcome several genes for resistance. With regard to alternatives for disease control, entomopathogenic fungi (EF) constitute a novel tool. Used for years in Integrated Pest Management strategies due to their efficacy in controlling insect pests affecting crops, new ecological roles of these fungi have recently been reported. The EF species Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium brunneum have been assessed by their in vitro effect against V. dahliae and C. malorum by our research group. Our results suggest that antibiosis and/or competition for ecological niche are operating in some EF-pathogen interactions. In summary, pathogen characterization is essential for genetic resistance for worldwide environments of sunflower production. Moreover, the security of sunflower yield and profitability is dependent not only on effective genetic resistance, but also on additional new control options that can be included in successful strategies of sunflower disease management.

scholarly journals Pest Management Knowledge and Practices of Mango Farmers in Southeastern Ghana

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Clement Akotsen-Mensah ◽  
Isaac N. Ativor ◽  
Roger S. Anderson ◽  
Kwame Afreh-Nuamah ◽  
Collison F. Brentu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Fruit Flies ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Control Insect

Abstract Mango farmers in Ghana are confronted with many pest problems like fruit flies, Sternochetus mangiferae (F.), and mealy bugs. Different pest management options are available to mango farmers; however, the extent to which they apply the available pest management options is not well known. A survey was conducted among 60 farmers in southeastern Ghana, from October–December 2015 mango season, to find out the level of knowledge and practice of insect pest management used by mango farmers. The results showed that most farmers use conventional insecticides to control insect pests in mango. Majority of the farmers (30%) use a composite insecticide (Cydim super; 36 g cypermethrin + 400 g dimethoate per liter), whereas 3.3% use Pyrinex (chlorpyrifos 480 g/liter). Majority of insecticides used belong to WHO category II. Ninety percent (90%) of the farmers use cultural practices and pheromone traps. Pheromone traps are, however, used for fruit flies but not for S. mangiferae. Over 80% of the respondents who used pesticides to control pests have also adopted GLOBALGAP standards for certification. The results are discussed based on the importance of adoption of IPM strategies in mango production and the possible reduction of fruit rejection during mango export in Ghana.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Some Botanical Extracts Against Major Insect Pests (Leafminer, Armored scale and Woolly Whitefly) of Citrus Plants in Central Zone of Tigray, North Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-275
Author(s):  
Fitiwy Ibrahim ◽  
Tsehaye Hadush ◽  
Gebretsadkan Abraha ◽  
Araya Alemu
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Botanical Insecticides ◽  
Neem Seed ◽  
Chemical Insecticide ◽  
Neem Seed Extract

Citrus fruit production is suffering from various yield-limiting factors particularly the sucking pests viz, citrus leafminer Phyllocnistis citrella, woolly whitefly, Aleurothrixus floccosus and scale insects especially armored scales Aonidiella auriantii. The present paper tries to identify the effective botanical insecticides against these insect pests on citrus orange. An experiment was conducted in the established citrus orange farm in Kolla Temben at two farmer’s fields, Adiha and Agibe during the off-season of 2018 under irrigation growing condition in a randomized complete block design with six treatments and replicated thrice. The findings in both experimental sites showed that the neem seed extract had a significantly (P=0.001) lower leafminer infestation levels compared to the untreated control which is on par to the insecticide treatment of dimethoate. On the other hand, in both areas, whitefly mortality of more than 81% on average was recorded from neem seed extract followed by Tree tobacco (70%) (P=0.001). For scale insects however, in both experimental sites, the highest mean percent mortality was recorded from the insecticide dimethoate 40% EC (86.9%, 87.2 & 86.0%on average) followed by neem seed and tree tobacco extracts,70.1 and 65.4% respectively. The botanicals particularly the neem seed extracts followed by tree tobacco are as effective as the chemical insecticide, dimethoate 40% EC, even superior in some cases, in controlling the target pests. Therefore, these botanicals could be used as an IPM component for against the target pests.

scholarly journals The impact of different plant extracts on population suppression of Helicoverpa armigera (Hub.) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) yield under field conditions

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0260470
Author(s):  
Shahbaz Ali ◽  
Yunzhou Li ◽  
Inzamam Ul Haq ◽  
Waseem Abbas ◽  
Muhammad Zeeshan Shabbir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Neem Seed ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Tomato Yield ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera ◽  
The Impact

Helicoverpa armigera (Hub.) is a destructive pest of the tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) crop in Pakistan. Although insecticides are the primary management strategy used to control H. armigera, most of them are not effective due to considerable toxic residual effects on the fruits. Nonetheless, H. armigera is rapidly evolving resistance against the available pesticides for its management. This situation calls upon the need of alternative management options against the pest. Different plant extracts have been suggested as a viable, environment-friendly option for plant protection with minimal side effects. Furthermore, the plant extracts could also manage the insect species evolving resistance against pesticides. This study evaluated the efficacy of different plant extracts (i.e., Neem seed, turmeric, garlic and marsh pepper) against H. armigera. Furthermore, the impact of the plant extracts on growth and yield of tomato crop was also tested under field conditions. The results revealed that all plant extracts resulted in higher mortality of H. armigera compared to control. Similarly, the highest plant height was observed for the plants treated with the plant extracts compared to untreated plants. Moreover, the highest tomato yield was observed in plants treated with plant extracts, especially with neem seed (21.013 kg/plot) followed by pepper extract (19.25 kg/plot), and garlic extract 18.4 kg/plot) compared to the untreated plants (8.9 kg/plot). It is concluded that plant extracts can be used as eco-friendly approaches for improving tomato yield and resistance management of H. armigera.

scholarly journals PestWeb a weed and pest information source for farmers

2009 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 415-415
Author(s):  
K.N. Tozer ◽  
C.M. Ferguson ◽  
S. Glennie
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Pasture Production ◽  
Research Personnel ◽  
Independent Information ◽  
Californian Thistle ◽  
Farming Industry ◽  
Web Designers

Weed and insect pests severely limit New Zealand pasture production and information on their management is often fragmented and difficult for farmers to access While there are a number of good pest and weed websites available many of these are commercial in focus or do not combine both identification and management options relevant to New Zealand farmers PestWeb (wwwagresearchconz/pestweb) is a website being created to assist farmers and agricultural professionals in decisionmaking regarding weed and pest identification biology impact and management A pilot site has been developed for identification and management of grass grub porina Californian thistle and barley grass and it is aimed to include an additional 2025 key New Zealand pasture weeds and pests which will be chosen in consultation with key farming industry and research personnel This site will provide independent information in an easily accessible and intuitive format to assist farmers in weed and pest management decisionmaking PestWeb development has involved collaboration between farmers of the South and West Otago Monitor Farm group farming consultants scientists and web designers This has ensured that the site is farmer friendly while providing independent peerreviewed information on the biology control and impact of key pests and weeds

Calneem: A commercial neem seed-based biopesticide for sustainable management of pests of vegetables in Ghana

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-147
Author(s):  
D. Obeng-Ofori
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Neem Seed ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Widespread Application ◽  
Practical Utilization ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Environmentally Sound

The production of vegetable crops is a major agricultural activity of small and medium-scale farmers in Ghana and has a greatpotential to increase the income levels growers. However, vegetable production is constrained among other factors by attackby insect pests, diseases, nematodes and the declining soil fertility, necessitating the use of pesticides and artificial fertilizers.Currently, the main method of controlling pests and diseases of vegetable crops is the use of synthetic pesticides. This paperexamines the environmental, food safety, health and other problems inherent in the dependency on conventional pesticidesto control crop pests in Ghana and advocates the need to develop a sustainable and environmentally sound alternative pestmanagement strategy using neem pesticides as the major component. Native to India and Burma, the neem tree, Azadirachataindica A. Juss was introduced to Africa earlier this century and is now well established in at least 78 countries, including Ghanawhere it has become an important source of fuel, lumber and biopesticides. Neem products are broad spectrum bio-pesticideswhich are effective against several pests of vegetables, food crops, fruit and other tree crops. Using the results of extensive fieldtrials conducted in two locations in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana, the paper would demonstrate the practical utilization ofCalneem oil and Neem seed extract for sustainable protection of okra and cucumber against pest infestation in Ghana. It wouldalso show that neem pesticides are less harmful to some beneficial organisms in the vegetable agro-ecosystem such as certain antspecies, lady bird beetles, dragon flies and other predators. Practical challenges to widespread application of neem bio-pesticidesfor sustainable crop protection in Ghana are discussed.

scholarly journals A survey of potato growers in Bangladesh: production and challenges

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-174
Author(s):  
Saifullah Omar Nasif ◽  
Md Nasir Hossain Sani ◽  
Md Saiful Islam ◽  
Md Touhidujjaman ◽  
Kaniz Fatema Punam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potato Tuber ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Storage Condition ◽  
Storage Pests ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Insecticide Spray

The study was conducted in the 20 upazila of 10 selected major potato growing districts of Bangladesh to find out the present potato cultivation status, challenges, diversity of pests and their risks management options among the farmers. The data were collected through interview of 500 potato farmers considering 25 potato farmers from each upazila. Infections of diseases were reported to be the major problems followed by lower market price of the produced potato. Other major problems faced during potato cultivation were insect pest attack and weed attack. The BARI Alu-7 (Diamant) was most susceptible potato variety to insect pests and diseases, whereas the Lal-pakhri was the least susceptible to pests. Most of the fields (98.50%) were infested by cutworm. Among these pests, cutworm and aphid were identified as major pests and caused high and moderate infestations respectively. Others were identified as minor pests of potato with low infestations. Potato tuber worm was found as the key pest in storage condition. Rat was reported as the most infesting vertebrate storage pests. Currently cutworm and aphid were more damaging insect pest of potato in field condition than previous infestation, and potato tuber worm was more damaging insect pest in storage. Insecticide spray is the most favorable pest control method among the potato growers. Only a little portion of farmers have knowledge about integrated pest management (IPM) practices. So, it is expected the proper awareness program and planning will be taken to handle such challenges.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.5(2): 165-174, August 2018

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