Professionalization of Public Health in Nepal

Background: The need for a professionalized and highly skilled public health workforce is essential to improving and protecting the health of populations, especially in Nepal. This study aimed to explore: (i) the current trends in public health in Nepal and (ii) the opportunities and barriers to the professionalization of the sector. Methods: We employed an exploratory qualitative research design and used a combination of semi-structured interviews with senior public health professionals and a small focus group discussion with more recently qualified public health practitioners in Nepal. A total of nine professional stakeholders were interviewed and five junior practitioners joined the focus group discussion. Data was collected via Skype due to COVID-19 restrictions. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. Results: Four core themes emerged from the research: understanding the public health approach; health priorities; federalization and the impact on public health practice; professionalization and workforce development. Conclusions: Political federalization and more recently COVID-19 have impacted the development, capacity, and employment of this often-neglected workforce. Public health graduates with their broad-ranging knowledge and skills are often overlooked in the health sector. This is related to a general lack of understanding of what public health is and what public health practitioners do amongst politicians and the general public.

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Assessing Competencies for Public Health Emergency Legal Preparedness

The Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics ◽

10.1111/j.1748-720x.2008.00257.x ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 36 (S1) ◽

pp. 28-35 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

James G. Hodge ◽

Kristine M. Gebbie ◽

Chris Hoke ◽

Martin Fenstersheib ◽

Sharona Hoffman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽

Public Health Emergency ◽

Public Health Workforce ◽

Public Health Services ◽

Governmental Organization ◽

Health Practitioners ◽

Laws And Policies ◽

Management Functions ◽

Public Health Practitioners

Among the many components of legal preparedness for public health emergencies is the assurance that the public health workforce and its private sector partners are competent to use the law to facilitate the performance of essential public health services and functions. This is a significant challenge. Multiple categories of emergencies, stemming from natural disasters to emerging infectious diseases, confront public health practitioners. Interpreting, assessing, and applying legal principles during emergencies are complicated by the changing legal environment and differences in governmental organization of emergency management functions. While law and legal competencies are essential to routine public health practices, once government declares a state of public health emergency or disaster, the legal landscape changes. Typical legal responses to protect the public's health may no longer be the norm. Public health practitioners, legal counsel, health care partners, and others need to be able to assess changing laws and policies and apply them in real-time.

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DAMPAK PELAKSANAAN PROGRAM CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) PT. HOLCIM INDONESIA, Tbk TERHADAP MASYARAKAT LOKAL DI KABUPATEN CILACAP

Jurnal Kesejahteraan Sosial ◽

10.31326/jks.v3i01.167 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (01) ◽

Author(s):

Novita Novita ◽

Francy Iriani

Keyword(s):

Corporate Social Responsibility ◽

Focus Group ◽

Social Responsibility ◽

Focus Group Discussion ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Group Discussion ◽

Self Regulation ◽

Community Empowerment ◽

Corporate Social ◽

The Impact

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis program Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) PT. Holcim Indonesia Tbk serta dampak dari program tersebut terhadap masyarakat lokal di Kabupaten Cilacap. Sebagai perusahaan yang kerap menjadi badan usaha terbesar di lingkungannya, Holcim sadar akan tanggung jawabnya terhadap masyarakat. CSR adalah bentuk regulasi diri sebuah perusahaan yang diintegrasikan dalam model bisnis. Salah satu kegiatan CSR Holcim adalah pemberdayaan masyarakat di wilayah salah satu plant Holcim yaitu Kabupaten Cilacap. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam melakukan analisis adalah melalui studi literatur, wawancara, observasi, kuesioner, dan Focus Group Discussion dengan para pengurus, kader, dan anggota masyarakat. Sedangkan responden yang menjadi sampel penelitian adalah 25 posdaya yang berdiri sebelum program CSR PT Holcim Indonesia Tbk dengan jumlah responden 111 orang, dan 11 posdaya yang merupakan bentukan PT Holcim Indonesia Tbk dengan jumlah responden 37 orang. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dan analisis kuadran. Berdasarkan analisis dari variabel yang telah diamati, hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa jenis program CSR yang dilakukan PT. Holcim Indonesia Tbk terhadap masyarakat Kabupaten Cilacap adalah berupa gerakan pemberdayaan masyarakat dan desa dalam bentuk Posdaya. Program ini berdampak pada terjadinya perbaikan dalam hal kepengurusan Posdaya serta kemandirian ekonomi masyarakat. Selain itu PT. Holcim Indonesia, Tbk melakukan pendampingan secara berkelanjutan serta evaluasi terhadap kegiatan yang telah dilaksanakan. Kata Kunci: Corporate Social Responsibility, Pemberdayaan Masyarakat, Posdaya, Keberlanjutan The purpose of this research is to know the types of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) program done by PT.Holcim Indonesia Tbk as well as the impact of the program on the local communities of Cilacap district. As one of the largest business entity in its environment, PT Holcim,Tbk aware of its responsibility towards the society. CSR is done by PT Holcim, tbk, as a form of self-regulation that is integrated in their business model. One of their CSR is done by empowering community in the region. This research is conducted in one of the Holcim plant in Cilacap district. The analytical methods used in this research are: studying the related literature, interviews, observations, questionnaires, and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) with the Executive Board, cadres, and community members of Posdaya. The research sample are 25 Posdaya that are established before PT Holcim Indonesia CSR program Tbk directed to the society with the total number of respondents are 111 people, and 11 Posdaya which were formed by PT Holcim Indonesia Tbk, with the total number of respondents are37 people.The data gathered then analyzed using descriptive analysis and quadrant analysis.The result of this research shows that the type of CSR programs done by PT. Holcim Indonesia Tbk. on Kabupaten Cilacap society are: The type of CSR done in the form of community empowerment movement that called as Posdaya. The program done by PT Holcim Tbk has an impact on the improvement of the managerial skills of the Posdaya organizing comitee, and the empowerment program is also improving the economic independence of the member of Posdaya as well as the district community. In addition, PT. Holcim Indonesia Tbk provides guidance on an ongoing basis to the Posdaya management and provides evaluations on the activities carried out by Posdaya. Key Words: Corporate Social Responsibility, Community Empowerment, Posdaya, Sustainability.

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Relasi kuasa foulcout di Universitas Samudera Langsa

At- Tarbawi ◽

10.32505/tarbawi.v12i1.2057 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 37-49

Author(s):

Masdalifah Sembiring

Keyword(s):

Focus Group ◽

Data Collection ◽

Focus Group Discussion ◽

Group Discussion ◽

The Other ◽

Daily Lives ◽

Muslim Students ◽

The Impact ◽

The City ◽

The Church

Despite applying Islamic sharia, the city of Langsa, through Universitas Samudera, was able to become a newmagnet for non-Muslim students as an educational destination in Aceh. On the other hand, as a minority, theirexistence needs to be explored. This study aims to describe the forms of tolerance accepted by non-Muslimstudents, describe the impact of tolerance on their daily lives, and describe the power relations between lecturersand non-Muslim students. This research took place from May to October 2019 and involved five non-Muslimstudents, two religious lecturers and a campus authority representative. This study uses a qualitative approachwith ethnographic types, and uses three methods of data collection, namely observation (fieldnotes), interviews(open-ended questions) and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) which are analyzed using reading, describing, andclassifying techniques. The results of this study indicate that there are several forms of tolerance accepted bynon-Muslim students, namely; the option to not take the semester exams and take grades from the church, thefreedom to work on assignments according to their perspectives and beliefs, and given the freedom to participatein discussions. Apart from the power of lecturers to carry out Islamization, religious lecturers carry out theirduties professionally. The effort of Islamization is carried out by providing a correct explanation of Islamaccompanied by evidence of its truth, not in striking and coercive ways.

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Key Aspects of Modernizing Public Health Doctoral Program at The University of Georgia

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckz186.422 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽

Author(s):

T Lobjanidze ◽

G Kamkamidze ◽

K Antia

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Focus Group ◽

Research Methods ◽

Focus Group Discussion ◽

Group Discussion ◽

Doctoral Program ◽

Full Time ◽

Consultation Model ◽

The University ◽

Phd Program

Abstract Structured Doctoral Program of Public Health has been modernized from “consultation” to combined “Multi-methods” teaching module at the University of Full PhD program consists of 180 ECTS, 3 years for the full-time, and maximum of 7 years for the part-time. The programme consists of 60 teaching and 120 ECTS Research component. Doctoral student, together with a supervisor, starts working on his/her dissertation from the 1st academic year/semester of enrollment Transition from “consultation” model to the “combined multi-methods” model advances the learning outcomes, straight research skills, internationalization, modern professional communication. PH PhD Program aims to prepare a public health researcher who will be able to identify and solve public health issue/problem, produce the best evidence possible and make an evidence-based decisions, create a novelty, and expand the knowledge borders of public health. Self-administrated semi-structured questionnaire were used: How much “consultation” model is effective? What kind of skills are is necessary for scientific carrier?Focus-group discussion was conducted with PhD program graduates. Questions discussed: How you applied acquired skills and knowledge to your work/practice?In focus group discussion employers were asked to discuss what skills and knowledge they are requiring from the employees, if they are considering involvement of local and International experts in teaching process. 98 % of questionnaire students underline the Combined multy- methods with intensive theoretical and practical teaching with international activities. The deep knowledge of scientific methods and project writing skills are very important. Results of researches must be presented at the international scientific conferences and published. Research methods course was improved (amounts of credits was increased 2 times).The frame of teaching is Combined multy-methods with internationalization involvement and with intensive timeline. Key messages The learning process consist of Combined multy-method, with deep research methods and internationalization activities. The elements of Research component starts from the 1st semester. Result Internationalization.

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PANDANGAN MASYARAKAT PINGGIRAN HUTAN TERHADAP PROGRAM PENGEMBANGAN AGROFORESTRI

10.31227/osf.io/hnaj9 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

DEWA OKA SUPARWATA

Keyword(s):

Focus Group ◽

Focus Group Discussion ◽

Group Discussion ◽

Development Program ◽

Point Of View ◽

Economic Point ◽

The People ◽

Community Economy ◽

The Impact ◽

Survey Approach

Nowadays, development of agroforestry has been focused on the people living near forest. Positive views from community may have a good impact on agroforestry development program. This research aims to study the views of the forest outskrit community on the agroforestry development program in Dulamayo Barat village, Telaga Sub District, Gorontalo Regency, Gorontalo Province. The study used survey approach and focus group discussion (FGD) method. Respondents were all the members of agroforestry farmer group. The entire population were taken for interview (10 respondents) while FGD was attended by 26 participants. Data were analyzed descriptively. The result showed that 100% of the respondents want the program to be sustainable, although from the socio economic point of view the impact has not contributed significantly. From the respondents views of its benefit, 50% believethat the program is for critical land rehabilitation, 30% have a view for the improvement of environmental service, 10% view to increase community economy, and 10% view that the program is to eliminate erosion. These indicate that the community is concerned with agroforestry development, therefore, continuous facilitation is needed. Furthermore, the community expects to be actively involved in the agroforestry development program.

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Bali mendongeng: Revitalisasi kearifan lokal yang memudar

Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat ◽

10.21831/jppm.v6i1.23417 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 41-49

Author(s):

Riza Wulandari

Keyword(s):

Focus Group ◽

Focus Group Discussion ◽

Group Discussion ◽

Negative Attitude ◽

Community Empowerment ◽

Present Generation ◽

The Family ◽

The Media ◽

The Impact ◽

The Village

Kehidupan anak era milenial kini menjadi lebih ironi, dukungan dari sajian media yang menawarkan sisi dunia kekinian menyebabkan generasi penerus bangsa luntur nilai-nilai kearifan lokal yang telah ada pada masa lampau. Tujuan dari kegiatan pemberdayaan masyarakat pada target sasaran kelompok ibu-ibu rumah tangga Desa Manukaya adalah untuk memberikan edukasi kepada keluarga khususnya ibu yang memiliki peran penting di keluarga dalam mengantisipasi sikap negative dari dampak modernisasi. Focus Group Discussion di pilih dalam memecahkan masalah yang terjadi. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah tim pelaksana memberikan 2 kegiatan diantaranya adalah pertama memberikan edukasi tentang pentingnya kearifan lokal dan strategi mempertahankan kearifan lokal melalui mendongeng. Kedua memberikan pendampingan pelatihan sesuai dengan potensi yang dimiliki oleh kelompok ibu-ibu rumah tangga Desa Manukaya yaitu merajut. Dari potensi tersebut, diberikan kegiatan pendampingan pembuatan media boneka jari dengan cara merajut dan berbahan dasar flannel. Dari media boneka jari yang telah dibuat, diharapkan dapat diaplikasikan kepada anak-anak dalam mengajarkan kearifan lokal Bali melalui dongeng. Bali Mendongeng: Revitalization of fading local wisdom AbstractThe lives of the millennial era is now becoming more irony, the support of the media which offers dishes of the world side of the present generation successor Nations smudging local wisdom values that already exist in the past. The purpose of the community empowerment activities on the target objectives of the mother-homemaker village of Manukaya is to provide education to their families especially mothers who have an important role in the family in anticipation of a negative attitude from the impact the modernization. Focus Group Discussion on select in solving the case. The result of this activity is the implementing team provide activities such as the first two provide education about the importance of local wisdom and strategy of maintaining local wisdom through storytelling. Both provide a mentoring training in accordance with the potential that is owned by a group of mothers of households of the village of Manukaya that is knitting. From the potential, given the activities of accompaniment the creation of finger puppets knit and way made from flannel. From finger puppets that have been made, is expected to be applied to children of Bali's local wisdom in teaching through storytelling.

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Translation Techniques and Their Impacts to the Modality Orientation’s Shift in The Jungle Book Movie Subtitle

Lingua Cultura ◽

10.21512/lc.v12i4.4397 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 375

Author(s):

Arifah Tenny Romdhati ◽

Mangatur Nababan ◽

Riyadi Santosa

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Research ◽

Content Analysis ◽

Focus Group ◽

Focus Group Discussion ◽

Systemic Functional Linguistics ◽

Group Discussion ◽

Target Language ◽

Functional Linguistics ◽

Translation Techniques ◽

The Impact

This research aimed to analyze the translation techniques used by the subtitler to translate modality orientation and the impact of the translation techniques on the modality orientation shifts in “The Jungle Book” movie subtitle. This research was a descriptive qualitative research. The data in this research were words, phrases, and clauses as the marker of modality orientation in the movie, and translation techniques used by the subtitler. Modality orientation was obtained through content analysis based on Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) theory as proposed by Halliday and Matthiessen (2014). Then, translation techniques were obtained through Focus Group Discussion (FGD) as proposed by Molina and Albir (2002). The findings show that the subtitler uses seven techniques to translate modality orientation. They have established equivalence, modulation, discursive creation with established equivalence, deletion, transposition, discursive creation, and reduction with established equivalence. The subtitler uses established equivalence to translate orientation that produces same category, value, form, and orientation. Deletion technique, modulation, and creation discursive with established equivalence cause the loss of modality in the target language. Applying modulation, transposition, discursive creation, and reduction with established equivalence techniques make a shift on the modality orientation and also produce different meaning in the target language. The change of value in modality in the target language is caused by the use of modulation and reduction with established equivalence technique by the subtitler.

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Teknik Role Playing sebagai Metode Pembelajaran Menyenangkan dalam Mata Kuliah Bahasa Inggris

Jurnal Teras Kesehatan ◽

10.38215/jutek.v2i2.41 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 86-100

Author(s):

Wiwin Winarti ◽

Dian Nuramdiani

Keyword(s):

Focus Group ◽

Focus Group Discussion ◽

Group Discussion ◽

Role Play ◽

Phenomenological Approach ◽

Role Playing ◽

Group Cohesiveness ◽

Study Program ◽

The Impact

The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of the long-term Role Playing technique to the alumni of the Al Islam Bandung Polytechnic (PAIB), especially alumni of Hospital Administration Study Program students. The study was conducted for five months from July to November 2019. The research method used in this study was a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. The data collection techniques, because the domicile of the alumni are scattered in many places far apart, then to facilitate the collection of questionnaires through a Google form that is distributed through the WA alumni network, Facebook and Instagram. In addition, a Focus Group Discussion was held on 20 alumni, as well as interviews with five alumni located in Garut, Tasikmalaya, Depok, Soreang and Bandung. The results of the study show that role play for alumni fosters group cohesiveness and class solidity. Students who have more proficiency in English help other students who have difficulties, both in memorizing dialogue, practicing reciting and preparing the stage set, so that students are able to express their feelings in role play and are able to reduce their nervousness when performing. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dampak teknik Role Playing dalam jangka panjang kepada para alumni Politeknik Al Islam Bandung (PAIB), khususnya alumni mahasiswa Program Studi Administrasi Rumah Sakit. Penelitian dilakukan selama lima bulan dari bulan Juli hingga November 2019. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologis. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data, karena domisili para alumni tersebar di banyak tempat yang berjauhan, maka untuk mempermudah pengumpulannya dilakukan penyebaran angket melalui google form yang disebarkan melalui jaringan Grup WA alumni, Facebook dan Instagram. Selain itu juga dilakukan focus Group Discussion kepada 20 alumni, serta wawancara kepada lima alumni yang berlokasi di Garut, Tasikmalaya, Depok, Soreang dan kota Bandung. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa role play bagi para alumni memupuk kekompakan kelompok dan kesolidan kelas. Mahasiswa yang memiliki kemampuan lebih dalam Bahasa Inggris membantu mahasiswa lain yang kesulitan, baik dalam menghafal dialog, berlatih melafalkan dan mempersiapkan tata panggung, sehingga mahasiswa mampu mengekspresikan perasaannya dalam role play dan mampu mengurangi rasa gugup saat pentas.

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Using Systematic Observations to Understand Conditions that Promote Interracial Experiences in Neighbourhood Parks

Urban Planning ◽

10.17645/up.v1i4.756 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (4) ◽

pp. 51-64 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Amy Hillier ◽

Bing Han ◽

Theodore S. Eisenman ◽

Kelly R. Evenson ◽

Thomas L. McKenzie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Poverty Rate ◽

Vigorous Activity ◽

Interracial Contact ◽

Health Practitioners ◽

White Person ◽

Public Health Practitioners ◽

The Impact ◽

Us Cities

We analysed observations from 31 neighbourhood parks, with each park mapped into smaller target areas for study, across five US cities generated using the System for Observing Play and Recreation in the Community (SOPARC). In areas where at least two people were observed, less than one-third (31.6%) were populated with at least one white and one non-white person. Park areas that were supervised, had one or more people engaged in vigorous activity, had at least one male and one female present, and had one or more teens present were significantly more likely to involve interracial groups (p < 0.01 for each association). Observations in parks located in interracial neighbourhoods were also more likely to involve interracial groups (p < 0.05). Neighbourhood poverty rate had a significant and negative relationship with the presence of interracial groups, particularly in neighbourhoods that are predominantly non-white. Additional research is needed to confirm the impact of these interactions. Urban planning and public health practitioners should consider the health benefits of interracial contact in the design and programming of neighbourhood parks.

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Dealing with Stigma: Experiences of Persons Affected by Disabilities and Leprosy

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2015/261329 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Mimi Lusli ◽

Marjolein B. M. Zweekhorst ◽

Beatriz Miranda-Galarza ◽

Ruth M. H. Peters ◽

Sarah Cummings ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Focus Group ◽

Focus Group Discussion ◽

Group Discussion ◽

Social Perspective ◽

Medical Terms ◽

Positive Attitudes ◽

To Come ◽

The Impact ◽

Stigma Experiences ◽

Depth Interviews

Persons affected by leprosy or by disabilities face forms of stigma that have an impact on their lives. This study seeks to establish whether their experiences of stigma are similar, with a view to enabling the two groups of people to learn from each other. Accounts of experiences of the impact of stigma were obtained using in-depth interviews and focus group discussion with people affected by leprosy and by disabilities not related to leprosy. The analysis shows that there are a lot of similarities in impact of stigma in terms of emotions, thoughts, behaviour, and relationships between the two groups. The main difference is that those affected by leprosy tended to frame their situation in medical terms, while those living with disabilities described their situation from a more social perspective. In conclusion, the similarities offer opportunities for interventions and the positive attitudes and behaviours can be modelled in the sense that both groups can learn and benefit. Research that tackles different aspects of stigmatization faced by both groups could lead to inclusive initiatives that help individuals to come to terms with the stigma and to advocate against exclusion and discrimination.

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