scholarly journals Palaeoseismologic and geomorphic investigations along the middle portion of the Ovindoli-Pezza Fault (Central Italy)

1996 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. D' Addezio ◽  
D. Pantosti ◽  
P. M. De Martini
Keyword(s):  
Central Italy ◽  
Slip Rate ◽  
Vertical Movement ◽  
The Other ◽  
Recurrence Time ◽  
Middle Portion ◽  
Seismic Behaviour ◽  
Horizontal Movement ◽  
Seismogenic Faults ◽  
Using Data

his paper presents the results of a detailed investigation performed along the central part of the Ovindoli- Pezza Fault with the aim of improving our understanding of the seismic behaviour of this fault within Central Italy seismogenesis. Results of the trenching investigations we performed across the central part of the fault confirm and strengthen the results obtained at other sites located in the northern part. There is clear evidence that the two most recent surface faulting events occurred within the same interval of time at the different trench sites and thus, at least during these two events, the fault was activated for its entire length. The most recent surface faulting event occurred between 860 and 1300 A.D. Geomorphic and microtopographic investigations indicate that although the trace of the fault shows an important bend, the kinematics of the fault seem to be prevalently normal, consistent with the other seismogenic faults that accommodate the NE-SW extension in this part of the Apennines. The maximum horizontal movement derived using geomorphic methods along the central part of the Ovindoli-Pezza Fault did not exceed 30% of the vertical movement. Slip rate and average recurrence interval were obtained using data both from trenching and Late Pleistocene-Holocene geomorphology. Resulting slip rate ranges between 0.7 and 1.2 mm/year whereas the average recurrence time varies between 1000 and 3000 years.

Foreign Aid and its Role in Maintaining the Exploitation of the Agricultural Sector: Evidence from a Case Study in Africa

1983 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Schuftan
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
National Development ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sizable Proportion ◽  
Using Data ◽  
State Of Affairs

Today most foreign aid donors are genuinely committed to the idea that development in Third World countries should start with rural development. Therefore, a sizable proportion of their development funds are invested in rural projects. However, donors channel these funds through local governments (most often representing local bourgeois interests) that are not as committed to the principle of rural development. These governments are often also embarked in policies that are actually—directly or indirectly—expropriating the surpluses generated by agriculture and investing them in the other sectors of the economy. The peasants are therefore footing most of the bill of overall national development. This paper contends that, because of this state of affairs, foreign aid directed toward rural development is actually filling the investment gap left by an internal system of unequal returns to production in agriculture. In so doing, foreign aid is indirectly financing the development of the other sectors of the economy, even if this result is unintended. This perpetrates maldevelopment without redressing the basic exploitation process of peasants which lies at the core of underdevelopment. Evidence to support this hypothesis is presented using data from a primarily agricultural exporting country: the United Republic of Cameroon.

scholarly journals Cannulation technique and complications in arteriovenous fistulas: a Swedish Renal Registry-based cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Staaf ◽  
Anders Fernström ◽  
Fredrik Uhlin
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Rate Ratio ◽  
Incidence Rate Ratio ◽  
National Registry ◽  
The Other ◽  
Arteriovenous Fistulas ◽  
Cannulation Technique ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background The four cannulation techniques, rope ladder (RL), area puncture (AP), buttonhole with blunt needles (BHb), and buttonhole with sharp needles (BHs), affects the arteriovenous fistula (AVF) in different ways. The aim of this study was to describe the relationship between the different cannulation techniques and the occurrence of AVF complications. Methods The study was performed as a national registry-based cohort study using data from the Swedish Renal Registry (SRR). Data were collected from January 2014 to October 2019. Seventy of Sweden’s dialysis units participate in the registry. We analyzed a total of 1328 AVFs in this study. The risk of complications was compared between the four different cannulation techniques. The risk of AVF complications was measured by the incidence and incidence rate ratio (IRR). We compared the IRRs of complications between different cannulation techniques. Results BHs is the most common cannulation technique in Sweden. It has been used in 55% of the AVFs at some point during their functional patency. BHb (29%), RL (13%), and AP (3%) has been used less. BHb had the lowest risk of complications compared to the other techniques, and a significantly lower risk of stenosis, infiltration, cannulation difficulties, compared to RL and BHs. Cannulation difficulties were significantly more common using AP compared to BHs, and BHb. Infections were not significantly increased using the buttonhole technique. Conclusions BHb had the lowest risk of complications. Infections were not significantly increased using the buttonhole technique. Dialysis units with a low infection rate may continue to use the buttonhole technique, as the risk of complications is lower.

Do Migrants Think Differently? Evidence from Eastern European and Post-Soviet States

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 831-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruxanda Berlinschi ◽  
Ani Harutyunyan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Aversion ◽  
International Migration ◽  
The Other ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Risk Averse ◽  
Economic Liberalism ◽  
Self Selection ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Politically Active ◽  
Beliefs And Attitudes

This research investigates migrant self-selection on values, beliefs, and attitudes using data from Eastern European and former Soviet countries. We find that individuals who intend to emigrate are more politically active, more critical of governance and institutions, more tolerant toward other cultures, less tolerant of cheating, more optimistic, and less risk averse. With the exception of risk aversion, all selection patterns are heterogeneous across regions of origin. On the other hand, no self-selection pattern is detected on education, willingness to pay for public goods, and economic liberalism. These findings provide new insights into the determinants of international migration and reveal some of its less known consequences, such as a possible reduction of domestic pressure for political improvements in post-Soviet states due to politically active citizens’ higher propensity to emigrate.

Cycles in symbol production? A new model to explain concentration, diversity and innovation in the music industry

Popular Music ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Christianen
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Music Industry ◽  
The Other ◽  
Recording Industry ◽  
Cultural Goods ◽  
New Model ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The One

With the publication of the article ‘Cycles in symbol production’ (Peterson and Berger 1975) a discussion started concerning the advantages and disadvantages of the production of cultural goods under market conditions. The analysis by Peterson and Berger showed a negative correlation between concentration in the recording industry, on the one hand, and the diversity and innovativeness of the music, on the other. Repetition of the analysis using data from the 1980s (Burnett 1990; Lopes 1992) has shown that for this period Peterson and Berger's hypotheses should be rejected. Is there a connection between concentration and diversity and innovation? Are there cycles in symbol production? There seems to be no conclusive answer. In this article, I will attempt to clear up this matter. First, I will repeat the analysis of the relation between concentration and diversity/innovation, using the same model as Peterson and Berger, but with different definitions for the variables concentration, diversity and innovation. Then I will suggest a new model, which can be helpful in uncovering other factors influencing diversity and innovation in the music industry. I will come to that later. Let me first give the reader a brief overview of previous research.

scholarly journals An Analysis of the Energetics of Tropical and Extra-Tropical Regions for Warm ENSO Composite Episodes

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-51
Author(s):  
Zayra Christine Sátyro ◽  
José Veiga
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Potential Energy ◽  
El Niño ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Using Data

Abstract This study focuses on the quantification and evaluation of the effects of ENSO (El Niño Southern Oscillation) warm phases, using a composite of five intense El Niño episodes between 1979 – 2011 on the Energetic Lorenz Cycle for four distinct regions around the globe: 80° S – 5° N (region 1), 50° S – 5° N (region 2), 30° S – 5° N (region 3), and 30° S – 30° N (region 4), using Data from NCEP reanalysis-II. Briefly, the results showed that zonal terms of potential energy and kinetic energy were intensified, except for region 1, where zonal kinetic energy weakened. Through the analysis of the period in which higher energy production is observed, a strong communication between the available zonal potential and the zonal kinetic energy reservoirs can be identified. This communication weakened the modes linked to eddies of potential energy and kinetic energy, as well as in the other two baroclinic conversions terms. Furthermore, the results indicate that for all the regions, the system itself works to regain its stable condition.

scholarly journals Alyssum desertorum Stapf (Brassicaceae), new for the Italian flora

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Bartolucci ◽  
Fabio Conti
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Italian Flora ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
First Time

Abstract The occurrence of Alyssum desertorum, a species belonging to A. sect. Alyssum, is reported for the first time in Italy. It was found in Abruzzo (central Italy) in the territory of National Park of Gran Sasso and Laga mountains and surrounding areas. Morphological similarities with the other taxa recorded in Italy belonging to A. sect. Alyssum are briefly discussed. Information about the typification of the name, habitat, phenology and distribution in Italy are also provided.

scholarly journals Two new species of the genus Crenicichla Heckel, 1840 from the upper rio Uruguay drainage (Perciformes: Cichlidae)

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos A. S. de Lucena
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Group ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Horizontal Line ◽  
Lower Edge ◽  
Middle Portion ◽  
Lateral Band ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Vertical Bars

Two new species of the genus Crenicichla from the upper rio Uruguay basin are described, Crenicichla hadrostigma and C. empheres. Both are included in the C. missioneira species group along with C. missioneira, C. minuano, C. tendybaguassu, C. igara, and C. jurubi, all occurring in the upper and middle rio Uruguay drainage. Crenicichla hadrostigma is distinguished by the conspicuous ocellated posttemporal blotch, absence of a humeral spot and lateral band, and the presence in males of nine to 16 narrow vertical bars extending from the dorsum to a horizontal line that passes through the lower edge of pectoral axilla. Crenicichla empheres is distinguished from the other species of the missioneira-group by the presence of six to eight horizontally elongate dark blotches along the middle portion of the body, slightly below the upper lateral line, absence of a lateral band, presence in males of numerous dark and irregularly arranged spots on nape, back, and sides of body, and isognathous mouth. A key to the species from rio Uruguay basin is presented.

scholarly journals The cryptic seismic potential of blind faults revealed by off-fault geomorphology, Pichilemu, Chile.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julius Jara-Muñoz ◽  
Daniel Melnick ◽  
Anne Socquet ◽  
Joaquin Cortés-Aranda ◽  
Dominik Brill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Slip Rate ◽  
Active Regions ◽  
Seismic Hazards ◽  
Recurrence Time ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Seismic Potential ◽  
Megathrust Earthquakes ◽  
Marine Terraces ◽  
Stress Changes ◽  
Geomorphic Features

Abstract In seismically-active regions, mapping capable faults and estimating their recurrence time is the first step to assess seismic hazards. Fault maps are commonly based on geologic and geomorphic features evident at the surface; however, mapping blind faults and estimating their seismic potential is challenging because on-fault diagnostic features are absent. Here, we study the Pichilemu Fault in coastal Chile, unknown until it generated a M7.0 earthquake in 2010. The lack of evident surface faulting suggests a partly-hidden blind fault. Using off-fault deformed marine terraces, we estimate a slip-rate of 0.42 ± 0.04 m/ka, which when integrated with deformation estimated from satellite geodesy during the 2010 earthquake suggests a 2.5 ± 0.25 ka recurrence time for M6.6-6.9 extensional earthquakes. We propose that extension is associated with stress changes during megathrust earthquakes and accommodated by sporadic slip during upper-plate earthquakes. Our results have implications for assessing the seismic potential of cryptic faults along seismically-active coasts.

scholarly journals Corruption and Government Intervention on Bank Risk-Taking: Cases of Asian Countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-237
Author(s):  
Rizky Maulana Nurhidayat ◽  
Rofikoh Rokhim
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Government Intervention ◽  
The Other ◽  
Bank Risk ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Dummy Variables ◽  
Macroeconomic Variables ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

This paper aims to addresses the impact of corruption, anti-corruption commission, and government intervention on bank’s risk-taking using banks in Asian Countries such as  Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and South of Korea during the period 1995-2016. This paper uses corruption variable, bank-specific variables, macroeconomic variables, dummy variables and interaction variable to estimate bank’s risk-taking variable. Using data from 76 banks in Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand and South Korea over 21 years, this research finds consistent evidence that higher level of corruption and government intervention in crisis-situation will increase the risk-taking behaviour of banks. In the other hand, bank risk-taking behaviour minimized by the existence of anti-corruption commission. In addition, this paper also finds that government intervention amplifies corruption’s effect on bank’s risk-taking behaviour because of strong signs of moral hazard and weaknesses in the governance and supervision.

Velocity computation from checkshot surveys in deviated wells

Geophysics ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 1930-1932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilkka T. Noponen
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Velocity Measurements ◽  
Horizontal Movement ◽  
Wave Source ◽  
Interval Velocity ◽  
Drilling Rig ◽  
The Common ◽  
Deviated Wells

When checkshot surveys are done in deviated wells, two source‐receiver geometries are used. In one, the wave source is moved on the earth’s surface in unison with the horizontal movement of the receiver in the well so that the raypath from the source to the receiver is always vertical. This is the source‐over‐receiver approach. In the other approach, called source‐at‐rig, the source is fixed, usually staying in the vicinity of the drilling rig. The source‐over‐receiver method is usually preferred because the source‐at‐ rig method does not measure vertical traveltimes. If velocity varies with depth, the seismic rays from a source at the rig will bend, and a correction to vertical using the common straight‐ray assumption will not produce accurate vertical traveltimes or interval velocity measurements.

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