scholarly journals Isolation Identification and Characterization of Diterpenes from the Stem bark of Detarium Microcarpum

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Y Gera ◽  
E U Umeh ◽  
T A Tor-Anyiin ◽  
C C Iheukwumere
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Shigella Dysenteriae ◽  
Detarium Microcarpum ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Salmonella Enteriditis ◽  
Reported Data

The antibacterial activity of the stem bark of Detarium microcarpum was investigated with the aim of isolating the most active ingredient. Extraction solvents used to prepare the crude extracts of the stem bark were, n-hexane, ethyl acetate, chloroform, methanol. Test bacteria included Escherichia coli, Salmonella enteriditis, Shigella dysenteriae, Staphylococcus aureus and Vibro cholerae. The extracts demonstrated a wide range of antibacterial activity on the microorganisms, with the ethyl acetate crude extract being the most active. Using liquid vacuum chromatography over silica gel, the extract was eluted with n- hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol and fifty- five fractions labeled Gl - G55 were obtained. Further antibacterial assays of the fractions led to the identification of fraction G34 as the most active fraction. This fraction was subjected to spectroscopic analysis using NMR, [(1H -1H NMR, 13C-NMR) and 2D-NMR (COSY and HMBC)]. The results showed good agreement with reported data on Copalic acid, a diterpene with chemical formula C O H O . This compound is 2 34 2 the most active ingredients of this plant and is likely to be responsible for its antibacterial activities.

scholarly journals Antisickling and Antibacterial Activities of Anthocleista schweinfurthii Gilg. (Gentianaceae) from Non-human Primates Pharmacopoeia in Democratic Republic of the Congo

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
Samy Ngunde-te-Ngunde ◽  
Emmanuel Moke Lengbiye ◽  
Tshidibi Dipa Joseph ◽  
Kengo Velantia Franck ◽  
Ruphin D. Djolu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Republic Of The Congo ◽  
First Time

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the Chemical composition and bioactivity of Anthocleista schweinfurthii Gilg (Gentianaceae) fruits, leaves, root bark and stem bark extracts against Sickle cell disease (SCD) and associated bacteria. The antisickling and antibacterial activities were carried out using Emmel and micro-dilution methods respectively. The results revealed that the fruits, leaves, root bark and stem bark extracts  of A. schweinfurthii contains various secondary metabolites such as the alkaloids, saponins, total polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, anthocyanis, leuco-anthocyanins and quinones.  The ethyl acetate and methanol extracts displayed antisickling activity. While, the antibacterial activity of different plant extracts tested was weak toward tested bacterial strains (CMI ≥125μg/mL). The antibacterial activity can be improved by bio-guided fractionation of the n-hexane, ethyl acetate or methanol soluble fraction. This study provides for the first time a scientific basis for the in vitro antisickling activity of A. schweinfurthii.

scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OFMALACCA FRUIT (PHYLLANTUS EMBLICA L.)ETHANOLIC EXTRACT AND FRACTIONAGAINSTBACILLUS CEREUS FNCC0057 ANDSHIGELLA DYSENTERIAE ATCC13313

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Tiana Milanda ◽  
Arif Satria Wira Kusuma ◽  
Kuganesh Shanmuganathan
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Shigella Dysenteriae ◽  
Water Fraction ◽  
Dried Fruit

Diarrhea is a symptom of a disease, which is characterized by increased frequency of defecation (more than three times a day) with a more fluid of feces. In Ayurvedic medicine, the fruit of Malacca (Phyllanthus emblica L.) is often used as an antibacterial and antiviral against various infectious diseases. This study aims to determine:(i) the antibacterial  activities of ethanol extract and its fraction of Malacca fruit, and (ii) determine Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) against diarrhea-causing bacteria, such as Bacillus cereus FNCC0057 and Shigella dysenteriae ATCC13313. The study was  conducted through several processes: (i) the determination of the plant and  preparation dried fruit, (ii) extraction of dried fruit, fractionated extract, antibacterial activity test of ethanol extract and its fractions, (iii) determination MIC and MBC from the most active fractions and (iv) phytochemical screening of fraction. The results showed that ethanol extract, water fraction and ethyl acetate  fraction of Malacca fruit has antibacterial activities against B. cereus FNCC0057 and S. dysenteriae ATCC13313, where the greatest activity was shown by the fraction of ethyl acetate. This fraction has MIC and MBC values of 0.187 - 0.375% (w/v) and and 0.09375 - 0.1875% (w/v) against B. cereus FNCC0057 and S. dysenteriae ATCC13313. The antibacterial activity of this fraction was probably derived from alkaloid, flavonoid, tannin, quinone, saponin, monoterpene or sesquiterpene compounds. 

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Allium ascalonicum Linn Fractions A562275sal from the Palu Valley against Shigella dysenteriae

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Akhmad Khumaidi ◽  
Kumalahayati Maulina ◽  
Arsa Wahyu Nugrahani
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Shigella Dysenteriae ◽  
Hexane Fraction ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Antibacterial Material

Shallot (Allium ascalonicum Linn.) is one of the typical plants of Central Sulawesi which is used as traditional medicine such as to treat infectious diseases. This study aims to determine the fractions that have high activity from bulbs and leaves in inhibiting the growth of Shigella dysenteriae bacteria and determining the organic compounds that have antibacterial activities. Extraction was carried out by maceration method using ethanol 96% for both samples. Liquid-liquid fractionation was used as a fractionation method using hexane, ethyl acetate and water  solvents, sequenly. The antibacterial activity test used the diffusion method with the pile technique and TLC-bioautography. The results showed that ethyl acetate fraction gave the highest activity of bulbs samples, while in leaves samples ethyl acetate fraction and hexane fraction were able to provide good inhibitory activity. The organic compounds were identified by thin layer chromatography method. Flavonoids compounds have identified for bulbs samples (Rf 0.18). In the leaves samples, steroids compounds were identified in the ethyl acetate fraction (Rf 0.62) and terpenoid compounds (Rf 0.48) in the hexane fraction. Based on the result, the shallot is potentially be developed as an antibacterial material.

scholarly journals Isolation and Structure Elucidation of Soulatro Coumarin From Stem Bark of Calophyllum soulattri Burm F and In Vivo Antiplasmodial Activity by Using Mice Infected by Plasmodium berghei

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 242
Author(s):  
Jamilah Abbas ◽  
Achmad Darmawan ◽  
Syafruddin Syafruddin
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Silica Gel ◽  
Column Chromatography ◽  
Plasmodium Berghei ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Antiplasmodial Activity ◽  
Nmr Techniques ◽  
Coumarin Compound

The soulatro coumarin compound was isolated and elucidated from the stem bark of Calophyllum soulattri Burm F, the samples were collected from Jayapura Papua Irian Island in Indonesia. Isolation process was done by maceration at room temperature in methanol, than partitioned in a mixture of n hexane-water (1:1), followed by dichloromethane-water (1:1)  and ethyl acetate-water (1:1). A portion of ethyl acetate extract was subjected to column chromatography over silica gel packed and eluted with n-hexane a gradient of ethyl acetate to 100% followed by CHCl3  in MeOH (20:1, 10 :1, 5:1, 1:1). Fraction  B (CHCl3 in MeOH 20:1) was subjected to column chromatography  over silica gel 300 mesh  and eluted with EtOAc-MeOH mixtures of increasing polarity. Faction with the same Rf valeus were combined and eluted with EtOAc-MeOH  (19:1) showed one spot on TLC. They were combined and evaporated to yield a solid than was recrystallized in mixture of CH2Cl2-methanol to give soulatro coumarin compound. The structure was determinated by spectroscopic analysis, in particular by 1D and 2D NMR techniques, from these spectra data conclution that compound is soulatro coumarin. Antimalarial assay was tested against Plasmodium berghei parasite as in vivo using 18 mices rodent wich was infected by  Plasmodium berghei parasite. The soulatro coumarin  showed activity against P. berghei with dosage 0.0005867 mM/1 kg body weight ; 0.005867 mM/1 kg bw; 0.05867 mM/1 kg bw; 0.5867 mM/1 kg bw 5.867 mM/1 kg bw and 58.67 mM/1 kg bw could inhibite growth rate of parasite = 57.32%; 63.37%; 43.02%; 53.49%; 47.67% respectively.Keywords : Antiplasmodial activity, coumarin, Calophyllum soulattri Burm. F, in vivo, Chloroquine, Plasmodium berghei.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activities of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Mentha cordifolia Leaves and Their Volatile Constituents

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1601100
Author(s):  
Sakon Monggoot ◽  
Jariya Burawat ◽  
Patcharee Pripdeevech
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Phenyl Ethyl Alcohol ◽  
First Time

A total of 17 endophytic fungal isolates were obtained from the leaves of Mentha cordifolia Opiz (Lamiaceae). Seven isolates were identified to the level of genus by using taxonomically relevant morphological traits. Colletotrichum and Phomopsis species were dominant among these strains. All strains were separated from M. cordifolia leaf for the first time. The ethyl acetate extracts of all endophytic fungi were tested for antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhimurium TISTR1166 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa TISTR781. Most endophytes exhibited antibacterial activity. Ustilago sp. MFLUCC15-1024 presented the highest inhibition zone diameter with a MIC of 31.25 μg/mL against the tested pathogens. The chemical composition of the ethyl acetate extract of this strain was investigated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Twenty-one components were identified. 2-Phenylethanol (38.7%), E-ligustilide (12.4%), α-eudesmol (10.2%), β-vetivone (4.6%), β-ylangene (3.7%) and verbanol (3.4%) were the major components of the extract. The strong antibacterial activity of Ustilago sp. MFLUCC15-1024 ethyl acetate extract may be attributed to the presence of a high concentration of bioactive compounds including phenyl ethyl alcohol, E-ligustilide and α-eudesmol. The results indicate that there is high diversity of endophytic fungi in M. cordifolia leaf, and that Ustilago sp. MFLUCC15-1024 strain could be an excellent resource of natural antibacterial compounds.

scholarly journals Methylkarranjic acid and Pongamol from Derris indica Seeds and their Antibacterial Activity

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Abdullahil Baki ◽  
Golam Sadik ◽  
KAM Shahadat Hossain Mondal ◽  
M Ashilk Mosaddik ◽  
M Mukhlesur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Shigella Dysenteriae ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Nmr Data ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
Derris Indica

Two phenolic compounds, methylkarranjic (1) acid and pongamol (2), were isolated from the petroleum ether soluble fraction of an ethanolic extract of Derris indica seeds. The structures of these compounds were confirmed by LC-MS and a series of 1D and 2D NMR data. The solvent solvent partionates of the ethanolic extract and compounds (1 and 2) exhibited moderate antibacterial activity against several test organisms. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 1 and 2 were found to be in the range of 32-128 μg/ml against Bacillus megatorium, Streptococcus β-haemolyticus, Shigella dysenteriae and E. coli. Key words: Derris indica; Leguminosae; Methylkarranjic acid; Pongamol; Antibacterial activity Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. 6(1): 9-13, 2007 (June) The full text is of this article is available at the Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. website

A new ursane-type triterpene oxoglucopyranoside from Crossopteryx febrifuga

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 289-293
Author(s):  
Modjinan Kayangar ◽  
Raymond Ngansop Nono ◽  
Jonas Kühlborn ◽  
Roland Tchuenguem ◽  
Beaudelaire K. Ponou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Dioic Acid ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Mic Value

Abstract A new saponin, 3-O-β-d-3-oxo-glucopyranosyl-ursa-12,20(30)-diene-27,28-dioic acid (1), was isolated from the methanol extract of stem bark of Crossopteryx febrifuga together with the known 3β-d-glucopyranosyl-ursa-12,20(30)-diene-27,28-dioic acid (2), shanzhiside methyl ester (3), shanzhiside (4), β-sitosterol (5), β-sitosterol-3-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (6), ursa-12,20(30)-diene-27,28-dioic acid (7), hederagenin (8), and oleanolic acid (9). The structures were established by comprehensive interpretation of their spectral data 1D- (1H and 13C), 2D-NMR (1H-1H COSY, HMQC, HMBC), spectroscopic, and electrospray ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis. The isolated compounds and extracts were screened for their antibacterial properties. Although the EtOAc and n-BuOH extracts exhibited considerable antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 32 μg/mL, compounds 2 and 8 showed moderate activity against Enterococcus faecalis with MIC values of 256 and 128 μg/mL, respectively. The new compound (1) exhibited a moderate antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus with an MIC value of 512 μg/mL.

scholarly journals Four Flavan-3-ol Compounds From The Stembark of Chisocheton balansae C.DC. (MELIACEAE)

Molekul ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Unang Supratman ◽  
Mohamad Fajar ◽  
Supriatno Salam ◽  
Rani Maharani ◽  
Desi Harneti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
13C Nmr ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Spectroscopic Methods ◽  
Endemic Plants ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
First Time

Chisocheton balansae C.DC., is one of the Meliaceae family plants which is the endemic plants from Soputan Mountain, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. This study was aimed to determine the chemical structure of flavan-3-ol compounds from ethyl acetate extract of C. balansae C.DC stembark. Dried powder of C. balansae C.DC stem bark was extracted consecutively with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol solvents. Four flavan-3-ol compounds, named catechin (1), epicatechin (2), epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (3), and epicatechin-3-O-gallate (4) were successfully isolated from ethyl acetate extract. The chemical structure of these isolates was determined by spectroscopic methods (1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, DEPT, and 2D-NMR) and comparison with previous reported spectral data. These compounds are first time reported from this plant.

scholarly journals Screening of Antibacterial Activities of the Endophytic Fungi Isolated from the Leaves of Medinilla speciosa Blume

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Puteri Amelia ◽  
Rachma Ayunda ◽  
Saiful Bahri
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Shigella Dysenteriae ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis Atcc

Endophytes or endophytic fungi have been investigated as a store house of bioactive compound. This study was aimed to evaluate the potential antibacterial activity of endophytic fungi isolated from Medinilla speciosa Blume. The antibacterial test was determined by measuring the inhibition zone with disk-diffusion method. Twenty endophytes were isolated from the leaves of Medinilla speciosa Blume and identified morphologically. The results demonstrated that ten isolates showed variation in their antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, and Shigella dysenteriae ATCC 13313. Further investigation will be needed to explore and identify the bioactive molecules of the isolated endophytic fungi.

scholarly journals Isolation, characterization and biological properties of betulin from Entada africana Guill. and Perr. (Mimosaceae).

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kwaji ◽  
H. M. Adamu ◽  
I. Y. Chindo ◽  
R. Atiko
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Gradient Elution ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Pure Compound ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Isolated Compound

The present study is aimed at the isolation and characterization of betulin from Entada africana.  A dichloromethane soluble portion of the stem bark methanol/acetone (1:1 v/v) extract was subjected to gradient elution using ethyl acetate in hexane (5 – 30 %) on an open column. A pure compound was obtained with Rf = 0.61 in hexane/ethyl acetate (8:2 v/v) after repeated washing and recrystallization from methanol and coded Enac1. The pure compound was analyzed using IR, 1H & 13C NMR and GC-MS. Clinical isolates of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus were used to assess the antibacterial activity of the pure compound while its preliminary Cytotoxicity was evaluated using brine shrimp nauplii. Based on the spectroscopic data obtained and in comparison with literature, the isolated compound was identified as betulin. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of betulin ranged between 62.50 - 250.00 µg/mL for all the four bacterial isolates in the study while its fifty percent lethal concentration (LC50) was 10.00 µg/mL. Significant Cytotoxicity with moderate antibacterial activity was observed. The study therefore justifies the existence of bioactive compounds in the stem bark of Entada africana and its use in traditional medicine.

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