scholarly journals Influence of Fluid Motion on Evaporation in Drying Process and Estimation of the Evaporation Rate

Seikei-Kakou ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 135-141
Author(s):  
Takahiro Ono ◽  
Daisuke Suzuki ◽  
Keisuke Sato ◽  
Naoki Ono
Keyword(s):  
Evaporation Rate ◽  
Fluid Motion ◽  
Drying Process

KINETICS OF EVAPORATION OF A MODEL SOLUTION OF DISTILLERY DREGS CONTAINING PROTEIN, OIL AND SUGAR

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.С. ДАНИЛЬЧЕНКО ◽  
Т.Г. КОРОТКОВА ◽  
С.Ю. КСАНДОПУЛО
Keyword(s):  
Evaporation Rate ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Model Solution ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Sugar Water ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Drying Model ◽  
Kinetics Of

Рассмотрена кинетика сушки послеспиртовой барды при 60°С. Объектом исследований была модельная смесь, состоящая из воды, белков, жиров и растворимых углеводов. Представлены результаты исследований кинетики испарения воды и смесей вода–масло, вода–белок, вода–сахар, вода–масло–белок–сахар, помещенных в чашку Петри. Процесс испарения в изотермических условиях протекал в сушильном шкафу Memmert. Установлено, что добавление вещества в воду снижает скорость испарения воды в периоде постоянной скорости сушки, в периоде падающей скорости сушки продолжительность испарения возрастает. По результатам кинетики сушки модельных смесей можно определять коэффициенты активности компонентов и проводить исследование процесса сушки реальных смесей при проектировании сушилок. The kinetics of drying of the distillery dregs at 60°C is considered. The model mixture containing water, proteins, oils and soluble carbohydrates was the object of research. The results of experimental studies of the kinetics of evaporation of water and mixtures of water-oil, water-protein, water-sugar, water-oil-protein-sugar, placed in a Petri dish, are presented. Evaporation under isothermal conditions was carried out in a Memmert drying cabinet. It is established that the addition of the substance into the water reduces the evaporation rate of water in the period of constant drying speed, the duration of evaporation in the period of falling drying speed increases. According to the results of the kinetics of drying model mixtures, it is possible to determine the activity coefficients of the components and conduct a study of the drying process of real mixtures in the design of dryers.

Estimation of evaporation rate of water droplet group in spray drying process

2020 ◽  
Vol 227 ◽  
pp. 115938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayaka Okada ◽  
Shuji Ohsaki ◽  
Hideya Nakamura ◽  
Satoru Watano
Keyword(s):  
Spray Drying ◽  
Water Droplet ◽  
Evaporation Rate ◽  
Drying Process

Fertilizer from dried human urine added to ash and lime – a potential product from eco-sanitation system

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 1436-1445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanta Dutta ◽  
Björn Vinnerås
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Human Urine ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Evaporation Rate ◽  
Nitrogen Loss ◽  
Urea Hydrolysis ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
High Ph ◽  
Feasible Option ◽  
Rate Of Evaporation

This research explored the possibility of making fertilizer at a laboratory from source separated and untreated human urine added to ash and lime by drying at low temperatures. A mixture of ash and lime (1:1) was used as drying agent and human urine was applied as undiluted and fresh. Ash and lime were chosen as drying agents for maintaining a pH > 10 during the drying process, which should inhibit urea hydrolysis in urine, and thereby urea should be retained in the drying agent. The drying technique was developed and drying capacity of the system was quantified; three specific temperatures (20 °, 35 °, 60 °C) and two airflow rates (1 L/min and 5 L/min) were used in the experiment. A mass balance for nitrogen in the system was obtained. It was evident from the experiment that urea can be retained by maintaining a high pH (>10). Urine drying at 20 °C was not a feasible option, since rate of evaporation was very low. The highest retention of inflow nitrogen at 35 °C and 60 °C were 74% and 54%, respectively, in the produced fertilizer. Reduced evaporation rate, flooding of urine over drying agent, and blockage in airflow influenced nitrogen loss and concentration of nitrogen in the final product.

Reducing solvent evaporation rates for the detachment of anodic TiO2 nanotubular membranes

2012 ◽  
Vol 1442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guohua Liu ◽  
Nils Hoivik ◽  
Kaiying Wang ◽  
Henrik Jakobsen
Keyword(s):  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Evaporation Rate ◽  
Optoelectronic Devices ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Simple Process ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Potential Applications

ABSTRACTIn this paper, a simple process to fabricate free of disorder nanostructures, large area, flat and mechanically robust free-standing TiO2 nanotube (TNT) membranes was developed. Self-organized TNTs with ultrahigh aspect ratio (∼2000) were fabricated via anodization of Ti foil in fluorine containing ethylene glycol. Then by controlling the evaporation rate of rinsing solvent on the as-anodized TNT films in atmosphere, large area TNT membranes were self-detached uniformly from the metallic Ti substrate during the drying process. These free-standing membranes may exhibit many potential applications for optoelectronic devices.

scholarly journals Effect of Dispersion Medium and Dominated Evaporation on the Pattern Formation of Colloidal Suspension

2011 ◽  
Vol 228-229 ◽  
pp. 732-736
Author(s):  
Wen Jie Ma ◽  
Yu Ren Wang
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Formation ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Dispersion Medium ◽  
Evaporation Rate ◽  
Colloidal Suspension ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Broad Ring ◽  
Proportional Variation

We study the effect of dispersion medium and dominated evaporation on the drying process and pattern of thin liquid layer colloidal suspention. Panasonic camera is used to capture the drying process and macroscopic pattern. It is shown that drying patterns are sensitive to the dispersion medium. As the volume ratio of ethanol in aqueous ethanol colloidal suspension increases, the evaporation rate increases, and film in the center becomes smaller and thinner, obvious broad-ring pattern can be observed. We suggest that difference in dispersion medium changes the evaporation rate, which has a direct proportional variation with strength of Marangoni convection. Furthermore, convection strength has great influence on self-assembly of colloid particles and the pattern formation of colloidal suspension. We design two simple experiments to change the evaporation rate and convection strength in order to verify the conclusion above. Broad-ring patterns with spray-like round edge at higher evaporation rate are obtained. Uniform film forms at lower evaporation rate.

scholarly journals Mechanism Influencing the Drying Behavior of Bitumen Emulsion

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 3878
Author(s):  
Chun Li ◽  
Jian Ouyang ◽  
Fangjie Dou ◽  
Jingtao Shi
Keyword(s):  
Droplet Size ◽  
Evaporation Rate ◽  
Intermediate Stage ◽  
Water Evaporation ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Bitumen Emulsion ◽  
Drying Behavior ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Bitumen Emulsions

The drying process of bitumen emulsion largely dominates the strength development of emulsion-based mixtures for pavement structure, thus it can be used to judge the quality of bitumen emulsion. However, the drying behaviour of bitumen emulsions was seldom considered. The emulsion drying and film formation theory are employed to study the drying process of different bitumen emulsions with a thin layer. Results indicated the drying process of bitumen emulsion can be divided into three stages: (a) an initial high evaporation rate stage; (b) an intermediate stage with a rapidly decreasing evaporation rate; (c) a final stage with a very small evaporation rate. The boundaries among the three stages can be identified by studying the water evaporation rate. Three drying parameters, i.e., the critical volume fractions of bitumen defining the boundaries among the three stages and the maximum packing fraction of bitumen droplets, are proposed to quantitatively characterize the drying behavior of bitumen emulsion. High values of these parameters indicate a bitumen emulsion that has rapid drying behavior. Therefore, these parameters are independent of the emulsifier type, but they are highly dependent on the bitumen’s droplet size. These drying parameters increase with a decrease in bitumen droplet size. Therefore, bitumen emulsion with a smaller size distribution of bitumen droplets can have a more rapid drying behavior, which is recommended in real engineering.

Improving the Performance and Energy Efficiency of Pneumatic Dryer for Okara

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 729-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chatchai Nimmol ◽  
Anucha Hirunwat
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Evaporation Rate ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Water Evaporation ◽  
Drying Process

Abstract. A corrugated-pipe drying column and a multipass drying concept (one-pass and two-pass drying) were proposed in this study to improve the performance and energy efficiency of a conventional pneumatic dryer for okara. The performance (in terms of volumetric water evaporation rate and volumetric heat transfer coefficient) and the energy efficiency of the dryer were evaluated. With the use of the corrugated-pipe drying column, the moisture reduction of the okara, the volumetric water evaporation rate, and the volumetric heat transfer coefficient were enhanced. The specific energy consumption (SEC) of the drying process was also improved. The maximum values of the volumetric water evaporation rate and the volumetric heat transfer coefficient of 765 kgwater m-3 h-1 and 6966 W m-3 K-1, respectively, were found when drying was performed by the system using the corrugated-pipe drying column. The lowest value of the SEC of 3.03 MJ kgwater-1 was also observed. The lowest final moisture content of okara obtained after the two-pass drying was around 0.72 kgwater kgdrysolid-1. Keywords: Corrugated pipe, Multipass drying, Okara, Pneumatic dryer, Specific energy consumption, Volumetric heat transfer coefficient, Volumetric water evaporation rate.

scholarly journals The Effects of Fiber Inclusion on the Evolution of Desiccation Cracking in Soil-Cement

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (17) ◽  
pp. 4974
Author(s):  
Yaxing Xu ◽  
Xin Yao ◽  
Yan Zhuang ◽  
Wei Duan ◽  
Xidong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strain Field ◽  
Evaporation Rate ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol Fiber ◽  
Soil Cement ◽  
Crack Monitoring ◽  
Desiccation Cracking ◽  
Propagation Pattern

Desiccation cracking frequently occurs in mud, clay, and pavement. Understanding the evolution of desiccation cracking may facilitate the development of techniques to mitigate cracking and even prevent it from developing altogether. In this study, experimental investigations were performed focusing on the effects of fibers on the evolution of desiccation cracking in soil-cement. Varied types of fibers (i.e., jute fiber and polyvinyl alcohol fiber (PVA)) and fiber contents (i.e., 0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, and 1%) were involved. The digital image correlation (DIC) method was employed to capture the evolution and propagation of cracks in the soil-cement specimens when subjected to desiccation. The results show that the presence of fibers imposes significant effects on the crack propagation pattern as well as the area and length of the cracks in the soil-cement during shrinkage. The addition of fibers, however, insignificantly affects the evaporation rate of the specimens. The crack area and crack length of the specimens decreased significantly when more fibers were included. There were no macroscopic cracks observed in the specimens where the fiber content was 1%. The DIC method effectively helped to determine the evolution of displacement and strain field on the specimens’ surface during the drying process. The DIC method is therefore useful for crack monitoring.

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