scholarly journals Effect of Abelmoschus esculentus (okra)-based diet on streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus in adult Wistar rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1737-1743
Author(s):  
Patrick O. Uadia ◽  
Isaac O. Imagbovomwan ◽  
Kelly Oriakhi ◽  
Ikechi G. Eze
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes ◽  
Ad Libitum

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of an okra-based diet on streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus in adult Wistar rats and its mechanism of action.Methods: Wistar rats (6) were administered streptozotocin (50 mg/kg ip) after an overnight fast. Upon confirmation of diabetes mellitus, the animals were fed ad libitum for 21 days with formulated okrabased test diet in place of normal diet. The rats treated similarly with streptozotocin and fed ad libitum with the normal diet served as diabetic control while rats fed on normal diet and not treated with streptozotocin served as the negative control. Thereafter, the rats were sacrificed, fasting bloodcollected and analysed for glucose concentration and biochemical parameters. Pancreas was also excised for histopathological studies.Results: There was a significant increase in body weight, HDL-cholesterol (p< 0.05) but significant decrease in blood glucose (p < 0.05), serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol and VLDLcholesterol concentrations in the okra-fed diabetic treated rats when compared to the diabetic control group. Furthermore, superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) was significantly higher in the diabetic control, and reduced significantly when fed with okra-based diet (p < 0.05). Catalase (CAT) activity was significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in diabetic control and treated group, whereas it was significantly (p < 0.05) increased in normal control rats. There was a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in reduced glutathione levels. The significant (p< 0.05) increase in malondialdehyde in the diabetic group was significantly decrease in the diabetic rats fed with okra-diet. Also serum insulin level was significantly (p < 0.05) increased and serum α amylase activity was significantly (p < 0.05) decrease in the diabetic treated rats. Histology results show that there was damage to the β cells of the pancreas in the diabetic control when compared to normal control, but rats fed okra diet was able to regenerate endocrine β cells.Conclusion: Okra-based diet lowers hyperglycaemia as well as regenerate/repair endocrine β-cells and exocrine tissues of the pancreas damage by streptozotocin Keywords: Abelmoschus esculentus, Diabetes mellitus, anti-diabetic, Insulin, α-amylase, Mechanism

scholarly journals Morphology of bronchial epithelium in rodent streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
Oksana Anatolyevna Pivovarova ◽  
Boris Nikitich Mankovsky
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Bronchial Epithelium ◽  
Secretory Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Partial Loss ◽  
Citrate Buffer ◽  
Single Intraperitoneal Injection ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes

Aim.  To study the morphology of bronchial epithelium in a rodent streptozotocin-induced (STZ) diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods. . Diabetes mellitus was introduced in 47 white Wistar rats aged 5?6 months (body weight 234.0?2.64 g). 43 white Wistar rats of the same age were used as control subjects (body weight 242.0?2.13). Diabetes was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (SIGMA, USA) 60 mg/kg in 0.1 M citrate buffer, pH 4.5. Results. A statistically significant decrease in the total epithelial area by 25.9% was observed in the study group, accompanied by a reduction of the supranuclear zone by 22.1% vs. the control group. Conclusion. We found that bronchial mucous membrane in rodents with STZ-induced diabetes mellitus exhibits signs of atrophy and partial loss of mucous production by bronchial secretory cells.

scholarly journals Farrerol ameliorates diabetic hepatopathy in rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus via modulation of oxidativeinflammatory stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
Li Dong ◽  
Lixia Yang ◽  
Fengsui Liu ◽  
Haitao Zhan ◽  
Xinwei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Tnf Α

Purpose: To investigate the effect of farrerol on diabetic hepatopathy in a rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods: Adult male Wistar rats (n = 40) were randomly assigned to four groups of ten rats each: normal control, diabetic control, farrerol control and treatment groups. With the exception of normal control and farrerol control groups, the rats were fed high-fat diet (HFD) for four weeks, and thereafter injected streptozotocin (STZ) at a dose of 30 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneally (i.p.) for induction of T2DM. Rats in farrerol control and treatment groups received 50 mg/kg farrerol orally/day. Serum levels of triacylglycerol (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein  cholesterol (HDL-C) and lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were determined. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were assessed in liver homogenate while mRNA and protein expressions of glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) were assayed in liver using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting, respectively. Expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were also determined using qRT-PCR.Results: Diabetes mellitus (DM) led to significant reductions in rat body weight and SOD activity, while increasing fasting blood glucose (FBG) and MDA levels (p < 0.05). However, treatment with farrerol significantly reversed the effect of DM on these parameters (p < 0.05). The mRNA expressions of TNF-α and IL-1β were significantly higher in diabetic control group than in normal control group, but were significantly reduced after farrerol treatment (p < 0.05). Treatment with farrerol also significantly reversed the effect of DM on rat lipid profile (p < 0.05). The expression of GLUT2 protein was significantly downregulated in the liver of diabetic control rats, when compared with normal control rats, but was significantly upregulated after treatment with farrerol (p < 0.05).Conclusion: The results of this study show that farrerol alleviates STZ-induced hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia via reduction in oxidative stress and inflammation, and upregulation of GLUT2 protein expression. Thus, farrerol has antidiabetic and hepatoprotective potentials for clinical use in  humans. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Dyslipidemia, Farrerol, Hepatopathy, High-fat diet

scholarly journals Anti-hyperglycemic Efficiency of the Aqueous Seed Extract of Mucuna pruriens in Nicotinamide-Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Wistar Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-67
Author(s):  
Reuben-Kalu J. I. ◽  
Renuka R.
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Islet ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Islet Cells ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Mucuna Pruriens ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pancreatic Islet Cells ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes

This study was undertaken to evaluate the remedial effect of the aqueous seed extract of Mucuna pruriens (ASEMP) on the endocrine region of pancreas of nicotinamide-streptozotocin-induced diabetes in Wistar rats. The anti-hyperglycemic efficiency of two varieties of Mucuna pruriens var utilis; IIHR Selection 3 and Arka Dhanvantari was investigated. Oral administration of ASEMP against the nicotinamide-streptozotocin-induced diabetes in the Wistar rats showed anti-hyperglycemic effect on the blood glucose level (94 ± 0.2 mg/dl ASEMP 400 mg/kg) when compared with the control group (92 ± 0.2 mg/dl glibenclamide 5 mg/kg), (248 ± 0.3 mg/dl Diabetic control) and (90 ± 0.3 mg/dl Normal control). Significant reduction in creatinine level of the nicotinamide-streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats treated with ASEMP was also recorded. Histopathology examination of the endocrine region of pancreas of the rats revealed restoration of pancreatic islet cells in the diabetic-ASEMP treated rats as the beta cell mass increased and necrotic changes was reduced significantly in contrast with the diabetic control group which showed degenerated pancreatic islet cells. Therefore, this study supports and recommends the exploration of the aqueous seed extract of M. pruriens as an alternative medicine for the management of type-2 diabetes.

scholarly journals Ant-diabetic Effect of Two Medicinal Plants: Cataranthus roseus and Nauclea latifolium on Some Biochemical Indices of Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Albino Wistar Rats

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
E. Eteng Ofem ◽  
Kenyoh Abam ◽  
Grace Ekpo ◽  
Savour Ufot ◽  
Joe Enobong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Appreciable Amount ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Control Group ◽  
Biochemical Indices

The study was carried out to investigate the anti-diabetic effects of two medicinal plants Cataranthus roseus (C.R) and Nauclea latifolium (N.L) on some biochemical indices of streptozotocin induced diabetic albino wistar rats. Methods: Ethanolic leaf extracts of C.R. and N.L. were given at daily doses of 500 mg/kg body weight in two divided doses each for 14 days. Thirty albino wistar rats were divided into five (5) groups, consisting of 6 rats each viz: Group 1(normal control), Group 2 (diabetic control), Group 3 (insulin treated), Group 4 (received N.L) and Group 5 (received C.R.). Results: The results of the phytochemical screening contain flavonoids, polyphenols, and alkaloids were found to be present in appreciable amount in N.L while saponins and tannins were found in traceable concentration. Fasting blood glucose levels showed significant decrease (P<0.05) in all the test groups compared to diabetic control and closely related to the insulin treated groups. A significant increase (P<0.05) was observed in (TG) and (TC) concentration of all treated groups compared to the diabetic control group. The concentration of HDL was significantly increased while there was also a significant decreased (P<0.05) in VLDL and LDL in the diabetic control group and insulin group when compared to the normal control group, except for C.R treated group that shows a significant decrease compared with the diabetic control group. Enzymes activities were increased in insulin and diabetic groups. A significant reduction (P<0.05) was observed with the treated group of C.R. and N.L compared to the normal control group. Also, observed was a decrease in albumin level in groups treated with the extracts. Marked reduction in total protein level was observed in groups treated with extracts and insulin, compared to the normal control group. Serum concentrations of Na+, K+, Cl- in diabetic control groups showed a significant increase (P<0.05) compared to the normal control group. K+ concentration was observed to be significantly decreased (P<0.05) in all groups treated with extract and insulin compared to the normal control group. Conclusions: The results demonstrated that C. roseus and N. latifolium have anti-diabetic and antihepatotoxic properties and could be potential herbal remedy in treating and managing diabetic conditions.

Hepatoprotective effect of seabuckthorn leaf extract in streptozotocin induced diabetes mellitus in Wistar rats

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Khajuria ◽  
P. Raghuwanshi ◽  
A. Rastogi ◽  
A. L. Koul ◽  
R. Zargar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effect ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes

Study was conducted to evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of Seabuckthorn leaf extract (SLE) supplementation on serum enzymatic levels in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes mellitus in Wistar rats. Thirty-two adult male Wistar rats were divided into four groups namely CON (negative control), SCO (Seabuckthorn control), DCO (Diabetic control), and DSL (Diabetic seabuckthorn treatment group). Diabetes mellitus was induced by single intra peritoneal injection of STZ @ 50 mg/kg body weight in DCO and DSL group of rats. SLE was administered orally @ 100mg/kg body weight for 40 days to SCO and DSL groups. CON served as the negative control. Blood samples were collected from experimental animals on zero, 20th, and 40th days of trial to study liver specific serum enzyme profile viz aspartate amino transaminase (AST), alanine amino transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and acid phosphatase (ACP). Significantly (P less than 0.01) higher levels of all the enzymes studied were observed in experimentally induced diabetic rats in comparison to normal rats. However, in SLE treated diabetic rats (DSL group), significant (P less than 0.01) improvement was observed in all the above enzymes. It may be concluded that SLE exerts hepatoprotective effect in STZ induce Diabetes mellitus in Wistar rats.

scholarly journals Influence of Antioxidant Supplementation on High Fat Diet-Streptozotocin (HFD-STZ) Induced Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Albino Rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-40
Author(s):  
L. C. Chuku ◽  
N. C. Chinaka
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Diabetic Control Group

The influenceof antioxidant supplementation on high fat diet-streptozotocin (HFD-STZ) induced type 2 diabetes mellitus in Wistar albino rats was investigated. Appropriate (RDA) proportions of some antioxidant rich substances which includes; vitamins (A, B3, B6, B12, C and E), minerals (calcium, selenium, chromium, magnesium, potassium and zinc), α-lipoic acid, cinnamon powder, curcumin (Meriva®), cordyceps, resveratrol, quercetin, D-ribose-L-cysteine were pulled together in corn oil and stored at 4°C for use. Serum glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, as well as activities of antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutases (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-s-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidise (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR) were measured using standard methods. Data analysis was done with SPSS version 20.0 and significant level was set at P≤0.05. Results of in vitro oxidative stress indices and antioxidant enzyme activity indicate that after 4 weeks of treatment, there was no significant change (p≥0.05) in serum FBS levels of treated groups compared to the normal control group, but there was a significant decrease (p≤0.05) after 8 and 12 weeks of treatment when compared to the diabetic control group. There was no significant difference (p≥0.05) in the activities of antioxidant enzymes when compared to the normal control group, while in the diabetic control there was significant increase (p≤0.05) compared to the other groups. The results after 4, 8 and 12 weeks of treatment showed a significant increase (p≤0.05) in serum GSH level of normal and treated groups compared to diabetic control group, whereas there was a significant decline (p≤0.05) in serum MDA level of treated and normal control groups when compared to diabetic control. The results therefore suggest that the supplement may possess significant (p≤0.05) free radical scavenging potentials which could be beneficial to health.

Particular Matter of Motor Vehicle Exposure and High-Fat Diet Effects on Kidney Histopathology, Creatinine, and Malondialdehyde (MDA) Levels in Wistar Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 124-128
Author(s):  
Rizka Veni ◽  
Awal Prasetyo ◽  
Muflihatul Muniroh
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Histopathological Change ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference

This study aims to analyze the effect of combination of motor vehicle particular matter exposure and high-fat diet in kidney histopathology, creatinine levels, and MDA levels in Wistar rats. This study used a posttest-only control group design. Eighteen healthy male Wistar rats were divided into three groups. The intervention groups received motor vehicle fume exposure for 100 s with normal diet (X1) or high-fat diet (X2), and the control group received no exposure (C). Data analysis was processed with a SPSS 25.0 computer program by using the one-way ANOVA test followed by post hoc LSD. The degree of kidney histopathological damage showed significant differences between the X1 and X2 groups when compared with the control group (p < 0.05). The results of the creatinine level examination found a significant difference between the X2 and C groups (p < 0.05) and the treatment groups X1 and X2 (p < 0.05). The results of kidney MDA level examination showed a significant difference between the treatment groups (X1 and X2) and the control group (p < 0.05). The combination of particular matter of motor vehicle fumes exposure and high-fat diet could induce kidney damage through histopathological change and increased creatinine levels and kidney MDA levels in Wistar rats.

scholarly journals The Effect of Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin, and Thiazolidinediones on Bone Histomorphometry in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Postmenopausal Wistar Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-69
Author(s):  
Derya Köseoğlu ◽  
Gülnur Take ◽  
Banu Aktaş Yılmaz ◽  
Erdal Kan ◽  
Nuri Çakır
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Bone Histomorphometry ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Trabecular Thickness ◽  
Skeletal Disease ◽  
Negative Effect

Background: Osteoporosis is a metabolic skeletal disease with low bone mass and bone microarchitectural disorganization. Thiazolidinediones (TZD) increase insulin sensitivity through activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ). One of the most important side effects of this drugs is its effects on bone, especially in postmenopausal women. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of diabetes mellitus (DM), insulin, and TZDs on bone in postmenopausal Wistar rats. Methods: Sixteen postmenopausal Wistar rats were divided into four groups: (i) control group, (ii) Streptozotocin-induced DM group without treatment, (iii) Streptozotocin-induced DM group with insulin therapy, and (iv) Streptozotocin-induced DM group receiving rosiglitazone. Pictures of the obtained samples were taken under computer-equipped photo-light microscope, and bone tissue ratios were calculated in an area of 1 mm2. In this area, trabecular thicknesses were measured from six randomly selected regions. In addition, femoral neck regions were determined by measuring the farthest distance. Results: Compared to the control group, trabecular thicknesses were decreased in the uncontrolled DM and rosiglitazone groups. In the rosiglitazone-treated group, trabecular thickness was decreased compared to the uncontrolled DM group. The histological examination of the bones showed that uncontrolled DM and rosiglitazone treatment negatively affected the osteoblast and osteocyte activity. Insulin-treated group had a similar histologic examination compared to the control group. Conclusion: Our study showed that DM had unfavorable effects on bones, and rosiglitazone further exerts this effect. However, the negative effect of DM may be neutralized with the use of insulin. Keywords: diabetes mellitus, bone, osteoporosis, bone histomorphometry, rosiglitazone, insulin, thiazolidinediones

scholarly journals Hypoglycemic Potential of Dietary Supplementation of Protein Isolate from Fermented Cucumeropsis manii in Streptozotocin Induced Hyperglycemic in Male Wistar Albino Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-42
Author(s):  
A. O. Abiola ◽  
A. O. Iyoribhe ◽  
S. A. Adeniyi ◽  
O. B. Adu ◽  
A. S. Ogunbowale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Protein Isolate ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes

The effect of Protein isolate from fermented melon seeds (Ogiri Protei Isolates; OPI) of Cucumeropsis manii on blood glucose, lipid profile, and antioxidant enzyme activities in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats was investigated. Thirty Male Wistar rats were divided into five equal groups. GThe first control group with no exposure. The second group of rats with Streptozotocin-induced non-treated diabetes. The 3rd and 4th groups of rats with Streptozotocin-induced diabetes supplemented with Ogiri protein isolates (200, 600 mg/kg in diet). And the 5th group of rats with Streptozotocin-induced diabetes administered glibenclamide in a dose 500 ug/kg in diet [17]. The OPI was administered for 6 weeks. The administration of OPI reduced the blood glucose concentration of the STZ-induced diabetic rats. Sera and hepatic superoxide dismutase, activities of the STZ-induced diabetic rats were significantly (P< 0.05) increased in comparison with the diabetic control rats. Lipid peroxidation of the supplemented OPI diabetic rats was significantly (P< 0.05) decreased in comparison with the diabetic control rats as the administration of OPI to the STZ-induced diabetic rats significantly increased the enzymes’ activities. The concentration of low-density lipoproteins in the OPI supplemented rats was significantly elevated. These data demonstrate that OPI supplements might be beneficial for correcting hyperglycemia but the consumption of OPI can modulate some tissue lipids in a direction not beneficial for CVD risk in patients with diabetes.

scholarly journals BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS AND THE MICROSCOPIC STRUCTURE OF KIDNEY WISTAR RAT DIABETES MELLITUS UNDER THE EFFECT OF LAWSONIA INERMIS (LINN.) LEAVES ETHANOLIC EXTRACT

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 257
Author(s):  
Mutiara Indah Sari ◽  
Maya Anjelir Antika ◽  
Dwi Rita Anggraini
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lawsonia Inermis ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Glucose Levels

 Objective: Lawsonia inermis (Linn.) leaves are one of the alternative medicines to treat diabetes mellitus in Indonesia. We investigated the blood glucose level (BGL) of the L. inermis (Linn.) leaves ethanolic extract (LLEE) leaves and evaluated the histopathological alterations in diabetic rats.Methods: This study was an experimental study with posttest - only control group design. Alloxan (120 mg/kg, intraperitoneally)-induced diabetic rats. 35 of Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) were divided randomly into five groups, i.e. K: Normal control, P1: Diabetic control, and P2, P3, and P4 (200 mg/kg body weight [BW], 400 mg/kg BW, and 600 mg/kg BW of LLEE, orally) for 28 days. At the end of the treatment, the rats were sacrificed to obtain the kidney for histopathological evaluation using hematoxylin and eosin technique. BGLs were conducted using a glucose meter (GlucoDR).Results: One-way ANOVA test showed that dose 400 mg/kg BW of the LLEE was related to BGL of alloxan-induced diabetic rats (p=0.000). The histopathological of kidney showed glomerular inflammation (GI), epithelial membrane lining degeneration, vascular congestion, and interstitial tubule hemorrhage at diabetic control (P1). Meanwhile, treated with 600 mg/kg BW of LLEE (P4) showed increase cellular regeneration as normal architecture of the kidney.Conclusion: The LLEE at dose 400 mg/kg BW effective decreased BGL and was able to restore the kidney destruction of alloxan-induced diabetic rats at dose 600 mg/kg BW.

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