scholarly journals Using the Theory of Plan Behavior and Norm Activation Model to Understand Individual Energy Conservation Behavior in Karachi, Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-99
Author(s):  
Faiz Rasool ◽  
Nabeel A. Zuberi ◽  
Naila Usman Siddiqui ◽  
Munazza Madni
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Subjective Norms ◽  
Positive Relation ◽  
Conservation Behavior ◽  
Activation Model ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
Personal Norm

The environmental problems are considered as a serious threat to the future of humanity. The adoption ofsustainable behaviors is considered a necessary step to deal with the environmental challenges. Energy conservationbehavior is an environment friendly behavior that has been promoted in many societies. Researchers have been studyingthe determinants of energy conservation behavior for many years, in western countries. However, energy conservationbehavior of individuals in the house has not received attention of researchers in Pakistan. In this study, theory of plannedbehavior and norm activation model are used to study energy conservation behavior of 1250 college and universitystudents in Karachi. Our results show that attitudes, subjective norms, awareness of consequences, ascription ofresponsibility and personal norm, all have a positive relation with energy conservation behavior. Socio-demographicvariables had no statistically significant relation with energy conservation. It is believed that electronic and social mediaand religious scholars can play a key role in raising awareness of environmental issues and encouraging the adoption ofenvironment friendly behaviors in Pakistan.

scholarly journals Using the Theory of Plan Behavior and Norm Activation Model to Understand Individual Energy Conservation Behavior in Karachi, Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-99
Author(s):  
Faiz Rasool ◽  
Nabeel A. Zuberi ◽  
Naila Usman Siddiqui ◽  
Munazza Madni
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Subjective Norms ◽  
Positive Relation ◽  
Conservation Behavior ◽  
Activation Model ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
Personal Norm

The environmental problems are considered as a serious threat to the future of humanity. The adoption ofsustainable behaviors is considered a necessary step to deal with the environmental challenges. Energy conservationbehavior is an environment friendly behavior that has been promoted in many societies. Researchers have been studyingthe determinants of energy conservation behavior for many years, in western countries. However, energy conservationbehavior of individuals in the house has not received attention of researchers in Pakistan. In this study, theory of plannedbehavior and norm activation model are used to study energy conservation behavior of 1250 college and universitystudents in Karachi. Our results show that attitudes, subjective norms, awareness of consequences, ascription ofresponsibility and personal norm, all have a positive relation with energy conservation behavior. Socio-demographicvariables had no statistically significant relation with energy conservation. It is believed that electronic and social mediaand religious scholars can play a key role in raising awareness of environmental issues and encouraging the adoption ofenvironment friendly behaviors in Pakistan.

Ionic Liquids for the Synthesis of Five-Membered N,N-, N,N,N- and N,N,N,NHeterocycles

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 1214-1238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Navjeet Kaur ◽  
Pranshu Bhardwaj ◽  
Meenu Devi ◽  
Yamini Verma ◽  
Neha Ahlawat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Heterocyclic Compounds ◽  
Reaction Medium ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Organic Reaction ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
The Past ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Major Subject

Due to special properties of ILs (Ionic Liquids) like their wide liquid range, good solvating ability, negligible vapour pressure, non-inflammability, environment friendly medium, high thermal stability, easy recycling and rate promoters etc. they are used in organic synthesis. The investigation for the replacement of organic solvents in organic synthesis is a growing area of interest due to increasing environmental issues. Therefore, ionic liquids have attracted the attention of chemists and act as a catalyst and reaction medium in organic reaction with high activity. There is no doubt that ionic liquids have become a major subject of study for modern chemistry. In comparison to traditional processes the use of ionic liquids resulted in improved, complimentary or alternative selectivities in organic synthesis. The present manuscript reported the synthesis of multiple nitrogen containing five-membered heterocyclic compounds using ionic liquids. This review covered interesting discoveries in the past few years.

scholarly journals The Contributions of South Asian Jesuits to Environmental Work

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 619-644
Author(s):  
Savarimuthu Ignacimuthu S.J.
Keyword(s):  
South Asian ◽  
National Level ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
Environmental Causes ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Environmental Work

Almost from the moment they arrived there in 1542, Jesuits in India and Sri Lanka have made substantial contributions to the scientific disciplines. In the initial stages they were not directly involved in environmental works, but in recent years many are taking the initiative to work for environmental justice. Some Jesuits are involved in raising awareness on environmental issues, such as promoting reforestation and watershed programs, whereas others work to provide safe drinking water or to prevent tree-felling, while others study local biodiversity and are creating and maintaining botanical gardens. Other environmental projects include the promotion of solar energy, biopesticides and biofertilizers for organic farming, the micropropagation of rare, endangered, and threatened (rets) plant species (so that they may be replanted in greater numbers), the formation of local centers and eco clubs where students and others can collaborate for a healthier environment. Several Jesuits are also active politically assuming advocacy roles, and writing books and research articles in the interest of environmental conservation. A select few Jesuits are even recognized on a national level for their contributions to environmental causes.

scholarly journals Influences of Domestic Communication on Energy Conservation Behavior

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Kota NAKAJIMA ◽  
Hiroki HONDO ◽  
Katsumasa IHARA ◽  
Junichi KIKUI
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Conservation Behavior

scholarly journals Doseganje zaposljivosti pri starajoči delovni sili; vloga starosti in doseganje ciljnih usmeritev

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nena Hribar ◽  
Polona Šprajc
Keyword(s):  
Informal Learning ◽  
Goal Orientation ◽  
Goal Orientations ◽  
Achievement Goal ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Achievement Goal Orientations ◽  
Positive Relation ◽  
Aging Workforce ◽  
Significant Relation

The aging workforce challenges companies to keep their aging employees employable in the workforce. This paper gives an indication as to which employees are more likely to be interested in further learning and employability. Specifically, the aim of this study was to investigate the role of chronological age and achievement goal orientations for informal and formal learning and employability. It was found that informal learning has a significant positive relation with several dimensions of employability. Furthermore, mastery-approach goal orientation also shows a significant positive relation with informal learning and employability. In addition, age had no significant relation with the achievement goal orientations. The paper stresses the need to consider characteristics other than chronological age, such as goal orientations, when considering employees’ learning behavior and employability.

scholarly journals Conservation of Plants and Trees in the Light of Prophetic Teachings

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-84
Author(s):  
Sumaira Nawaz ◽  
Dr. Shah Moeen ud Din Hashmi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Environmental Behaviors ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Human Behaviors ◽  
The World ◽  
Ecological Problems

Article endeavors to analyze the prophetic guiding principles regarding human behaviors related to plants and trees being an important component of our environment. The discussion mainly deals with the key environmental issues emphasizing plantation and its significance for balancing the equilibrium of the environment. Additionally, it thrashes out that humans are urged to seedling the plantation even the world is to be ended in Islam. The present study is delimited to the present ecological crises faced by society and a great challenge to the globe. The current ecological problems i.e global warming and climate change are interpreted just to analyze the environmental behaviors in Hadith literature. However, a profundity descriptive study has been conducted in the most influential way to examine the prophetic rules for human behaviors related to trees and plants being environment friendly. Furthermore, the existing practices of humans related to such an environmental sphere also been aptly figure out to highlight all possible ways in the light of prophetic guidance to deal with prevailing environmental issues. Inconsistency between religious teachings and human behaviors need the keen interest of religious scholars and social scientists to carefully harmonize both for maintaining the ecological balance in nature.

Factors affecting Vietnamese farmers' intention toward organic agricultural production

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thi Phuong Linh Nguyen ◽  
Xuan Hau Doan ◽  
Thu Thuy Nguyen ◽  
Thi Mai Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Organic Agriculture ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Subjective Norms ◽  
Rational Approach ◽  
Research Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Personal Norm

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate factors affecting Vietnamese farmer's intention toward organic agricultural production based on research model integrating theories: theory of planned behavior (TPB) and norm activation model (NAM).Design/methodology/approachAfter in-depth interviews with 5 agricultural researchers and 5 farmers, the authors determined the official research model and built a complete survey. Data were collected from 318 farmers in the Hanoi, Vietnam by directly survey. Statistical methods, such as Cronbach's alpha analysis, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM), were used to analyze the data.FindingsThis paper shows that attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control and personal norm were significantly related to intention of the farmers; awareness of consequences was positively related to ascription of responsibility, personal norm, attitude and subjective norms; ascription of responsibility has a positive relationship with personal norm. The TPB-NAM integration model is proven to be superior to the original TPB model when studying factors affecting Vietnamese farmer's intention toward organic agricultural production.Research limitations/implicationsThe main limitation of this paper is that the sampling method is not representative for the whole country and just stops at researching the intentions of farmers without understanding the practices of organic agricultural production.Practical implicationsThe findings indicate that state management agencies in Vietnam need to pay attention to raise awareness among farmers about the role of organic farming, communicate to farmers through different channels about the benefits of organic farming compared to conventional agriculture and form information spillover groups between farmers who have produced organic agriculture and have not yet produced organic agriculture.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the existing literature by focusing on integrating TPB and NAM when understanding farmers' intention toward organic agricultural production in Vietnam. This integrated model has proven the suitability of combining two approaches, a rational approach and an ethical approach, when studying farmer intentions.

scholarly journals Empirical Study on Households’ Energy-Conservation Behavior of Jiangsu Province in China: The Role of Policies and Behavior Results

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Yue ◽  
Ruyin Long ◽  
Junli Liu ◽  
Haiwen Liu ◽  
Hong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Jiangsu Province ◽  
Conservation Behavior ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Quality Threshold ◽  
The Impact

With the improvement of living quality and the increase of energy consumption of residents, their energy conservation behavior (ECB) plays an increasingly important role in energy conservation and emission reduction. As a kind of environmental behavior, ECB of residents is a complicated process. In this paper, ECB is divided into four types, considering habit adjustment, quality threshold, efficiency investment, and interpersonal facilitation. A comprehensive conceptual framework is built, adding perception about energy conservation results (PER) and contextual factors from a new perspective. Based on a survey in Jiangsu province of China, this paper examines the impact of intention on behavior under the moderation of contextual factors, as well as the effect of perception of energy-conservation results on intention and ECB by means of multivariate statistical analysis. The results show that the intention of energy conservation is the determinant of behavior, but it does not well transform into behavior, especially into quality threshold and interpersonal facilitation behavior. Different contextual factors have positive effects on the relationship of intention and different behavior. However, modulating effects of contextual factors as amplifiers do not function effectively due to their low rating scores. PER has a positive impact on intention but not on all types of ECB. Finally, this paper presents important implications for policy makers to optimize energy conservation policy.

Effects of Streamflow and Upwelling on Yield of Wild Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in Oregon

1981 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 471-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis L. Scarnecchia
Keyword(s):  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Positive Relation ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Oregon Coast ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Coastal Rivers ◽  
High Flows ◽  
Oceanic Upwelling

To investigate the dependence of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) yield on streamflow and oceanic upwelling, I regressed catch by the Oregon commercial troll fishery from 1942 to 1962 against indices of offshore upwelling the previous spring and measurements of streamflow from five Oregon coastal rivers during the freshwater rearing phase. A highly significant positive relation was found between total streamflows during the freshwater residency of the fish for the five rivers combined and the weight of the annual catch of coho salmon from 1942 to 1962. There was also a significant positive relation between total combined annual (January–December) flows for these rivers and the catch 2 yr later. Conversely, I found no significant relation between the 60 consecutive days of lowest flow during summer and catch 2 yr later. High flows during freshwater rearing probably provide more habitat and better conditions for growth and survival. I also found a significant positive relation between April through June upwelling at two stations and catch of coho salmon the following year from 1947 to 1962. Fifty-six percent of the variation in catch from 1947 to 1962 was explained by the total flows during freshwater residency, 60 consecutive days of lowest flow, plus combined April through June upwelling at both stations. It is suggested that some stocks of coho salmon smolts may move southward or remain in local offshore waters after they enter the ocean to take advantage of the production of invertebrates resulting from upwelling.Key words: streamflow, upwelling, coho salmon, Oregon coast

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