scholarly journals STRUCTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY OF CLAUDE LEVI-STRAUSS AS A METHOD OF STUDYING THE ETHNIC RELIGION OF OSSETIANS.

Kavkaz-forum ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
С.Г. КЦОЕВА
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Religion ◽  
Religious Worldview ◽  
The People ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The Social ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Structural Universals ◽  
Scientific Truth ◽  
First Time

Этническая религия осетин – сложный объект для изучения по ряду причин. Актуальность ее исследования возрастает с каждым днем. Не­смотря на то, что в последнее десятилетие она переживает некоторое возрождение, современное этнорелигиозное мировоззрение осетин суще­ственно отличается от дореволюционного, об аспектах которого мы имеем возможность судить, в частности, благодаря массиву нарратив­ных источников, фиксирующих народные легенды, предания, травелоги путешественников с описанием элементов традиционной культуры народа. Поэтому необходима конкретизация временного периода, в рам­ках которого мы исследуем этнорелигиозное мировоззрение. Не менее важным является учет социальной среды, поскольку социально-группо­выми различиями (прежде всего, территориально-населенческими) опре­делялась разница и религиозного мировоззрения. Мы изучаем религиозные представления, бытовавшие в среде горской части осетинского этноса в конце XIX – начале XX в., поскольку именно эти люди являлись носите­лями того, что можно считать квинтэссенцией традиционной осетин­ской религии. Этническая религия осетин, безусловно, самобытна, в силу чего мо­жет представлять сложность для исследователя, по логике нуждающе­гося в разработке уникального исследовательского инструментария под стать изучаемому объекту. В настоящей статье впервые представлена апробация структурной методологии Клода Леви-Стросса как наиболее оптимальной для изучения традиционных культур, в частности, рели­гиозной культуры осетинских горцев в указанный период. В этом заклю­чается новизна настоящего исследования. Нашей целью является демон­страция того, как метод структурной антропологии Леви-Стросса спо­собствует поискам научной истины в области реконструкции аспектов религиозного мировоззрения в традиционном осетинском обществе. Для этого в рамках статьи мы решили ряд исследовательских задач, к числу которых, помимо изложения сути методологии Леви-Стросса, относится поиск структурных универсалий в рамках традиционной религии осе­тин и их анализ по аналогии с подобными объектами в иных культурах. The ethnic religion of the Ossetians is a difficult subject and a number of reasons make its study complex. The relevance of its research is increasing every day. Despite the fact that in the last decade it has been experiencing some revival, the modern ethno-religious worldview of the Ossetians differs significantly from the pre-revolutionary one, the aspects of which we can judge, in particular, thanks to the array of narrative sources that record folk legends, traditions, travel logs of travelers with descriptions of elements of traditional culture of the people. Therefore, it is necessary to concretize the time period within which we study the ethno-religious worldview. It is no less important to take into account the social environment, since social and group differences (primarily, territorial and population ones) determined the difference in religious worldview. We study the religious ideas that existed among the mountainous part of the Ossetian ethnos in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, since it was these people who were carriers of what can be considered the quintessence of the traditional Ossetian religion. The ethnic religion of Ossetians is undoubtedly original, which makes it difficult for a researcher who logically needs to develop a unique research tool to match the object under study. In this article, for the first time, the approbation of the structural methodology of Claude Levi-Strauss is presented as the most optimal for the study of traditional cultures, in particular, the religious culture of the Ossetian highlanders during this period. This is the novelty of this study. Our goal is to demonstrate how the Levi-Strauss method of structural anthropology contributes to the search for scientific truth in the field of reconstruction of aspects of religious worldview in traditional Ossetian society. To this end, within the framework of the article, we solved a number of research problems, which, in addition to stating the essence of the Levi-Strauss methodology, include the search for structural universals within the traditional religion of the Ossetians and their analysis by analogy with similar objects in other cultures.

A "ingovernabilidade" do Rio de Janeiro: algumas páginas sobre conceitos, fatos e preconceitos

1997 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 39-53
Author(s):  
Marcelo Lopes de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Strict Sense ◽  
Political Status ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Difference

Governability is quite ofien used as an "umbrella concept", under which both the capacity of governance (manner in which power is exercised in the management of a territory) and the governability in the strict sense of the word (acceptation of the social and political status quo by the people) are subsumed. The first part of this article underlies the difference between these two concepts The second part examines facts in relation to governance and governability problems in Rio de Janeiro, and discusses some ideologically generated current exaggerations about the governability crisis in this metropolis, as suggested by the experience of the 1980s and 1990s.

scholarly journals A Sociolinguistic Study of Choosing Names for Newborn Children in Jordan

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abeer Harb Al-Qawasmi ◽  
Fawwaz Al-Abed Al-Haq
Keyword(s):  
Random Sample ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Personal Names ◽  
The People ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Civil Status ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
Clear Change

<p>This study aims at the study of newborn names in Jordan of a sociolinguistic perspective. This study tries to detect the difference in naming newborns in Jordan over the decades - from the seventies to 2015 due to the result of some factors that may have affected the Jordanian society, whether historical, religious and/or social. The data necessary to complete the study was obtained from the Civil Status Department and the Department of Statistics. The data obtained consisted of names of both sexes during the time period from the seventies until the early year of 2015, a random sample of personal names within the same family were also provided. The data was analyzed quantitatively. The study revealed that there is a clear change in the choice of newborn names-male and female-in Jordan, whether a change in sounds or in morphemes. In specific, names during the seventies were strongly linked to the culture and the values, religious or social, in which the people believed in. During the eighties and nineties, names were associated with certain social values, however, some names were shown to be affected by urbanization or modernization. And with the beginning of 2000 up to 2015, peoples directions towards naming newborns changed due to the advent of globalization, associating with development and urbanization, and moreover, the influence of different cultures on the community.</p>

scholarly journals Kesantunan dalam Ritual Pernikahan Masyarakat Hindu-Bali; Kajian Etnopsikolingustik Religius

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Kadek Devi Kalfika Anggria Wardani
Keyword(s):  
Social Distance ◽  
The People ◽  
Observation Methods ◽  
The Social ◽  
Politeness Strategies ◽  
Hindu Community ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Traditional Marriage ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Speech Situation

The study which is descriptive qualitative in nature, aims to investigate preference of politeness strategies by Balinese Hindu-community in traditional marriage ritual. Data was collected using interview and observation methods. Based on the results of data analysis, this research shows that the form of politeness that arises can be seen in terms of place, time, to the leaders of the people, during preparation, implementation, disclosure of the relationship with the Almighty, and after the completion of the ritual. The different forms of politeness that emerge can be seen from the use of Balinese in various levels which are adjusted to the social distance and speech situation. Besides being seen from the use of language, linguistic politeness is also evident from the attitude, intonation, and tone of the speaker. The difference in the form of politeness is intentionally raised to cause certain psychological impacts on the interlocutor.

scholarly journals Mysteries, philosophy, and self-representation in imperial Rome : Plutarch, Apuleius, and Vettius Agorius Praetextatus

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Andrew J. Buchheim
Keyword(s):  
Religious Practice ◽  
Traditional Religion ◽  
Greek Philosophy ◽  
Common People ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Imperial Rome ◽  
Social Elite ◽  
The Social ◽  
Philosophy And Religion ◽  
The Difference

In my dissertation, I explore the use of mystery cults in three separate authors -- Plutarch of Chaeronea, Apuleius of Madauros, and Vettius Agorius Praetextatus -- and analyze how these writers use mystery cults to self-referential ends. This study is not primarily concerned with the actual rituals and the objects used in mystery cults, but rather explores how these writers present these elements in their works. Through writing about mystery cults, I argue, these authors intentionally construct significant facets of their public iamges built around claims to erudition and the possession of a paideia that includes knowledge of Greek philosophy (often explicitly Platonic). Further, these constructed images are colored by traditionalism and antiquarianism. I argue that these texts are (auto)biographical in nature because each author shapes his personal experience and his ideas about religious practice in calculated ways that aims for a particular type of self-presentation. Through discussion of mystery cults, that is, these three authors present themselves in a way that address both reading and listening audiences. I chart the elements consistent between each author and also explore how specific historical contexts and contemporary intellectual currents shaped what it meant to write about mystery cults over a span of nearly three hundred years. Plutarch's On Superstition and On Isis and Osiris, Apuleius' Apology and Golden Ass, and Praetextatus' funerary monument in conjunction with Macrobius' Saturnalia all show that elite authors intimately connect participation in mystery cults with erudition and the possession of philosophical knowledge, which is Greek and Platonic in nature. More particularly, Plutarch and Apuleius make strong connections between themselves and the Greek past, emphasizing their connections to Platonic thought. Although Praetextatus' funerary monument contains some vague Platonic resonances, it primarily emphasizes his connection with traditional religion practices of the Roman senatorial aristocracy that consciously separate the senator from the Christian element in Roman high society. Ultimately, philosophy and religion are nearly synonymous in these texts. In short, each author intellectualizes popular religious forms in order to highlight in some manner the difference between the social elite and the common people. Writing about mysteries is also self-writing.

scholarly journals Marginalitatea opresivă: Spațiul-stereotip și spațiile de colecție în literatura scriitorilor moldoveni / Oppressive marginality: the place stereotype and the spaces of collection in the literature of Moldavian writers

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-68
Author(s):  
Maricica Munteanu
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Representations ◽  
Spatial Practices ◽  
Ideal Image ◽  
The People ◽  
Provincial City ◽  
The Social ◽  
Organic Community ◽  
The Difference

This paper states out that marginality is not always the space of radical difference as a range of spatial theories underline, but also a hostile space that transforms the difference into a mechanism of exclusion. The spatial representations of Moldova, a conservative space with a particular mythology, expose a limitative oppressive space that alienates the people that fall out its canon. The borough in Mihail Sadoveanu’s work or the provincial city in Ionel Teodoreanu’s literature are examples of this hostile space which is marginality. The myths of periphery such as the glorious past, the social idyll or the organic community operate with mechanisms of power that constrain and fix according to a pre-existing image of space. Therefore, the periphery becomes the space of radical closure, excluding the difference in name of a marginal identity. I examine two realities of this radical space: the place stereotype and the spaces of collection. While the first one forces the diversity of spatial practices to fit a unitary ideal image of space, the second type accumulates the variety of spatial representations but deprives them of any functionality.

scholarly journals Alexander Ostrovsky’s play “Late Love”: from its conception to the implementation

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 107-112
Author(s):  
Irina A. Ovchinina ◽  
Andrei A. Vinogradov
Keyword(s):  
Time And Space ◽  
Love Story ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Dramatic Action ◽  
First Time ◽  
Written Materials

The article examines the contents’ peculiarity of the play “Late Love” in accord with its author’s artistic intentions. For the first time hand-written materials (rough copies and the play’s draft) have been taken into account and brought into academic use; the chirographs make it possible to bring to light the main points of the play and its vital problems. Special attention is paid to still greater importance the author was lending to the love story while working at the play; it helps to reveal the meaning of the play’s title. It is noted that for the first time Alexander Ostrovsky had shown a highly moral heroine who committed crime for the sake of the man she loved. In this connection, a few opinions of some critics are cited who gave negative estimation to the play. Analysing the play’s artistic merits the authors of the article take notice of the fact that the action is concentrated in time and space. The Shablovs’ house where lawyers, a tradesman, a landlady, and a clerk make their appearance, reflects to a certain extent the social strata of the post-reformed Russia and the tendencies typical of that world. The study of the initial draft made it clear that Alexander Ostrovsky thought over at first the play’s “scenario”, the number of personages, determined their characters and their role in the action’s development. The dramatic action and the happy end draw the spectators to the conclusion that a human’s salvation from its moral ruin is love, personal ability to repent and to realise its responsibility for the people close to it and for the world as a whole.

scholarly journals WADAH AKTIFITAS KREATIF DI MARUNDA, JAKARTA UTARA

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1023
Author(s):  
Syamil Mumtaz ◽  
Diah Anggraini
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Social Boundaries ◽  
Third Place ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Diverse Backgrounds ◽  
Activity Center ◽  
The Difference

Marunda North Jakarta is known as a fisherman settlement area that has been aged for hundreds of years, besides that this area is also the location of low-income housing construction for Low-Income Community Groups (MBR) whose residents are residents who are relocated from various villages in Jakarta, so that the residents of the flat are very heterogeneous. The diverse backgrounds of the Marunda people cause differences in culture and daily habits that create the creation of social boundaries that result in a lack of harmony in the social sphere between residents of Rusunawa and Kampung Nelayan communities, in the process of relocating some residents to lose their jobs. Apart from that, the difference in the shape of the dwellings that were different from those previously densely landed and now are now vertical which causes the formation of spatial boundaries that did not exist before. There is a need that can support the community to create harmony in the diversity of the Marunda community in social, economic and cultural aspects. This study aims to develop a Marunda Activity Center design concept as a third place to accommodate the activities of Marunda residents using the Transprogramming method. The building is designed by combining programs that are spatially different, with the aim of producing programs that are fit to the community so that they can build social interaction and can support the economy to improve the quality of life which will have an impact on the welfare of the people of Marunda. AbstrakMarunda Jakarta Utara dikenal sebagai kawasan pemukiman nelayan yang telah berusia ratusan tahun. Selain itu kawasan ini juga merupakan lokasi dibangunnya rusunawa bagi kelompok Masyarakat Berpenghasilan Rendah (MBR) yang sebagian penduduknya adalah warga yang direlokasi dari berbagai kampung di Jakarta, sehingga penghuni rusun bersifat sangat heterogen. Beragamnya latar belakang warga Marunda menyebabkan terjadinya perbedaan dalam budaya dan kebiasaan sehari-hari yang menjadikan terciptanya batas sosial yang mengakibatkan kurangnya keharmonisan dalam lingkup sosial baik antar penghuni Rusunawa maupun masyarakat Kampung Nelayan. Dalam proses relokasi sebagian warga kehilangan pekerjaannya. Selain hal tersebut perbedaan bentuk tempat tinggal yang berbeda dari yang sebelumnya padat landed lalu sekarang menjadi vertikal yang menyebkan terbentuknya batas spasial yang sebelumnya tidak ada. Terdapat kebutuhan yang dapat menunjang masyarakat untuk mewujudkan keharmonisan dalam keberagaman masyarakat Marunda pada aspek sosial, ekonomi dan seni budaya. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menyusun suatu konsep perancangan Marunda Activity Center sebagai third place untuk mewadahi kegiatan warga Marunda dengan menggunakan metode Transprogramming. Bangunan dirancang dengan menggabungkan program-program yang berbeda secara spasialnya, dengan tujuan untuk menghasilkan program yang fit kepada masyarakat sehingga dapat membangun interaksi sosial dan dapat menunjang perekonomian untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup yang akan berdampak pada kesejahteraan masyarakat Marunda.

scholarly journals The Social Impact Toward A North Carolina Man As Seen In Nicholas Sparks’ The Notebook

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-199
Author(s):  
Siti Marda Yuliana
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
The Novel ◽  
High Class ◽  
Love Story ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Difference

The problem in this study is social impact from North Carolina citizen for the main character’s life. In the novel, Noah’s life is influenced by his social life, especially his love story with Allie. They are separated because of the difference of social class and people’s view about them who come from different status. From the result of this study found that, 1) social impact from people around to the main character in The Notebook novel, that is separating social class into three types, low class, middle class and high class, 2) social impact also influenced by the environment , which is North Carolina has beautiful view and make the people love their hometown by writing the poem, but in other side, environment makes space between people and their social status, 3) social impact is influenced by North Carolina citizen’s view who separate people based on the social class, and it makes the interaction between low class and high class is very limited, especially in relationship and marriage.    

Frequency of Emergency Department Visits for Sickle Cell Disease Vaso-Occlusive Crisis and Its Contribution to Hospital Admission Rates

Blood ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 126 (23) ◽  
pp. 5569-5569
Author(s):  
Patrick Loeffler ◽  
Taylor Mueller ◽  
Abdullah Kutlar ◽  
Robert Gibson ◽  
LaShon Sturgis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Admission Rate ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Admission Rates ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Number Of Visits ◽  
The Difference ◽  
First Time

Abstract Background: Patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC) frequently seek care in the emergency department (ED). To improve and increase consistency of care patients with uncomplicated VOC, are treated in the Emergency Department Observation Unit (EDOU) where they are treated with an individualized protocol-based pathway. EDOUs have been shown to be effective in meeting treatment guidelines and reducing hospital admission. Objective: This study examines the admission rates of individuals with SCD stratified by frequency of presentation at the EDOU. Methods: A retrospective review of an ED database was completed to explore the relationship between EDOU utilization and admission rate for patients with uncomplicated VOC. All patient records meeting pathway inclusion criteria for uncomplicated VOC during the time period September 2013 through May 2015 were included in the study. Visits were first associated with individual patients. Then, based on the number of visits per time period, patients were categorized as high users, moderate users, or low users. Categorization was done using the number of visits during the first, 12-month period (9/11/13 - 9/10/14), or the second, nine-month period (9/10/14 - 5/31/15). Adaptations to the categorization scheme for the nine-month time period were as follows. Low users were patients that had no more than one visit in either the first or second time period; moderate users were patients with two or three visits in the first time period or two visits in the second; high users were patients with four or more visits in the first time period, or three or more visits in the second time period. Admission rates were calculated as percentages of visits to the EDOU. Rates of admission for high, middle, and low users were compared using an unpaired, one-tailed Student's t-test. This study was approved by expedited review by the institution's Institutional Review Board (IRB). Results: A total of 727 visits for 154 patients were included in the analysis. High users (n=44) had a total of 539 visits and an average patient admission rate of 22% (n=118). Moderate users (n=49) had a total of 108 visits and an admission rate of 31% (n=33). Low users (N=61) had a total of 80 visits and an admission rate of 36% (n=29). The difference between the number of high user admissions and low user admissions was significant (p<0.01) as was the difference between the number of moderate-user visits and the number of high-user visits (p=0.04). The difference between the number of moderate and low user admissions was not significant (p=0.14). Conclusion: This study found that the difference in the number of admissions between high and low users and between high and moderate users was significant. The findings provide support for the value of the EDOU in reducing unnecessary hospital admissions. These findings also raise important questions regarding the phenotypic expression of pain in SCD and the availability of care. Although the criteria for categorization of patients in this study was limited and the time periods unequal the results suggest different patterns of personal response to pain and treatment seeking. It is unknown how these groups may be different in regards to access to care, treatment preferences, self-care practices, or severity of disease. It can be hypothesized from these results that there may be two different patterns of care seeking with some patients only using the EDOU when crisis is severe (low users) and other patients (high users) using the EDOU as part of their regular pain treatment strategy. To address these questions it is necessary to further examine the differences between these groups to look for explanations that can address increased utilization of the EDOU among some patients. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals THE DOCTRINAL IMPACT OF SOCIAL CONTRACT CATEGORY ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PHILOSOPHY OF LEGAL SCIENCES

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-23
Author(s):  
R. F. Hrynyuk ◽  
Yu. V. Hotsuliak
Keyword(s):  
Social Contract ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Legal Consciousness ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
Philosophical Foundations ◽  
Legal Origins ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
First Time

The article researches the peculiarities of the social contract theory influence on the philosophical foundations of legal science. The author analyzes the classical doctrines of T. Hobbes, J. Locke, J.-J. Rousseau, who created the theory of social contract, the article substantiates the influence of this theory on the interpretation of certain legal principles, the function of law and the initial legal origins. It is studied the nature of the legal compromise between public and state legal principles. It is stated the scientific position that the contract as a legal attribute and negotiability as a legal property of the person are the order ontological foundations (instead of simply a civil category). T. Hobbes's theory of the social contract defends the position that the renunciation and transfer of absolute freedom and absolute "right to everything" is a transition from the individual to the general legal state of society, which makes it possible to answer questions about internal legal formation and human development as a legal entity. Locke demonstrates the concentration of legal meanings not in supernatural principles, but in man himself, since it is a person who is the source of legal potential. According to the position of J. Locke, individuals are endowed with equal freedom and as a consequence, equality in the perception of each other without any renunciation, and thus, are capable of legal compromise. Therefore J. Locke's theory of social contract allows to doctrinally substantiate key legal principles as innate integral legal attributes of human existence. The theory of social contract makes it possible to look at the nature of power, as well as communication between the sovereign and the people from a purely legal and anthropological point of view, to distinguish their logic unlike the theological approach and its principle of «given». Order as a key legal characteristic is revealed through bargaining power as the ability to obey established requirements. This theory for the first time reveals some inalienable legal meanings: the legal capacity of legal consciousness, mutual restraint, subjugation, generality.

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