scholarly journals Determination of an Annual Groundwater Recharge and Demand in Oke-Ero LGA, Kwara State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akeem A Agboola ◽  
Babatunde K Adeogun ◽  
Morufu A Ajibike
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Groundwater Potential ◽  
Water Demands ◽  
The People ◽  
Potential Groundwater ◽  
Daily Water

Efficient groundwater management, water consumption rate and quantitative determination of the amount of rainfall that recharges groundwater naturally is essential for a place like Oke-Ero LGA where  the people in Oke-Ero depend mainly on groundwater as the only source of water supply. In this work, an attempt has been made to evaluate the amount of rainfall that recharges aquifers using Krishna model with a view to knowing the groundwater potential of the area and determine the water consumption rate. This study established that Oke-Ero LGA has 65.7 million cubic meters (MCM) groundwater potential annually, from the survey output the average daily water demand in Oke-Ero is 75 l/c/d. The total water demands across the LGA based on 2016 population estimate is 2.11 MCM/year with anticipated increase of 4.34 MCM/year by 2040 and expected water demand increase rate of 3.2% annually. This work has ascertained that the available water is sufficient to take care of the water demand of the people in Oke-Ero LGA and it also shows that there is more water for other activities such as industrial purposes. Keywords - Groundwater potential, Groundwater recharge, Oke-Ero LGA, Water demand. 

scholarly journals The Use of Cluster Analysis to Evaluate the Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Daily Water Demand Patterns

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 5772
Author(s):  
Paulina Dzimińska ◽  
Stanisław Drzewiecki ◽  
Marek Ruman ◽  
Klaudia Kosek ◽  
Karol Mikołajewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Supply Networks ◽  
Water Demands ◽  
Diurnal Distribution ◽  
Demand Patterns ◽  
The Impact

Proper determination of unitary water demand and diurnal distribution of water consumption (water consumption histogram) provides the basis for designing, dimensioning, and all analyses of water supply networks. It is important in the case of mathematical modelling of flows in the water supply network, particularly during the determination of nodal water demands in the context of Extended Period Simulation (EPS). Considering the above, the analysis of hourly water consumption in selected apartment buildings was performed to verify the justification of the application of grouping by means of k-means clustering. The article presents a detailed description of the adopted methodology, as well as the obtained results in the form of synthetic distributions of hourly water consumption, and the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on their change.

scholarly journals Delineation of groundwater recharge zones in the Mitidja plain, north Algeria, using multi-criteria analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 1468-1484
Author(s):  
Abdelmadjid Boufekane ◽  
Hind Meddi ◽  
Mohamed Meddi
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
High Water ◽  
Groundwater Potential ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Groundwater Potential Zones ◽  
Gis And Remote Sensing ◽  
Potential Groundwater ◽  
North Algeria ◽  
High Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Supply Information

Abstract This work aims to identify the potential groundwater recharge zones in the Mitidja plain (north Algeria) using the multi-criteria approach. The analysis was based on the use of a geographical information system (GIS) and remote sensing to establish eight thematic maps, weighted, categorized and inserted, that allowed us to establish the potential zones’ map for groundwater recharge. Three potential groundwater recharge classes were defined corresponding, respectively, to low (26%), moderate (47%) and high (27%). The best groundwater potential zones are situated in the piedmont of the Blidean Atlas (the south of the study area), precisely, upstream near to wadis (wadi El Harrach, wadi Djemaa, wadi Mazafran) and the western aquifer limit, where the hydrogeological units are formed by the alluvium formation which is characterized by high hydraulic conductivity, high water flow, low slope, low drainage, low quantity transported sediments and good water quality. The obtained results, in this work, describe the groundwater recharge potential areas and supply information for a suitable mapping and the management of aquifer resources in the study area.

scholarly journals Kebutuhan Air Harian Masyarakat Desa Jada Bahrin Kabupaten Bangka

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
Endang Setyawati Hisyam ◽  
Ferra Fahriani ◽  
Rahmad Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Water Demand ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Artificial Pond ◽  
The People ◽  
Daily Water

Jada Bahrin village produces vegetables, rubber, pepper, and pineapple. The people in this village work as a farmer, fisherman, trader, and entrepreneur. They face a big problem to get water in dry season. They only rely on artificial pond to collect and distribute the water to the people. The goals of this study is to know the average daily water demand at present and the prediction of water needs for the next 10 years as well as the factors that influence the water needs in Jada Bahrin. Data for analysis were gathered by distributing questionnaires to respondents. Based on the analysis, the average daily water demand of each person in Jada Bahrin Village was 107.83 liters/person/day (Ipoph) and the prediction of the total water needs of Jada Bahrin Village in the next 10 years (2028) was 2.43 liters/second. Factors affecting the need for clean water were the type of work, the level of income and the influence of climate

scholarly journals Current and Future Potable Water Demand and Supply at the Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel B Akeju ◽  
Ochuko M Ojo ◽  
James R Adewumi
Keyword(s):  
Water Demand ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Water Demands ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
Water Demand And Supply ◽  
Daily Water ◽  
The University ◽  
University Community

This study is aimed at assessing current and future potable water demand and supply at the Federal University of Technology, Akure (FUTA), Nigeria. The only source of water to the University community is ground water extracted through boreholes constructed at different locations in the University. Eighteen (18) storage and distribution reservoirs were assessed to assess their capacity to adequately supply water for the present and future population of students and staff within the institution. FUTA had a population of 28,419 in 2019, the staff made up 9.16% of the total population while the students constituted the remaining 90.84%. A 30-year population projection was made for both staff and students using the geometric increase method of population forecasting. The study revealed that the population of FUTA will grow to 62,280 persons in 2049 from 28,419 in 2019 assuming a constant growth rate of 2.65% while the current average daily water demand of the University community is 1,475.83 m3/day. The current yield of water from the boreholes in FUTA is 1,198.07 m3/day which is not sufficient to meet the daily water demands of the University community. The maximum possible yield from the boreholes is 2,443.68 m3/day under normal conditions involving stable power supply and adequate personnel. Furthermore, it is projected that by the year 2049, the average daily water demand of the University community would be 2,995.74 m3/day. The outcome of this study revealed that there is water shortage in FUTA and the situation would worsen as the years go by if adequate measures are not put in place. The construction of a dam and water treatment plant is recommended to meet the increasing water demands occasioned by increase in population .Keywords – Potable, water, demand, supply, boreholes

Water use by lactating sows

1988 ◽  
Vol 1988 ◽  
pp. 122-122
Author(s):  
B.P. Gill ◽  
P.H. Brooks ◽  
J.L. Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Water Demands ◽  
Individual Variations ◽  
Lactating Sows ◽  
Daily Water ◽  
Daily Water Consumption

There have been few published studies on the water needs of lactating sows under contemporary systems of feeding, housing and management. The literature available indicates that lactating sows provided with an unrestricted water supply show considerable individual variations in daily water consumption. Although ARC (1981) suggest that lactating sows should have access to an unrestricted water supply, an allowance of between 15 and 20 l/day has been recommended to meet the requirements for water. This study investigated the water demands of lactating sows provided with an unrestricted supply of water and to determine the stage of lactation on daily water use.

scholarly journals Long Storage as Water Source during Dry Period for Sarawak River Basin

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Nyambar S. ◽  
Bong C.H.J.
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Water Demands ◽  
Daily Water ◽  
The City ◽  
Long Storage

The recent drought in August 2009 which was triggered by the El Nino phenomenon had affected Kuching city to the extent that the city was facing critical shortage of water supply. In this study, the daily water demand for Kuching city was determined based on two major usages which were treated water demand for water supply production and for the flushing operation by the barrage in Sarawak River Basin for a selected year. These water demands were compared with the available supply from Sarawak River to determine the amount of water as storage to be prepared for critical shortage during the drier period. The results shows that the total maximum, average and minimum daily water demand for Sarawak River Basin are 8,715.264, 3,812.516 and 82.946 cumec.day respectively. The maximum daily demand was compared with the water supplied by Sarawak River Kiri at Kpg. Git station and from the flow mass curve; the needed storage is approximately 100 cumec.day for the critical period of May to October. A preliminary design for long storage has also been proposed to store water during the wet season to be used during the dry period.

scholarly journals Mapping of Potential Groundwater Recharge Zones: A Case Study of Maputaland Coastal Plain, South Africa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denisha Ponnusamy ◽  
N Rajmohan ◽  
Peiyue Li ◽  
M Thirumurugan ◽  
Chidambaram Sabarathinam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Groundwater Potential ◽  
Boolean Logic ◽  
Combination Method ◽  
Groundwater Potential Zone ◽  
Potential Zone ◽  
Groundwater Potential Zones ◽  
Thematic Layers ◽  
Potential Groundwater

Abstract The potential groundwater zones of the Maputaland coastal plain of Kwazulu-Natal is identified by comparing the Analytic hierarchy process (AHP)-Multi criteria decision-making (MCDM)techniqueand Boolean logical approach. The map of groundwater potential zones was prepared by generation and integration of 8 thematic layers, i.e. geology, geomorphology, lineament density, soils, slope, rainfall and land use. Each thematic layer wereassigned with subjective relative weights under AHP-MCDM technique and Boolean logic and were overlaid in aGIS platform to identify the groundwater potential zones. The groundwater potential zones were delineated under two different GIS techniques to obtain confident results. Weights of thematic layers were allocated using AHP normalized eigen vector methodology and weighted linear combination method was employed to find the groundwater potential index.Whereas in a Boolean approach, AND operator was appliedin order to integrate thematic layers to delineate the groundwater potential zones. The delineated groundwater potential maps using AHP-MCDM technique indicates that 6.0% (310.5 km2) from total area falls under very good; 67% (3467 km2) good; 25% (1294 km2) poor and 2% (103.5 km2) under very poor, whereas in Boolean logic about 70 % of the area (i.e. 3623 km2) constitutes good and 30 % (1552 km2) of the areasconstitutes poor groundwater potential zone. Further, the obtained results indicate thatthe geology, geomorphology, landuse and slope playeda vital role in groundwater recharge. Thispioneer study in maputaland coastal plainexplores the baseline data of the potential groundwater zones. The resultsemanating from this study can be used in further understanding of the available groundwater resources and can be helpful in future to find the suitable groundwater exploration sites in the area.

scholarly journals Increase in Daily Household Water Demand during the First Wave of the Covid-19 Pandemic in Germany

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 260
Author(s):  
Deike U. Lüdtke ◽  
Robert Luetkemeier ◽  
Michael Schneemann ◽  
Stefan Liehr
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
Similar Time ◽  
Percentage Difference ◽  
Daily Water ◽  
Precautionary Measures ◽  
Daily Water Consumption

Precautionary measures and governmental regulations during the COVID-19 pandemic’s first wave have drastically altered daily activities and hence water consumption patterns. Many people had to change their working routines, the organization of childcare and hygiene practices. While first evidence appears on the impacts of COVID-19 on, e.g., carbon emissions, energy demand and water treatment, even indicating an unexpected increase in water consumption during that period, no study has investigated the pandemic’s sole and in-depth implications for water supply so far. This paper investigates hourly and daily water consumption volumes of a utility in northern Germany for the first wave of the pandemic. We performed a linear mixed model to compare the 2020 daily water consumption volumes with previous years. We eliminated the effects of climate using Bayesian statistic in order to carve out and estimate the original COVID-19 effect. We also compared hourly water consumption of similar time periods and calculated the percentage difference between 2020 and the two previous years. Our results reveal about 14.3% (3 968 m3) higher residential water consumption per day with higher morning and evening demand peaks during the day. We hypothesis that the reasons for the increasing water demand may be found in changed behavioral routines with an important question for water utilities, if and which of these new dynamics may persist after COVID-19 and hence pose a challenge for long-term infrastructure planning.

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