scholarly journals STRATEGIC PRICING PRACTICES AND MARKETING PERFORMANCE OF BREWERIES IN SOUTH-SOUTH NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Intiedukoba Korubo ◽  
Chima Onuoha
Keyword(s):  
Price Discrimination ◽  
Pricing Strategies ◽  
Market Survey ◽  
Strategic Pricing ◽  
Marketing Performance ◽  
To Come ◽  
Rivers State ◽  
Product Costs ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Very High

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of strategic pricing/pricing strategies on the marketing financial performance of Beverage firms in South-southern Nigeria. The area of study is Rivers state, while five firms were selected based on convenience. A sample size of 201 respondents was employed. The study employed dimensions of pricing strategy such as; Price skimming, Penetration pricing and Price discrimination and measures such as customer satisfaction. The correlational analysis was employed and indicated that there was a statistically significant and positive relationship between pricing strategies and marketing performance. These results implied that economy pricing has a positive effect on the marketing performance of beverage companies. The study recommends that; Beverage firms should put in place measures to reduce product costs and thus increase marketing performance whenever such a strategy is used. Also, these firms should also adopt ways to implement their pricing strategies better compared to competitor firms. They should undertake market survey when formulating prices for their services. They should identify the prices charged by their competitors in order to come up with prices which are nether too low or very high.

EFFECT OF PENETRATION PRICING STRATEGY ON THE PROFITABILITY OF INSURANCE FIRMS IN KENYA.

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Perminus Kariuki Nyaga ◽  
Mr. Wilson Muema
Keyword(s):  
Pricing Strategy ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Pricing Strategies ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
The Status ◽  
Insurance Firms ◽  
Product Costs ◽  
Positive Effect

Purpose: The objectives of the study were to establish the To determine the effect of penetration pricing strategy on the profitability of insurance firms in Kenya.Methodology:The descriptive research design was preferred to other research designs because it reports the status of study variables. The population of study was the 45 insurance companies operating in Kenya as at 31st December 2012. Data was drawn from a period of five (5) years that is 2008-2012. The sample of this study was 10% of the sales workforce which comprised of 900 employees from the 45 insurance companies. The sample was generated by purposively sampling two employees from each insurance company.The researcher collected primary data with the help of a questionnaire. The primary data obtained from the questionnaires was summarized and analyzed by use of descriptive and inferential statistical techniques.Results:Regression and correlation results indicated that there was a statistically significant and positive relationship between penetration pricing strategies and profitability. These results implied that penetration pricing has a positive effect on the profitability of insurance companies.Policy recommendation: The study recommends that insurance companies put in place measures assess the most effective pricing strategy to reduce product costs and thus increase profitability whenever such a strategy is used.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF ECONOMY PRICING STRATEGY ON THE PROFITABILITY OF INSURANCE FIRMS IN KENYA.

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Perminus Kariuki Nyaga ◽  
Mr. Wilson Muema
Keyword(s):  
Pricing Strategy ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Pricing Strategies ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
The Status ◽  
Insurance Firms ◽  
Product Costs ◽  
Positive Effect

Purpose: The objectives of the study were to establish the effect of economy pricing strategy on the profitability of insurance firms in KenyaMethodology:The descriptive research design was preferred to other research designs because it reports the status of study variables. The population of study was the 45 insurance companies operating in Kenya as at 31st December 2012. Data was drawn from a period of five (5) years that is 2008-2012. The sample of this study was 10% of the sales workforce which comprised of 900 employees from the 45 insurance companies. The sample was generated by purposively sampling two employees from each insurance company.The researcher collected primary data with the help of a questionnaire. The primary data obtained from the questionnaires was summarized and analyzed by use of descriptive and inferential statistical techniques.Results:Regression and correlation results indicated that there was a statistically significant and positive relationship between economy pricing strategies and profitability. These results implied that economy pricing has a positive effect on the profitability of insurance companiesPolicy recommendation: The study recommends that insurance companies put in place measures assess the most effective pricing strategy to reduce product costs and thus increase profitability whenever such a strategy is used.

scholarly journals Price discrimination in informal labor markets in Bogotá: an audit experiment during the 2018 FIFA World Cup

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Zamora ◽  
César Mantilla ◽  
Mariana Blanco
Keyword(s):  
Labor Markets ◽  
Price Discrimination ◽  
Pricing Strategies ◽  
World Cup ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
Fifa World Cup ◽  
Informal Labor ◽  
Seasonal Demand ◽  
Within Subjects ◽  
Gender Based

AbstractWe conducted an audit experiment to examine whether street vendors in Bogotá (Colombia) exert price discrimination based on buyers’ attributes, such as gender and nationality, and based on product characteristics, such as the increasing marginal valuation of items needed to complete a collection. We exploited the seasonal demand for album stickers related to the FIFA World Cup Russia 2018. In our within-subjects design, experimenters carried out in-person audits and quoted a pre-determined list of missing stickers. They interacted with 59 sticker vendors located in five geographic clusters and collected 287 vendor–buyer interactions. We find that prices quoted to foreign buyers are higher than prices quoted to Colombian buyers. By contrast, we do neither find evidence supporting direct gender-based discrimination, nor that vendors charge a higher price per sticker when the list of missing stickers is shorter. We complement the study with a qualitative analysis based on interviews that reveal vendors’ pricing strategies, their awareness of price discrimination, and the trade of counterfeits. The qualitative results suggest that price discrimination appears to be unconscious.

scholarly journals The Influence of Dynamic and Adaptive Marketing Capabilities on the Performance of Portuguese SMEs in the B2B International Market

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 579
Author(s):  
Caroline Reimann ◽  
Fernando Carvalho ◽  
Marcelo Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
International Marketing ◽  
International Market ◽  
Marketing Capabilities ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Competitive Intensity ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Marketing Performance ◽  
Market Learning ◽  
Positive Effect

The present investigation aims study the sustainability of the business model of the Portuguese SMEs operating in the B2B International market analyzing the influence of dynamic marketing capabilities and adaptive marketing capabilities in their international marketing performance. It will also analyze the moderating effects of Competitive Intensity within this international scenario. A quantitative study was developed, using a questionnaire as a research method. In total, 335 valid responses were collected from Portuguese SMEs in June 2020. To test the hypotheses, multiple hierarchical regressions were performed. As for the analyzes involving Competitive Intensity environments, namely low and high intensity, dummies were developed to evaluate the different effects produced by the capacities in the International Marketing Performance. This study shows the positive impact of the dynamic marketing capabilities and adaptive marketing capabilities on the international marketing performance of the surveyed companies, essentially from the product development management, supply chain management, vigilant market learning and open marketing. when in a low competitive intensity environment only dynamic marketing capabilities had a positive effect on performance, but in a high, competitive, intensity environment both dynamic marketing capabilities and adaptive marketing capabilities showed positive effects in relation to performance. This study innovates by bringing international marketing, through two marketing capacities, from the perspective of SMEs that perform B2B activities.

The effect of seed rate and nitrogen fertilizer on the yield and nutritive value of oat-vetch mixtures

1989 ◽  
Vol 112 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Moreira
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
N Nutrition ◽  
North East ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Very High

SummaryExperiments were conducted on the seed rates of the components of oat-vetch mixtures combined with varying rates of nitrogen fertilizer in a rainfed area of north-east Portugal in 1982–3 and 1984–5.Forage oats grown alone showed a very high yield response to N and rainfall ranging from 30 to 18·2 t D.M./ha, but had a very low crude protein concentration (37–54 g/kg D.M.) and a poor mineral nutrient composition.The increased use of vetch in the seed mixture had a buffering effect on dry-matter (D.M.) yield but this depended very much on crop N nutrition. For N-deficient conditions vetch inclusion increased the D.M. yield and had a strong positive effect on total forage crude protein (CP) and mineral composition. When crop N nutrition was good, very high D.M. yields (> 12 t D.M./ha) were possible using a high proportion of oats, with vetch making a reduced contribution to the yield and nutritive value of total forage.Seed rates suggested in the literature for Mediterranean conditions are adequate for low N inputs and low available soil N, but not for high D.M. yields which can only be obtained by using a higher proportion of oats and adequate N fertilizer.

scholarly journals Teachers’ ratings of the informativeness and usefulness of cognitive assessment reports: Does dynamic assessment make a difference?

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-144
Author(s):  
Ivana Vulic ◽  
Ana Altaras-Dimitrijevic ◽  
Zorana Jolic-Marjanovic
Keyword(s):  
School Readiness ◽  
School Psychologists ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Dynamic Assessment ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Cognitive Problem ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Preliminary Phase ◽  
Very High ◽  
Assessment Reports

Dynamic assessment is presumed to reveal specific difficulties in cognitive problem solving and determine the kinds of support which may aid in overcoming them. In the present study we examined whether these additional data provided by dynamic assessment contribute to the informativeness and usefulness of assessment reports, as rated by teachers. In the preliminary phase, nine preschoolers were tested with the adapted Serbian WISC, containing an additional block of dynamic assessment. In the main phase, two groups of elementary teachers (Nstat= 41, Ndyn= 44) rated the informativeness, usefulness, and clarity of reports based on either static, or static+dynamic assessment of three children from the preliminary sample. The results indicate a significant positive effect of dynamic assessment on teachers? ratings of the informativeness of reports (particularly regarding the child?s reactions to adult scuffolding) and their combined ratings of several aspects of the reports? usefulness. The reports did not differ with respect to clarity, and their informativeness and usefulness were generally rated very high. The findings thus provide empirical support for the proposed advantages of dynamic assessment, encourage its use in assessing school readiness, and urge school psychologists to regularly inform teachers on their observations from both static and dynamic cognitive assessment.

scholarly journals Pheochromocytoma – An Unusual Presentation – A Case Report

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-116
Author(s):  
Indrajit Prasad ◽  
Zafar Ahmed Latif ◽  
Faruque Pathan ◽  
SM Ashrafuzzaman ◽  
Firoz Amin
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Blood Sample ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Severe Headache ◽  
Insulin Hypoglycemia ◽  
Intravenous Glucose ◽  
Profuse Sweating ◽  
To Come ◽  
Very High

This case report is of a 50yrs old man who got admitted inBIRDEM Hospital in a state of unconsciousness for 5 hours.He is a known case of hypertension and diabetes mellitusfor the last 12 years and was on insulin. Hypoglycemia wasdetected, treated with intravenous glucose and the patientregained consciousness. On further query he complainedof repeated episodes of nausea, palpitation and sweatingfor the last 12 years. The episodes were initially labeled ashypoglycemia but blood sugar was never found inhypoglycemic range. The patient was on multipleantihypertensive medications but blood pressure wasuncontrolled. All the investigations were normal including24hrs urinary VMA, serum adrenalin and noradrenalinexcept ultrasonography of whole abdomen which showed amass measuring 72x 76 mm in left suprarenal region. Onenight the patient again developed palpitation, chestdiscomfort, severe headache and profuse sweating. Bloodpressure was recorded 240/160 mmHg. Blood sample wasdrawn for adrenalin, noradrenalin, 24hrs urine collectionwas done for VMA and was found very high. The patientwas diagnosed as having left adrenal pheochromocytoma.After controlling blood pressure and other preoperativepreparations left adrenalectomy was done. Histopathologyrevealed phaeochromocytoma. Per and postoperativeperiods were quite eventful. Blood pressure was normalwithout any antihypertensive drug during discharge. Thepatient was discharged with the advice to come for followup after 1 month.DOI: 10.3329/jbcps.v28i2.5371J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2010; 28: 113-116

scholarly journals Examiner Variability in Clinical Assessments: Do Examiner Pairings Influence Candidate Ratings?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aileen Faherty ◽  
Yvonne Finn ◽  
Tim Counihan
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Role ◽  
Personality Testing ◽  
Clinical Assessments ◽  
Consensus Score ◽  
Personality Score ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Organisation And Administration ◽  
To Come ◽  
Very High ◽  
Improve Reliability

Abstract Background The reliability of clinical assessments is known to vary considerably and inter-examiner variability is a key contributor. This may result in significant differences in scores between comparable candidates, a serious challenge in medical education. An approach frequently adopted to avoid this and improve reliability is to pair examiners and ask them to come to an agreed score. Little is known however, about what occurs when these paired examiners interact to generate a score.Methods A fully-crossed design was employed with each participant examiner observing and scoring. A quasi-experimental research design used candidate’s observed scores in a mock clinical assessment as the dependent variable. The independent variables were examiner numbers, demographics and personality. Demographic and personality data was collected by questionnaire. A purposeful sample of medical doctors who examine in the Final Medical examination at our institution was recruited.Results Variability between scores given by examiner pairs (N=6) was less than the variability with individual examiners (N=12). 75% of examiners (N=9) scored below average for neuroticism and 75% also scored high or very high for extroversion. Two thirds scored high or very high for conscientiousness. The higher an examiner’s personality score for extroversion, the lower the amount of change in his/her score when paired up with a co-examiner; reflecting possibly a more dominant role in the process of reaching a consensus score.Conclusions While the variability between scores given by examiner pairs (N=6) was less than the variability with individual examiners (N=12), the reliability statistics for both assessments were comparable. Using paired examiners resulted in a more accurate and robust score than simply averaging two independent examiners scores. The higher an examiner’s personality score for extroversion, the lower the amount of change in his/her score when paired up with a co-examiner; reflecting possibly a more dominant role in the process of reaching a consensus score. These findings could have implications for the organisation and administration of clinical assessments. Further studies with larger numbers of participants might establish if personality testing before choosing examiner pairs could be utilised to help pair examiners and improve examiner variability.

A Study towards the Relation of Customer Relationship Management Customer Benefits and Customer Satisfaction

2015 ◽  
pp. 1268-1287
Author(s):  
Nastaran Mohammadhossein ◽  
Mohammad Nazir Ahmad ◽  
Nor Hidayati Zakaria ◽  
Shidrokh Goudarzi
Keyword(s):  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Customer Relationship Management ◽  
Relationship Management ◽  
Customer Segmentation ◽  
Customer Relationship ◽  
Integration Time ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Marketing Performance ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Positive Effect

The purpose of this study is to investigate the efficacy of customer relationship management (CRM) benefits for customers in relation to customer satisfaction. A model has been developed and empirically tested through survey data collected from 150 customers of three Malaysian companies. The results indicate that the benefits of CRM for customers have had a significant positive effect on their satisfaction in marketing companies. Personalized service, responsiveness to customer's needs, customer segmentation, customization of marketing, multichannel integration, time-saving and improving customer knowledge are the benefits that we proposed would affect customer satisfaction in order to significantly improve marketing performance. Additionally, the results reveal that all the benefits found, with the exception of time-saving, enhanced customer satisfaction. This paper contributes to the existing literature by incorporating the benefits of CRM for customers and the relationships of these benefits with their satisfaction in the proposed model.

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