Effect of Growth Nutrients on Attachment of Listeria monocytogenes To Stainless Steel

Listeria monocytogenes cells grown in chemically defined minimal medium (D10), tryptic soy broth (TSB), and modifications of these media were used to determine the effect of growth nutrients on attachment ability. Stainless steel surfaces were submerged in various cell suspensions at 21°C for 4 h, and the numbers of attached cells were compared. Cells grown in D10 showed approximately 50-fold higher attachment than those grown in TSB. Addition of components of D10 to TSB did not affect the attachment ability of cells grown in TSB. The only modifications of D10, which affected attachment ability were a 10-fold increase of ammonium chloride concentration and a 1/10 reduction in iron, both of which resulted in decreases in attachment ability to one third of the D10 control. Replacement of glucose in D10 with mannose, cellobiose, fructose or trehalose did not effect cell attachment. Replacement of nitrogen components in D10 with tryptone decreased cell attachment to the equivalent level of cells grown in TSB. The reduced attachment ability of TSB-grown cells was not the result of hydrolyzed protein absorbing to the cell surface.

Download Full-text

An Insight into Surface Topographical Parameters and Bacterial Adhesion: A Case Study of Listeria monocytogenes Scott A Attachment on 304 Stainless Steel

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-19-279 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 83 (3) ◽

pp. 426-433

Author(s):

JAYANTI DAS ◽

JENNIFER A. CHASE ◽

MELISSA L. PARTYKA ◽

EDWARD R. ATWILL ◽

BARBARA LINKE

Keyword(s):

Surface Roughness ◽

Stainless Steel ◽

Listeria Monocytogenes ◽

Cell Attachment ◽

Bacterial Colonization ◽

Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽

Bacterial Attachment ◽

304 Stainless Steel ◽

Attachment Behavior ◽

Steel Surfaces

ABSTRACT Bacterial attachment on surfaces is an important biological and industrial concern. Many parameters affect cell attachment behavior, including surface roughness and other topographical features. An understanding of these relationships is critical in the light of recent outbreaks caused by foodborne bacteria. Postharvest packing lines have been identified as a potential source of cross-contamination with pathogens, which can cause subsequent foodborne illness. The objective of this article is to evaluate the influence of surface topographical features on bacterial attachment at various processing temperatures to determine the extent of bacterial colonization. Type 304 stainless steel surfaces and pathogenic Listeria monocytogenes Scott A were used for a detailed investigation. Two commonly used surface types, extruded and ground, were evaluated to determine differences in bacterial attachment on the same type of material. Fifteen surface topography parameters at three processing temperatures were studied to evaluate possible correlations with microbial attachment on these surfaces. Scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and confocal microscopy were used for both qualitative and quantitative analyses of surfaces. An analysis of variance and multivariate regression analysis were used to predict the attachment behavior of L. monocytogenes Scott A on stainless steel surfaces. Surface isotropy, average surface roughness, surface spacing, and processing temperatures were strongly correlated with bacterial attachment on 304 stainless steel material. HIGHLIGHTS

Download Full-text

Adsorption on stainless steel surfaces of biosurfactants produced by gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria: Consequence on the bioadhesive behavior of Listeria monocytogenes

Colloids and Surfaces B Biointerfaces ◽

10.1016/j.colsurfb.2006.04.016 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 52 (2) ◽

pp. 128-137 ◽

Cited By ~ 54

Author(s):

Thierry Meylheuc ◽

Christophe Methivier ◽

Margareth Renault ◽

Jean-Marie Herry ◽

Claire-Marie Pradier ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

Listeria Monocytogenes ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Gram Positive Bacteria ◽

Steel Surfaces

Download Full-text

Comparison of three neutralizing broths for environmental sampling of low levels of Listeria monocytogenes desiccated on stainless steel surfaces and exposed to quaternary ammonium compounds

BMC Microbiology ◽

10.1186/s12866-020-02004-1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Fengmin Li ◽

Zhihan Xian ◽

Hee Jin Kwon ◽

Jiyoon Yoo ◽

Laurel Burall ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

Listeria Monocytogenes ◽

Quaternary Ammonium ◽

Storage Conditions ◽

Ammonium Compound ◽

Environmental Sampling ◽

High Concentration ◽

Environmental Test ◽

Steel Surfaces ◽

Low Levels

Abstract Background An effective environmental sampling method involves the use of a transport/neutralizing broth with the ability to neutralize sanitizer residues that are collected during sampling and to maintain viability of stressed Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) cells. Results We applied Lm onto stainless steel surfaces and then subjected Lm to desiccation stress for 16–18 h at room temperature (RT, 21–24 °C). This was followed by the subsequent application of Whisper™ V, a quaternary ammonium compound (QAC)-based sanitizer, diluted to 400 ppm and 8000 ppm of active quat, for 6 h. We then sampled Lm with sponges pre-moistened in three transport broths, Dey/Engley (D/E) broth, Letheen broth and HiCap™ broth, to generate environmental samples that contained sanitizer residues and low levels of stressed Lm, which were subsequently analyzed by an enrichment-based method. This scheme conformed with validation guidelines of AOAC International by using 20 environmental test portions per broth that contained low levels of Lm such that not all test portions were positive (i.e., fractional positive). We showed that D/E broth, Letheen broth and HiCap™ broth performed similarly when no quat or 400 ppm of quat was applied to the Lm contaminating stainless steel surfaces. However, when 8000 ppm of quat was applied, Letheen broth did not effectively neutralize the QAC in the samples. These comparisons were performed on samples stored under three conditions after collection to replicate scenarios of sample transport, RT for 2 h, 4 °C for 24 h and 4 °C for 72 h. Comparisons under the three different scenarios generally reached the same conclusions. In addition, we further demonstrated that storing Letheen and HiCap™ broths at RT for two months before sampling did not reduce their capacity to neutralize sanitizers. Conclusions We developed a scheme to evaluate the ability of transport broths to neutralize QAC sanitizers. The three transport broths performed similarly with a commonly used concentration of quat, but Letheen broth could not effectively neutralize a very high concentration of QAC. The performance of transport broths was not significantly affected under the assessed pre-sampling and post-sampling storage conditions.

Download Full-text

Nanoengineered Superhydrophobic Surfaces to Prevent Adhesion of Listeria monocytogenes for Improved Food Safety

Transactions of the ASABE ◽

10.13031/trans.13934 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 63 (5) ◽

pp. 1401-1407

Author(s):

Bog Eum Lee ◽

Youngsang You ◽

Won Choi ◽

Eun-mi Hong ◽

Marisa M. Wall ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

Listeria Monocytogenes ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Electrochemical Etching ◽

Contact Angles ◽

Bacterial Attachment ◽

Superhydrophobic Surfaces ◽

List Type ◽

Ptfe Film ◽

Steel Surfaces

HighlightsNanoporous superhydrophobic surfaces were fabricated using electrochemical etching and Teflon coating.Adhesion of Listeria monocytogenes to the nanoengineered stainless steel surfaces was reduced.Self-cleanable food-contact surfaces prevent bacterial attachment and subsequent biofilm formation.Abstract. Bacterial attachment on solid surfaces and subsequent biofilm formation is a significant problem in the food industry. Superhydrophobic surfaces have potential to prevent bacterial adhesion by minimizing the contact area between bacterial cells and the surface. In this study, stainless steel-based superhydrophobic surfaces were fabricated by manipulating nanostructures with electrochemical etching and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) film. The formation of nanostructures on stainless steel surfaces was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The stainless steel surfaces etched at 10 V for 5 min and at 10 V for 10 min with PTFE deposition resulted in average water contact angles of 154° ±4° with pore diameters of 50 nm. In addition, adhesion of Listeria monocytogenes was decreased by up to 99% compared to the bare substrate. These findings demonstrate the potential for the development of antibacterial surfaces by combining nanoporous patterns with PTFE films. Keywords: Electrochemical etching, PTFE, Nanoengineered surface, L. monocytogenes, Superhydrophobic.

Download Full-text

Effectiveness of a Novel Rechargeable Polycationic N-Halamine Antibacterial Coating on Listeria monocytogenes Survival in Food Processing Environments

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/jfp-20-084 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 83 (11) ◽

pp. 1974-1982

Author(s):

GERARDO MEDINA ◽

HARSHITA CHAUDHARY ◽

YANG QIU ◽

YUCHEN NAN ◽

ARGENIS RODAS-GONZÁLEZ ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

Listeria Monocytogenes ◽

Surface Condition ◽

Organic Load ◽

Log Reduction ◽

Food Contact Surfaces ◽

Roast Beef ◽

Steel Surfaces ◽

The Difference ◽

Steel Coupon

ABSTRACT The goal of this research was to evaluate the efficacy of a novel rechargeable nonleaching polycationic N-halamine coating applied to stainless steel food contact surfaces to reduce Listeria monocytogenes contamination on ready-to-eat (RTE) foods. Four L. monocytogenes strains were inoculated onto the charged (C; chlorine activated) or noncharged (NC) N-halamine–coated steel coupon surfaces that were either intact or scratched. After inoculation, test surfaces were incubated at 2, 10, and 25°C for 0, 48, and 72 h. L. monocytogenes transfer from coated adulterated surfaces to RTE meat (beef sausages and roast beef) was also tested at 2°C. L. monocytogenes on both intact-C and scratched-C surfaces was significantly reduced at all temperatures; however, in the presence of organic material, these coatings were more effective for reducing L. monocytogenes at 2 and 10°C than at 25°C (P < 0.05). In contrast, on NC intact and scratched surfaces, reduction at 25°C increased (P < 0.05), decreasing the difference in L. monocytogenes levels between charged and noncharged intact and scratched surfaces at this temperature. Overall, greater L. monocytogenes reduction was achieved on intact-C and scratched-C (4.1 ± 0.19 log CFU/cm2) than on intact-NC and scratched-NC (2.3 ± 0.19 log CFU/cm2) surfaces at all temperatures (P < 0.05). The combination of surface condition and chlorine with coupons exposed for 2 h at 2°C in the presence of an organic load (50% meat purge) did not significantly affect the bactericidal efficacy of the N-halamine coating. Regarding transfer to RTE meat, an overall 3.7-log reduction in L. monocytogenes was observed in sausages and roast beef. These findings suggest that a novel rechargeable N-halamine coating on stainless steel surfaces can inactivate L. monocytogenes. HIGHLIGHTS

Download Full-text

Attachment of Listeria monocytogenes to Stainless Steel Surfaces at Various Temperatures and pH Values

Journal of Food Science ◽

10.1111/j.1365-2621.1988.tb09321.x ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 53 (5) ◽

pp. 1549-1562 ◽

Cited By ~ 108

Author(s):

PAULA J. HERALD ◽

EDMUND A. ZOTTOLA

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

Listeria Monocytogenes ◽

Ph Values ◽

Steel Surfaces

Download Full-text

Growth of Listeria monocytogenes as a Biofilm on Various Food-Processing Surfaces

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x-59.8.827 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 59 (8) ◽

pp. 827-831 ◽

Cited By ~ 208

Author(s):

ISABEL C. BLACKMAN ◽

JOSEPH F. FRANK

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

Listeria Monocytogenes ◽

Food Processing ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Minimal Medium ◽

Processing Plant ◽

Biofilm Growth ◽

Sanitary Condition ◽

Plant Environment ◽

Substantial Risk

The objective of this research was to determine the ability of Listeria monocytogenes to grow as a biofilm on various food-processing surfaces including stainless steel, Teflon®, nylon, and polyester floor sealant. Each of these surfaces was able to support biofilm formation when incubation was at 21°C in Trypticase soy broth (TSB). Biofilm formation was greatest on polyester floor sealant (40% of surface area covered after 7 days of incubation) and least on nylon (3% coverage). The use of chemically defined minimal medium resulted in a lack of biofilm formation on polyester floor sealant, and reduced biofilm levels on stainless steel. Biofilm formation was reduced with incubation at 10°C, but Teflon® and stainless steel still allowed 23 to 24% coverage after incubation in TSB for 18 days. Biofilm growth of L. monocytogenes was sufficient to provide a substantial risk of this pathogen contaminating the food-processing plant environment if wet surfaces are not maintained in a sanitary condition.

Download Full-text