Aesthetic attitude

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm Budd
Keyword(s):  
Good Reason ◽  
Aesthetic Attitude ◽  
Uniform Manner ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
Identical Fashion

It is undeniable that there are aesthetic and non-aesthetic attitudes. But is there such a thing as the aesthetic attitude? What is meant by the aesthetic attitude is the particular way in which we regard something when and only when we take an aesthetic interest in it. This assumes that on all occasions of aesthetic interest the object attended to is regarded in an identical fashion, unique to such occasions; and this assumption is problematic. If an attitude’s identity is determined by the features it is directed towards; if an aesthetic interest in an object is (by definition) an interest in its aesthetic qualities; and if the notion of aesthetic qualities can be explained in a uniform manner; then there is a unitary aesthetic attitude, namely an interest in an item’s aesthetic qualities. But this conception of the aesthetic attitude would be unsuitable for achieving the main aim of those who have posited the aesthetic attitude. This aim is to provide a definition of the aesthetic, but the aesthetic attitude, understood as any attitude focused upon an object’s aesthetic qualities, presupposes the idea of the aesthetic, and cannot be used to analyse it. So the question is whether there is a characterization of the aesthetic attitude that describes its nature without explicitly or implicitly relying on the concept of the aesthetic. There is no good reason to suppose so. Accordingly, there is no such thing as the aesthetic attitude, if this is an attitude that is both necessary and sufficient for aesthetic interest and that can be characterized independently of the aesthetic.

Equivalent norms on Banach Jordan algebras

1979 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Youngson
Keyword(s):  
Jordan Algebra ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Equivalent Norm ◽  
Jordan Algebras ◽  
The Self ◽  
Equivalent Norms ◽  
Positive Elements ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient

1. Introduction. Recently Kaplansky suggested the definition of a suitable Jordan analogue of B*-algebras, which we call J B*-algebras (see (10) and (11)). In this article, we give a characterization of those complex unital Banach Jordan algebras which are J B*-algebras in an equivalent norm. This is done by generalizing results of Bonsall ((3) and (4)) to give necessary and sufficient conditions on a real unital Banach Jordan algebra under which it is the self-adjoint part of a J B*-algebra in an equivalent norm. As a corollary we also obtain a characterization of the cones in a Banach Jordan algebra which are the set of positive elements of a J B*-algebra.

scholarly journals THE FORMATION OF THE AESTHETIC ATTITUDE OF JUNIOR SCHOOLCHILDREN TO FOLKLORE MEANS THE INTEGRATION OF THE ARTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 444-456
Author(s):  
Alexandra Ovchinnikova ◽  
Tatiana Sherstyuk ◽  
Tatiana Solovyeva ◽  
Irina Vitkovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Diagnostic Apparatus ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Aesthetic Attitude ◽  
Educational Sources ◽  
Psychological Educational ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
And Control ◽  
Verbal Development

The need to form the artistic and aesthetic attitude of children to folklore and to cultivate a love of popular culture actualizes the topic of the article.The purpose of the article is a theoretical justification for the possibility of integrating the arts as a means of forming the aesthetic attitude of junior schoolchildren to folklore; the development of a diagnostic apparatus (criteria, diagnostic techniques and levels) of the formation of the aesthetic attitude of children to folklore, the definition of the arts used in the training and their integration links.The authors propose the structure of the aesthetic attitude of children to folklore, the criteria of its formation (motives and needs of children to study folklore, imagery, verbalization, аbstraction, symbolism, metophorization describe the results of empirical research of the original level, the exact knowledge of which will contribute to an effective change in the aesthetic attitude of junior schoolchildren to folklore.The study is based on an analysis of philosophical and psychological-educational sources; empirical methods (pedagogical experiment, questionnaire, testing) and Methods of diagnosis of figurative and verbal development рersonality theory.The article provides examples of the judgments of junior schoolchildren, which led to the conclusion that, that children of experimental (EG) and control groups (KG) in general, show interest in the integration of arts and are at an average (61.5% EG, and 69.2% -KG) (23.1% - EG and 19.2% (KG) or low levels of the formation of aesthetic attitude to folklore. The findings suggest that further work is needed to develop this phenomenon.

Can This Be Art?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen Winner
Keyword(s):  
Formal Definition ◽  
Surface Form ◽  
Work Of Art ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
Works Of Art ◽  
Aesthetic Attitude ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
Open Concept

While philosophers have tried to define art by necessary and sufficient features, this effort has failed. Art is a socially constructed, open concept that eludes formal definition. While art cannot be tightly defined, we can loosely define art by listing possible characteristics of works of art—recognizing that this list must remain an open one. We may not be able define art, but philosophers and psychologists together have revealed the difference between observing something with or without an aesthetic attitude. While any artifact may be used as a work of art, we respond differently to that artifact when we believe it is was created intentionally as a work of art rather than a non-art artifact. We adopt an aesthetic attitude, paying attention to the surface form and the expressive properties of the object. This conclusion is consistent with Kant’s idea of the aesthetic attitude being a form of disinterested contemplation.

scholarly journals Mating Type in Chlamydomonas Is Specified by mid, the Minus-Dominance Gene

Genetics ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 146 (3) ◽  
pp. 859-869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick J Ferris ◽  
Ursula W Goodenough
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Mating Type ◽  
Codon Bias ◽  
Leucine Zipper ◽  
Laboratory Strain ◽  
Leucine Zipper Motif ◽  
Type Locus ◽  
Diploid Cells ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient

Diploid cells of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii that are heterozygous at the mating-type locus (mt  +/mt  –) differentiate as minus gametes, a phenomenon known as minus dominance. We report the cloning and characterization of a gene that is necessary and sufficient to exert this minus dominance over the plus differentiation program. The gene, called mid, is located in the rearranged (R) domain of the mt  – locus, and has duplicated and transposed to an autosome in a laboratory strain. The imp11 mt  – mutant, which differentiates as a fusion-incompetent plus gamete, carries a point mutation in mid. Like the fus1 gene in the mt  + locus, mid displays low codon bias compared with other nuclear genes. The mid sequence carries a putative leucine zipper motif, suggesting that it functions as a transcription factor to switch on the minus program and switch off the plus program of gametic differentiation. This is the first sex-determination gene to be characterized in a green organism.

scholarly journals Experimental Evaluation of Shear Behavior of Stone Masonry Wall

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2313
Author(s):  
Maria Luisa Beconcini ◽  
Pietro Croce ◽  
Paolo Formichi ◽  
Filippo Landi ◽  
Benedetta Puccini
Keyword(s):  
Shear Behavior ◽  
Stone Masonry ◽  
Masonry Walls ◽  
Mechanical Parameters ◽  
In Situ Tests ◽  
Capacity Curves ◽  
Historical Structures ◽  
Definition Of

The evaluation of the shear behavior of masonry walls is a first fundamental step for the assessment of existing masonry structures in seismic zones. However, due to the complexity of modelling experimental behavior and the wide variety of masonry types characterizing historical structures, the definition of masonry’s mechanical behavior is still a critical issue. Since the possibility to perform in situ tests is very limited and often conflicting with the needs of preservation, the characterization of shear masonry behavior is generally based on reference values of mechanical properties provided in modern structural codes for recurrent masonry categories. In the paper, a combined test procedure for the experimental characterization of masonry mechanical parameters and the assessment of the shear behavior of masonry walls is presented together with the experimental results obtained on three stone masonry walls. The procedure consists of a combination of three different in situ tests to be performed on the investigated wall. First, a single flat jack test is executed to derive the normal compressive stress acting on the wall. Then a double flat jack test is carried out to estimate the elastic modulus. Finally, the proposed shear test is performed to derive the capacity curve and to estimate the shear modulus and the shear strength. The first results obtained in the experimental campaign carried out by the authors confirm the capability of the proposed methodology to assess the masonry mechanical parameters, reducing the uncertainty affecting the definition of capacity curves of walls and consequently the evaluation of seismic vulnerability of the investigated buildings.

Fundamental relations and identities of fuzzy hyperalgebras

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Narjes Firouzkouhi ◽  
Abbas Amini ◽  
Chun Cheng ◽  
Mehdi Soleymani ◽  
Bijan Davvaz
Keyword(s):  
Universal Algebra ◽  
Equivalence Relation ◽  
Polynomial Function ◽  
Equivalence Relations ◽  
Fundamental Relation ◽  
Term Function ◽  
Biological Phenomena ◽  
Definition Of

Inspired by fuzzy hyperalgebras and fuzzy polynomial function (term function), some homomorphism properties of fundamental relation on fuzzy hyperalgebras are conveyed. The obtained relations of fuzzy hyperalgebra are utilized for certain applications, i.e., biological phenomena and genetics along with some elucidatory examples presenting various aspects of fuzzy hyperalgebras. Then, by considering the definition of identities (weak and strong) as a class of fuzzy polynomial function, the smallest equivalence relation (fundamental relation) is obtained which is an important tool for fuzzy hyperalgebraic systems. Through the characterization of these equivalence relations of a fuzzy hyperalgebra, we assign the smallest equivalence relation α i 1 i 2 ∗ on a fuzzy hyperalgebra via identities where the factor hyperalgebra is a universal algebra. We extend and improve the identities on fuzzy hyperalgebras and characterize the smallest equivalence relation α J ∗ on the set of strong identities.

scholarly journals Genomic Tackling of Human Satellite DNA: Breaking Barriers through Time

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4707
Author(s):  
Mariana Lopes ◽  
Sandra Louzada ◽  
Margarida Gama-Carvalho ◽  
Raquel Chaves
Keyword(s):  
Human Genome ◽  
Satellite Dna ◽  
Repetitive Sequences ◽  
Nucleotide Composition ◽  
Genomic Component ◽  
Genomic Studies ◽  
Human Genomic ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
High Degree

(Peri)centromeric repetitive sequences and, more specifically, satellite DNA (satDNA) sequences, constitute a major human genomic component. SatDNA sequences can vary on a large number of features, including nucleotide composition, complexity, and abundance. Several satDNA families have been identified and characterized in the human genome through time, albeit at different speeds. Human satDNA families present a high degree of sub-variability, leading to the definition of various subfamilies with different organization and clustered localization. Evolution of satDNA analysis has enabled the progressive characterization of satDNA features. Despite recent advances in the sequencing of centromeric arrays, comprehensive genomic studies to assess their variability are still required to provide accurate and proportional representation of satDNA (peri)centromeric/acrocentric short arm sequences. Approaches combining multiple techniques have been successfully applied and seem to be the path to follow for generating integrated knowledge in the promising field of human satDNA biology.

scholarly journals A lattice-theoretic characterization of pure subgroups of Abelian groups

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ferrara ◽  
M. Trombetti
Keyword(s):  
Abelian Group ◽  
Abelian Groups ◽  
Subgroup Lattice ◽  
General Definition ◽  
Short Paper ◽  
Theoretic Characterization ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractLet G be an abelian group. The aim of this short paper is to describe a way to identify pure subgroups H of G by looking only at how the subgroup lattice $$\mathcal {L}(H)$$ L ( H ) embeds in $$\mathcal {L}(G)$$ L ( G ) . It is worth noticing that all results are carried out in a local nilpotent context for a general definition of purity.

scholarly journals On cryptographic properties of (n + 1)-bit S-boxes constructed by known n-bit S-boxes

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 258-265
Author(s):  
Yu Zhou ◽  
Daoguang Mu ◽  
Xinfeng Dong
Keyword(s):  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Sum Of Squares ◽  
Basic Component ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Autocorrelation Functions ◽  
Walsh Spectrum ◽  
Cryptographic Algorithms ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
Relationship Of

AbstractS-box is the basic component of symmetric cryptographic algorithms, and its cryptographic properties play a key role in security of the algorithms. In this paper we give the distributions of Walsh spectrum and the distributions of autocorrelation functions for (n + 1)-bit S-boxes in [12]. We obtain the nonlinearity of (n + 1)-bit S-boxes, and one necessary and sufficient conditions of (n + 1)-bit S-boxes satisfying m-order resilient. Meanwhile, we also give one characterization of (n + 1)-bit S-boxes satisfying t-order propagation criterion. Finally, we give one relationship of the sum-of-squares indicators between an n-bit S-box S0 and the (n + 1)-bit S-box S (which is constructed by S0).

scholarly journals Characterization of Spent Ni-MH Batteries

2012 ◽  
Vol 730-732 ◽  
pp. 569-574
Author(s):  
Marta Cabral ◽  
Fernanda Margarido ◽  
Carlos A. Nogueira
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Phase Identification ◽  
Recycling Process ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Leaching Experiments ◽  
Plastic Components ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Spent Ni-MH batteries are not considered too dangerous for the environment, but they have a considerable economical value due to the chemical composition of electrodes which are highly concentrated in metals. The present work aimed at the physical and chemical characterisation of spent cylindrical and thin prismatic Ni-MH batteries, contributing for a better definition of the recycling process of these spent products. The electrode materials correspond to more than 50% of the batteries weight and contain essentially nickel and rare earths (RE), and other secondary elements (Co, Mn, Al). The remaining components are the steel parts from the external case and supporting grids (near 30%) containing Fe and Ni, and the plastic components (<10%). Elemental quantitative analysis showed that the electrodes are highly concentrated in metals. Phase identification by X-ray powder diffraction combined with chemical analysis and leaching experiments allowed advancing the electrode materials composition. The cathode is essentially constituted by 6% metallic Ni, 66% Ni(OH)2, 4.3% Co(OH)2 and the anode consists mainly in 62% RENi5 and 17% of substitutes and/or additives such as Co, Mn and Al.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document