Cardiac Functions & Lipid Profile In Obese Children & Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-16
Author(s):  
T. Ajit Kumar ◽  
Dr. Vineeta Pande ◽  
Dr. Sharad Agarkhedkar ◽  
Dr. Mayank Surana
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽  
Cardiac Functions ◽  
The Difference

Background: Obesity is a disease which results from genetic or lifestyle factors. Such diseases are called Non communicable diseases. The epidemic of obesity among youth is spreading at an alarming rate due to lack of physical activity, dietary habits. The percentage of youths who are at risk of becoming overweight continues to increase. National data indicates that 16% of children aged six to nineteen years are overweight.(1)   Considering the high prevalence of  obesity among children and adolescents and its associated cardiovascular complications like hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy, increased left ventricular mass, decreased left ventricular ejection fraction, the present study was planned to assess cardiac functions and lipid profile in obese children and adolescents. Early detection and intervention can help in reducing the complications associated with obesity. Objective: Primary objective is to assess cardiac functions and lipid profile in obese children and adolescents. Methodology: 100 obese children and adolescents in the age group 6-18 years were taken after excluding obese children with evidence of endocrine disease, malformation syndromes and iatrogenic obesity (drug treatments). Results: In the present study 7% subjects were hypertensive while 8% were prehypertensive. 71.43% children with hypertension were performing physical activity for < 30 min in 1-3 days/week while 49.11% normotensive children were performing physical activity for > 30 min per day. 3% obese children were having abnormal LVEF on 2DECHO .All the 3 obese children with abnormal LVEF were having physical activity less than 30 min in 1-3 days /week and the difference was statistically significant. All the three children with abnormal LVEF were hypertensive and the difference was statistically significant. 6% children were having raised serum cholesterol >190mg/dl.   Serum triglyceride >150mg/dl was observed in 17% obese children. HDL level <20mg/dl was observed in 7% children while LDL above 130mg/dl was observed in 6% children. The proportion among male and female children was comparable. Conclusion: Cardiovascular complications of adulthood in obese children and adolescents may be prevented by early identification and intervention in the form of healthy life style, dietary intake and physical activity.

STUDY THE CHANGES IN MORPHOLOGY AND LEFT VENTRICULAR FUNCTION IN OVERWEIGHT-OBESE CHILDREN 5-15 YEARS OLD WHO VISITED CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL IN CAN THO

2011 ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
Hung Viet Bui ◽  
Thi Cu Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricular Function ◽  
Ventricular Function ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽  
Children's Hospital ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Children’S Hospital

Objective: In Vietnam, obesity is increasing particularly in many large cities. Adult cardiovascular diseases are often derived from cardiovascular disorders during the children period. The implementation of early measures to prevent atherosclerosis, such as weight control, better lipid control will reduce the cardiovascular complications, such as hypertension (HTA), coronary heart diseases and some other diseases. Materials and Methods: Overweight - obese children from 5 to 15 years old who visited the Children's Hospital in Can Tho from May 2009 to May 2010. Total number of patients were chosen as 50 children. Method: Descriptive cross-sectional. Children in the study underwent Doppler ultrasound exam to evaluate cardiac morphology and cardiac function. Results: There were increases in left ventricular systolic diameter, left ventricular diastolic diameter, LV mass in overweight-obese children in the study compared with controls at all ages (p <0.05 ). Left ventricular ejection fraction in overweight-obese children in the study was lower than the control group at all ages (p> 0.05). The average rate of left ventricular shortening of overweight-obese children in the study was 34.8 ± 4.5(%). There was no difference in the rate of shortening of the left ventricle in overweight-obese children in the study compared with controls (p>0.05). There was no relationship between variation in morphology and left ventricular function with the degree of overweight-obesity in this study. Conclusion: The study showed that disturbances in morphology and left ventricular function in overweight-obese children but did not find a strong association with the disorder degree of overweight-obesity.

The Effects of Nordic Walking Compared to Conventional Walking on Aerobic Capacity and Lipid Profile in Women Over 55 Years of Age

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Anna Witkowska ◽  
Małgorzata Grabara ◽  
Dorota Kopeć ◽  
Zbigniew Nowak
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Nordic Walking ◽  
Ventricular Ejection Fraction

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Nordic Walking compared to conventional walking on aerobic capacity, the lipid profile, left ventricular ejection fraction, body mass, and body mass index in women over 55 years old. Methods: The study was comprised of 74 women over 55 years of age. Participants were randomized to the Nordic Walking (n = 38) or conventional walking (n = 36) training groups. The echocardiogram, treadmill exercise stress test, lipid profile, and body mass were assessed at baseline (pretest) and after 12 weeks (posttest). Results: The authors found a significant main effect over time in duration (effect size [ES] = 0.59, P < .0001), distance covered (ES = 0.56, P < .0001), peak oxygen consumption (ES = 0.43, P < .0001), metabolic equivalent (ES = 0.29, P < .0001), peak heart rate (ES = 0.2, P < .0001), peak diastolic blood pressure (ES = 0.11, P = .0045), total cholesterol (ES = 0.26, P < .0001), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (ES = 0.16, P = .0005). The authors did not observe a time versus group interaction or the effect between groups. Post hoc tests revealed significant pretraining to posttraining differences in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol after the Nordic Walking training program and in peak diastolic blood pressure after the conventional walking training program. The heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure at rest, peak diastolic blood pressure, somatic parameters (body mass and body mass index), and left ventricular ejection fraction did not change in either group. Conclusions: Both training programs resulted in increases in aerobic capacity and decreases in total cholesterol.

scholarly journals Prognostic Value of Biomarkers in Children and Adolescents With Orthostatic Intolerance

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huijuan Yan ◽  
Shuo Wang ◽  
Hong Cai ◽  
Juan Zhang ◽  
Ping Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Orthostatic Intolerance ◽  
Urinary Sodium Excretion ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Tilt Test ◽  
Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽  
Long Term Prognosis ◽  
Head Up Tilt Test

Orthostatic intolerance (OI) refers to a series of symptoms that occur during upright standing, which can be relieved when returned to the supine position. OI is a common cause of syncope in children and adolescents. In recent years, more and more studies have been carried out to assess the prognosis of OI by using biomarkers, among which, flow-mediated vasodilation, left ventricular ejection fraction and fractional shortening, hemodynamic change during head-up tilt test, detection of 24-h urinary sodium excretion, body mass index, midregional pro-adrenomedullin, and erythrocytic H2S producing rate are relatively stable, inexpensive, and easy to obtain. With the help of biomarkers, individualized treatment can be carried out to improve the long-term prognosis of children and adolescents with OI. This article reviews the prognostic value of biomarkers in children and adolescents with OI.

Prolongation of TTP by maintenance therapy with PLD in a multicenter phase III randomized trial following standard chemotherapy for MBC: GEICAM 2001–01 study

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1007-1007 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Alba ◽  
M. Ruiz-Borrego ◽  
M. Martín ◽  
M. Margelí ◽  
Á. Rodríguez-Lescure ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maintenance Therapy ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
First Line ◽  
Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽  
Congestive Failure ◽  
Cardiac Functions ◽  
Hand Foot Syndrome ◽  
Study Hypothesis

1007 Background: We had previously shown that sequential A→T is a reference treatment as first-line CT for MBC patients (pt) (JCO 2004, (22), 2587–2593). However, responses are short-lived and time to progression (TTP) is also short. Maintenance chemotherapy (MCT) with LPD could improve TTP without relevant additional toxicity. Methods: All pt received an induction CT with 6 cycles (cy) of A→T. Pt with a complete or partial response (CR, PR), or stable disease (SD) were randomly assigned to either LPD (40 mg/m2 q4wk × 6 cy) or observation (O) from May 2002 to Dec 2006. Eligible pt had adequate bone marrow, renal, hepatic and cardiac functions (by left ventricular ejection fraction, LVEF). The study hypothesis assumed a median TTP since start of induction CT in O arm of 10.5 months (m), and a prolongation of TTP of 66% with MCT. Therefore, 154 pt (77 per arm) were necessary (one-sided a and 1-β errors of 0.01 and 0.8). Results: Pt accrual was completed in December 06. 122 and 136 pt (60/66 in LPD vs. 62/70 in O) are currently evaluable for efficacy and safety. Median age was 57 yr (30–74). Status disease in pt assigned to LPD vs. O: 2 (3%) vs. 6 (9%) of pt had CR, 31 (47%) vs. 43 (61%) had PR; 33 (50%) vs. 21 (30%) had SD. 291 cy of LPD were administered (median 6, range 0–6). Neither relevant LVEF decrease nor clinical congestive failure were seen. Nausea/vomiting and alopecia incidence was negligible. G3 hand-foot syndrome was present in 3 pt/3 cy (5/1%). Median TTP in LPD arm was 16.04 m (14.06–18.02), vs. 9.96 m (8.87–11.05) in O arm, p=0.0001. Conclusion: Maintenance therapy with LPD significantly prolongs TTP in MBC pt after a first-line CT without significant clinical toxicity. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Descriptive evaluation of frequent patient referrals to our cardio-oncology clinic: The Mayo experience.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e14018-e14018
Author(s):  
Anza Zahid ◽  
Prema P. Peethambaram ◽  
Carrie A. Thompson ◽  
Minetta C. Liu ◽  
Kathryn Jean Ruddy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Cancer Type ◽  
Ventricular Ejection Fraction

e14018 Background: Cancer survival rates are improving. Therefore, management of cardiovascular complications has now become a crucial clinical concern. Cardio-oncology is the sub-specialty that assists in the overall management of cancer patients in a multi-disciplinary manner. Mayo Clinic cardio-oncology practice was initiated to work closely with our oncology colleagues for early detection of cardiovascular complications in response to cancer-therapy. Majority of the patients visit our cardio-oncology clinic once, we thought it is important to study the group of patients that visited frequently due to cardiovascular complications. Aim: To evaluate the most common cardiovascular complication in patients with 2 or more visits to our cardio-oncology clinic. Methods: From 2012-2017, there were > 2500 patients visits to our clinic, with 24 patients having 2 or more visits. Data including patients’ demographics, ethnicity, chemotherapeutic medications, primary cancer type, cardiovascular risk factors, echocardiography and clinical outcomes were collected. Cardiotoxicity was defined as the decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of > 10% to a value of < 53%. Heart failure was diagnosed based on Framingham’s criteria or by a cardiologist. Results: There were 19 women (80%) and 5 men (20%). Median age at the time of diagnosis was 56 years [19-76]. The most common malignancy was breast cancer (70%), followed by B-cell lymphoma (12%) and acute myeloid leukemia (8%). Thirty percent had > 2 risk factors for cardiovascular disease. 75% of the patients had an LVEF of < 53, of these 67% developed heart failure with 58% preserved and 42% reduced ejection fraction. Those with heart failure had received a mean anthracycline dose of 305 ± 91.8mg/m2. With initiation of ACEI, B-Blockers, and diuretics (GDMT) 79% showed recovery of LVEF to ≥53 during the follow up. Conclusions: In our experience, most patients who were seen at least twice in the cardio-oncology clinic for heart failure had received a dose of > 300mg/m2 anthracycline. With GDMT over 75% of the patients recovered. Care in the cardio-oncology clinic plays a key role in optimizing these clinical outcomes.

scholarly journals Physical activity and left ventricular trabeculation in the UK Biobank community-based cohort study

Heart ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 105 (13) ◽  
pp. 990-998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon P Woodbridge ◽  
Nay Aung ◽  
Jose M Paiva ◽  
Mihir M Sanghvi ◽  
Filip Zemrak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
General Population ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Average Acceleration

ObjectiveVigorous physical activity (PA) in highly trained athletes has been associated with heightened left ventricular (LV) trabeculation extent. It has therefore been hypothesised that LV trabeculation extent may participate in exercise-induced physiological cardiac remodelling. Our cross-sectional observational study aimed to ascertain whether there is a ‘dose–response’ relationship between PA and LV trabeculation extent and whether this could be identified at opposite PA extremes.MethodsIn a cohort of 1030 individuals from the community-based UK Biobank study (male/female ratio: 0.84, mean age: 61 years), PA was measured via total metabolic equivalent of task (MET) min/week and 7-day average acceleration, and trabeculation extent via maximal non-compaction/compaction ratio (NC/C) in long-axis images of cardiovascular magnetic resonance studies. The relationship between PA and NC/C was assessed by multivariate regression (adjusting for potential confounders) as well as between demographic, anthropometric and LV phenotypic parameters and NC/C.ResultsThere was no significant linear relationship between PA and NC/C (full adjustment, total MET-min/week: ß=−0.0008, 95% CI −0.039 to –0.037, p=0.97; 7-day average acceleration: ß=−0.047, 95% CI −0.110 to –0.115, p=0.13, per IQR increment in PA), or between extreme PA quintiles (full adjustment, total MET-min/week: ß=−0.026, 95% CI −0.146 to –0.094, p=0.67; 7-day average acceleration: ß=−0.129, 95% CI −0.299 to –0.040, p=0.49), across all adjustment levels. A negative relationship was identified between left ventricular ejection fraction and NC/C, significantly modified by PA (ß difference=−0.006, p=0.03).ConclusionsIn a community-based general population cohort, there was no relationship at, or between, extremes, between PA and NC/C, suggesting that at typical general population PA levels, trabeculation extent is not influenced by PA changes.

Association of Physical Activity and Prognostic Parameters in Elderly Patients With Heart Failure

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Jehn ◽  
Arno Schmidt-Trucksäss ◽  
Henner Hanssen ◽  
Tibor Schuster ◽  
Martin Halle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Nyha Class ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Functional Class ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽  
Patients With Heart Failure

Objective:Assessment of habitual physical activity (PA) in patients with heart failure.Methods:This study included 50 patients with heart failure (61.9 ± 4.0 yr). Seven days of PA were assessed by questionnaire (AQ), pedometer, and accelerometer and correlated with prognostic markers including VO2peak, percent left-ventricular ejection fraction, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, and New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class.Results:Accelerometry showed a stronger correlation with VO2peak and NYHA class (R = .73 and R = −.68; p < .001) than AQ (R = .58 and R = −.65; p < .001) or pedometer (R = .52 and R = −.50; p < .001). In the multivariable regression model accelerometry was the only consistent independent predictor of VO2peak (p = .002). Moreover, when its accuracy of prediction was tested, 59% of NYHA I and 95% of NYHA III patients were correctly classified into their assigned NYHA classes based on their accelerometer activity.Conclusion:PA assessed by accelerometer is significantly associated with exercise capacity in patients with heart failure and is predictive of disease severity. The data suggests that PA monitoring can aid in evaluating clinical status.

scholarly journals The Protective Effect of Qishen Granule on Heart Failure after Myocardial Infarction through Regulation of Calcium Homeostasis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Xiaomin Yang ◽  
Qiyan Wang ◽  
Zifan Zeng ◽  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Fang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Heart Function ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Model Group ◽  
Artery Ligation ◽  
Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽  
Calcium Calmodulin Dependent ◽  
Cardiac Functions ◽  
Dependent Protein

Qishen granule (QSG) is a frequently prescribed traditional Chinese medicine formula, which improves heart function in patients with heart failure (HF). However, the cardioprotective mechanisms of QSG have not been fully understood. The current study aimed to elucidate whether the effect of QSG is mediated by ameliorating cytoplasmic calcium (Ca2+) overload in cardiomyocytes. The HF rat model was induced by left anterior descending (LAD) artery ligation surgery. Rats were randomly divided into sham, model, QSG-low dosage (QSG-L) treatment, QSG-high dosage (QSG-H) treatment, and positive drug (diltiazem) treatment groups. 28 days after surgery, cardiac functions were assessed by echocardiography. Levels of norepinephrine (NE) and angiotensin II (AngII) in the plasma were evaluated. Expressions of critical proteins in the calcium signaling pathway, including cell membrane calcium channel CaV1.2, sarcoendoplasmic reticulum ATPase 2a (SERCA2a), calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II (CaMKII), and protein phosphatase calcineurin (CaN), were measured by Western blotting (WB) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Echocardiography showed that left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS) value significantly decreased in the model group compared to the sham group, and illustrating heart function was severely impaired. Furthermore, levels of NE and AngII in the plasma were dramatically increased. Expressions of CaV1.2, CaMKII, and CaN in the cardiomyocytes were upregulated, and expressions of SERCA2a were downregulated in the model group. After treatment with QSG, both EF and FS values were increased. QSG significantly reduced levels of NE and AngII in the plasma. In particular, QSG prevented cytoplasmic Ca2+ overload by downregulating expression of CaV1.2 and upregulating expression of SERCA2a. Meanwhile, expressions of CaMKII and CaN were inhibited by QSG treatment. In conclusion, QSG could effectively promote heart function in HF rats by restoring cardiac Ca2+ homeostasis. These findings revealed novel therapeutic mechanisms of QSG and provided potential targets in the treatment of HF.

Abstract 15519: The Prognostic Impact of Transcardiac Gradient of Follistatin-like 1 in Patients With Non-ischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideo Oishi ◽  
TAKAHIRO OKUMURA ◽  
Koji Ohashi ◽  
Yuki Kimura ◽  
Shingo Kazama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Prognostic Impact ◽  
Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽  
Median Plasma ◽  
Non Ischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽  
The Difference

Introduction: Follistatin-like 1 (FSTL1) is secreted from various tissues including myocardium and could play a cardioprotective role against harmful stimuli. It has been shown that the expression of FSTL1 protein in patients with heart failure is higher than that in healthy subjects. However, little is known about the association between serum FSTL1 levels and the cardiac prognosis. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that the transcardiac gradient of FSTL1 reflect myocardial FSTL1 and is useful for predicting prognosis in patients with non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NIDCM). Methods: Thirty-two NIDCM patients were enrolled. Blood samples were simultaneously collected from the aortic root (Ao), coronary sinus (CS) as well as peripheral vein during cardiac catheterization. The transcardiac gradient of FSTL1 was calculated by the difference between serum FSTL1 levels of CS and Ao (FSTL1 CS-Ao ). Patients were divided into two groups at the median of FSTL1 CS-Ao : Low FSTL1 CS-Ao group, <0 ng/mL; High- FSTL1 CS-Ao group, > 0 ng/mL. The primary endpoint of this study was the occurrence of a cardiac event, which was defined as a composite of cardiac deaths and unexpected hospitalizations for worsening heart failure. Results: The median plasma B type natriuretic levels and mean left ventricular ejection fraction in the Low and High FSTL1 CS-Ao groups were 91.9 (21.7 - 277.5) vs. 94.1 (59.1 - 236.5) pg/mL (P = 1.000) and 31.4 ± 6.5 vs. 30.5 ± 7.3 % (P = 0.714), respectively. FSTL1 CS-Ao was negatively correlated with pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (R = -0.400, P = 0.023), mean pulmonary artery pressure (R = -0.40, P = 0.023) and right atrial pressure (R = -0.41, P = 0.019). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that event-free survival rate was significantly lower in the Low FSTL1 CS-Ao group (p=0.0126). Conclusions: Transcardiac gradient of FSTL1 is associated with hemodynamics and low transcardiac gradient of FSTL1 might be associated with poor prognosis in NIDCM patients.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document