Comparison of Methods for Enumeration of Yeasts and Molds in Shredded Low-Moisture, Part-Skim Mozzarella Cheese

2000 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 529-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANA S. SPANGENBERG ◽  
STEVEN C. INGHAM
Keyword(s):  
Rose Bengal ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Comparison Of Methods ◽  
Mozzarella Cheese ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Yeasts And Molds

Two studies were conducted to compare established and new methods for enumerating yeasts and molds in shredded low-moisture, part-skim mozzarella cheese stored under refrigeration and temperature-abuse conditions. Yeast and mold counts covered a range of 6 log10 units. In study 1, the potato dextrose agar plus chlortetracycline (PDA) pour plate, dichloran rose bengal chloramphenicol (DRBC) spread plate, Petrifilm, and Iso-Grid hydrophobic grid–membrane filtration methods were used to analyze samples after ≤1 day of unopened storage at 7°C and after opening, resealing, and 2 days of storage at 25°C. The results of all methods were highly correlated (r2 ≥ 0.96). In study 2, the PDA, DRBC, and Iso-Grid methods were compared with the Simplate 2-day method in an analysis of 42 samples stored for various times at 8, 11, 15, and/or 22°C. The results of all methods except the Simplate method were again highly correlated (r2 ≥ 0.94), although yeasts and molds were not always detected by all methods. Compared with the PDA, DRBC, and Iso-Grid methods, the Simplate method most often (10 of 42 samples, 23.8%) failed to detect yeasts and molds when at least one other method did, and the results were less highly correlated with those of other methods (r2 = 0.88 to 0.90). Our results suggest that the PDA, DRBC, Petrifilm, and Iso-Grid methods are equivalent for enumerating yeasts and molds in shredded low-moisture, part-skim mozzarella cheese samples.

Two-Day Yeast and Mold Enumeration Using the ISO-GRID® Membrane Filtration System in Conjunction with YM-11 Agar

1996 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 416-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
PHYLLIS ENTIS ◽  
IRINA LERNER
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
Product Categories ◽  
Filtration System ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Yeasts And Molds

A 2-day yeast and mold enumeration procedure using the ISO-GRID® membrane filtration system in conjunction with a new culture medium, YM-11 agar, was compared to the conventional 5-day pour plate method using antibiotic-supplemented potato dextrose agar. Performance of the new method was evaluated using both pure cultures of yeasts and molds and 275 food samples, representing 25 different food products. The 2-day ISO-GRID® method yielded counts equivalent to or significantly higher than the 5-day pour plate method in 23 of the 25 food product categories.

Evaluation of Media for Enumerating Yeasts and Molds in Fresh and Frozen Fruit Purees

1985 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 312-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. R. BEUCHAT ◽  
B. V. NAIL
Keyword(s):  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Rose Bengal ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
High Acid ◽  
Plate Count Agar ◽  
Fungal Populations ◽  
Yeasts And Molds ◽  
Selection Of

Five mycological media were evaluated for their suitability to enumerate yeasts and molds in 11 different fresh and frozen fruit purees. Overall, acidified (pH 3.5) potato dextrose agar (PDA) and oxytetracycline - glucose - yeast extract (OGY, pH 6.5) agar supported highest overall recovery of total fungal populations from purees; plate count agar supplemented with antibiotics and rose bengal - chlortetracycline agar (RBC) were inferior. Dichloran - rose bengal - chloramphenicol agar was superior for restricting spreading of molds, thus facilitating enumeration of colonies. RBC agar was superior to PDA for recovering molds; PDA was superior to RBC for detecting yeasts. It is concluded that selection of acidified PDA and OGY in lieu of other mycological media is appropriate when high-acid food materials such as fruit purees are analyzed for total fungal populations. These media would be exceptionally desirable when test products contain low populations of molds and high populations of yeasts.

Comparison of Culture Media, Simplate, and Petrifilm for Enumeration of Yeasts and Molds in Food

2001 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
pp. 1592-1596 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARTA H. TANIWAKI ◽  
NEUSELY da SILVA ◽  
ANDRÉIA A. BANHE ◽  
BEATRIZ T. IAMANAKA
Keyword(s):  
Orange Juice ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Corn Meal ◽  
Mozzarella Cheese ◽  
Cassava Flour ◽  
Pineapple Pulp ◽  
Yeasts And Molds ◽  
Mold And Yeast

The efficacy of three culture media, dichloran rose bengal chloramphenicol (DRBC), dichloran 18% glycerol agar (DG18), and potato dextrose agar (PDA) supplemented with two antibiotics, were compared with the Simplate and Petrifilm techniques for mold and yeast enumeration. The following foods were analyzed: corn meal, wheat flour, cassava flour, bread crumbs, whole meal, sliced bread, ground peanuts, mozzarella cheese, grated parmesan cheese, cheese rolls, orange juice, pineapple pulp, pineapple cake, and mushroom in conserve. Correlation coefficients of DRBC versus PDA and DG18 for recovering total mold and yeast counts from the composite of 14 foods indicated that the three media were generally equivalent. Correlation coefficients for Petrifilm versus culture media were acceptable, although not as good as between culture media. Correlation coefficients of Simplate versus DRBC, DG18, PDA, and Petrifilm for recovering total yeasts and molds from a composite of 11 foods demonstrated that there was no equivalence between the counts obtained by Simplate and other culture media and Petrifilm, with significant differences observed for the most foods analyzed.

scholarly journals Droplet Digital PCR (ddPCR) Analysis for the Detection and Quantification of Cow DNA in Buffalo Mozzarella Cheese

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1270
Author(s):  
Anna Cutarelli ◽  
Andrea Fulgione ◽  
Pasquale Fraulo ◽  
Francesco Paolo Serpe ◽  
Pasquale Gallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Digital Pcr ◽  
Buffalo Milk ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Mozzarella Cheese ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Protected Designation Of Origin ◽  
Commission Regulation ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Digital Polymerase Chain Reaction

Buffalo mozzarella cheese is one of the most appreciated traditional Italian products and it is certified as a Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) product under the European Commission Regulation No. 1151/2012. It is obtained exclusively from buffalo milk. If made from cow milk, or a mixture of buffalo and cow milk, buffalo mozzarella cheese does not qualify as a PDO product. In order to maximize their profits, some producers market buffalo mozzarella that also contains cow milk as a PDO product, thus defrauding consumers. New methods for revealing this fraud are therefore needed. One such method is the droplet digital Polymerase Chain Reaction (ddPCR). Thanks to its high precision and sensitivity, the ddPCR could prove an efficacious means for detecting the presence of cow milk in buffalo mozzarella cheese that is marketed as a PDO product. ddPCR has proved able to detect the DNA of cow and/or buffalo milk in 33 buffalo mozzarella cheeses labelled as PDO products, and experimental evidence could support its application in routine analyses.

AN AUREOMYCIN-ROSE BENGAL AGAR FOR ENUMERATION OF YEAST AND MOLD IN COTTAGE CHEESE

1969 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 442-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. W. Overcast ◽  
David J. Weakley
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Rose Bengal ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Cottage Cheese ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mold And Yeast

A peptone dextrose agar containing 20 ppm of aureomycin and 20 ppm of rose bengal was compared to acidified potato dextrose agar for the enumeration of yeast and mold. Mold and yeast isolates, as well as yeast and mold from Cottage cheese, were compared on the two agars. The results of the study showed no statistically significant difference between the mean counts on the agars and tests for bacterial growth of five species were all negative. The aureomycin-rose bengal agar had several advantages over the potato dextrose (PD) agar; spreading mold colonies were eliminated, there was no precipitation of casein to interfere with counting colonies, the possibility of some yeast and mold species not growing because of the low pH of the acidified PD medium was eliminated, and the red background aided in detecting colonies of yeast and mold.

COMPARISON OF MEDIA FOR THE ISOLATION OF FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM F. SP. LYCOPERSICI FROM SAWDUST USED FOR GROWING TOMATOES

1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 373-374
Author(s):  
M. G. ANDERSON ◽  
R. G. ATKINSON
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Rose Bengal ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Selective Isolation ◽  
Streptomycin Sulphate ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill ◽  
Agar Media ◽  
Greenhouse Tomatoes

Various agar media amended with antimicrobial agents were compared for the selective isolation of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici from sawdust used for growing greenhouse tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). Potato dextrose agar amended with pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB) (500 mg/l) and streptomycin sulphate (300 mg/l proved to be the most satisfactory medium, tested. These antimicrobial agents, unlike rose bengal, did not reduce the number of Fusarium colonies isolated.

Modeling NOM fouling of low pressure membranes: impact of membrane properties and NOM characteristics

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-83
Author(s):  
NoHwa Lee ◽  
John Pellegrino ◽  
Gary Amy
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Membrane Properties ◽  
Flux Decline ◽  
Cake Layer ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Significant Flux

This research attempted to identify characteristic coordinates responsible for significant flux decline in low pressure membrane filtration, and to explain relationships among those coordinates with a modeling approach. A Pearson's correlation matrix supported that significant flux decline over a short time frame (low delivered DOC) is highly correlated with high molecular weight (MW) components of NOM. Simulations of flux decline by model equations were close to the experimental results revealing that low pressure membrane fouling is dominantly affected by NOM characteristics and membrane properties. One source water, exhibiting the highest flux decline, showed mostly cake formation as a fouling mechanism. The results indicate that significant flux decline is caused by high MW components leading to formation of a cake layer. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that high MW polysaccharides are the most important NOM component affecting significant membrane fouling.

scholarly journals CONTAGEM DE FUNGOS NO CONTROLE DE QUALIDADE DA ERVA-MATE (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil ) E ISOLAMENTO DE GÊNEROS POTENCIALMENTE MICOTOXIGÊNICOS

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
LARISSA ROLIM BORGES ◽  
IDA CHAPAVAL PIMENTEL ◽  
MARCIA REGINA BEUX ◽  
ANELISE TALAMINI
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Rose Bengal ◽  
Ilex Paraguariensis ◽  
Penicillium Sp ◽  
Food Contaminant ◽  
Plating Method ◽  
Aspergillus Sp ◽  
Rhizopus Sp ◽  
Yeasts And Molds ◽  
Made In

Realizou-se a contagem de fungos filamentosos e leveduras em cinco marcas de erva-mate, adquiridas em estabelecimentos comerciais da cidade de Curitiba, PR (Brasil), visando à quantificação, isolamento e identificação de gêneros potencialmente micotoxigênicos. Foi utilizado o método de plaqueamento em superfície, em meio Ágar Dicloran Rosa de Bengala Cloranfenicol. Os fungos isolados e identificados foram Aspergillus sp. (62,13%), Penicillium sp. (32,35%) e Rhizopus sp. (5,52%), sendo os dois primeiros considerados potencialmente micotoxigênicos e o último considerado contaminante comumente encontrado em alimentos. COUNTING OF FUNGI IN THE QUALITY CONTROL OF MATE (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil) AND ISOLATION OF GENERA HIGHLY MICOTOXIGENIC Abstract The counting of yeasts and molds was made in five commercial brands of mate in Curitiba, PR, (Brazil) with the objective of quantify, isolate and identify the genera potentially mycotoxigenic. It was utilized the surface plating method in medium Dichloran Rose Bengal Chloramphenicol agar (DRBC). The isolated and identified fungi were Aspergillus sp. (62,13%), Penicillium sp. (32,35%) and Rhizopus sp. (5,52%), the first and second are potentially micotoxigenic and the last one usually found as food contaminant.

Assessment of microbiological quality of drinking water from household tanks in Bermuda

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 495-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Lévesque ◽  
D. Pereg ◽  
E. Watkinson ◽  
J.S. Maguire ◽  
L. Bissonnette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
General Information ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Electoral Register ◽  
Highly Correlated

Bermuda residents collect rainwater from rooftops to fulfil their freshwater needs. The objective of this study was to assess the microbiological quality of drinking water in household tanks throughout Bermuda. The tanks surveyed were selected randomly from the electoral register. Governmental officers visited the selected household (n = 102) to collect water samples and administer a short questionnaire about the tank characteristics, the residents’ habits in terms of water use, and general information on the water collecting system and its maintenance. At the same time, water samples were collected for analysis and total coliforms and Escherichia coli were determined by 2 methods (membrane filtration and culture on chromogenic media, Colilert kit). Results from the 2 methods were highly correlated and showed that approximately 90% of the samples analysed were contaminated with total coliforms in concentrations exceeding 10 CFU/100 mL, and approximately 66% of samples showed contamination with E. coli. Tank cleaning in the year prior to sampling seems to protect against water contamination. If rainwater collection from roofs is the most efficient mean for providing freshwater to Bermudians, it must not be considered a source of high quality drinking water because of the high levels of microbial contamination.

scholarly journals A COMPARISON OF METHODS USING STRAIN GAUGES TO MONITOR PHYSIOLOGICAL MOVEMENTS ON A HOSPITAL BED

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 352-357
Author(s):  
Vladimír Socha ◽  
Patrik Kutílek ◽  
Pavel Smrčka ◽  
Luboš Socha
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Strain Gauge ◽  
Patient Monitoring ◽  
Strain Gauges ◽  
Horizontal Position ◽  
Comparison Of Methods ◽  
Bending Deformation ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Hospital Bed ◽  
Torsion Deformation

Two methods which are suitable to monitor the small movements of the patient in a horizontal position on the bed are compared. The methods use sensors based on strain gauge bridges configured to measure the torsion deformation and sensors based on strain gauge bridges configured to measure the bending deformation of two two-arm brackets. Both methods provide information about the patient's physiological movements. The methods were tested and compared in order to decide which methods may be most appropriate in clinical practice. The two methods have never been compared before, and the results can be used in development of the new methods of patient monitoring.

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