scholarly journals Poverty in Russia: economic and social implications

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (34) ◽  
pp. 261-281
Author(s):  
Zyukin Danil Alekseevich ◽  
Alexey Anatolievich Golovin ◽  
Ruslan Yakovlevich Vakulenko ◽  
Olga Vladimirovna Pigoreva ◽  
Elena Nikolaevna Nozdracheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Social Indicators ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Significant Differentiation ◽  
Education And Health

The purpose of the research is to analyze of poverty in Russia as the most important social problem of our time. The methodology of the study includes an assessment of the dynamics of socio-economic indicators in Russia in the period 2015-2020, as well as a comparison with European countries. It is shown that the problem of poverty is still one of the most pressing and urgent for modern Russia. Despite the outlined positive dynamics in the poverty level of the country's population in 2018-2019, there was a decline again in 2020, due to the deterioration of the socio-economic situation against the backdrop of the Coronavirus pandemic. As a result, the effectiveness of the earlier measures in the framework of social policy has practically disappeared, and the poverty level has practically reached 13%. The systemic lack of financial support for such critical sectors as education and health care has contributed to a series of cuts in order to save limited resources. A comparative analysis of the main socio-economic indicators in Russia and European countries made it possible to reveal the presence of significant differentiation, since Russia occupies the last positions among the compared countries in terms of basic social indicators.

Advance Health Care Directives: Towards a Coordinated European Policy?

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Andorno ◽  
Susanne Brauer ◽  
Nikola Biller-Andorno
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Advance Directives ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
European Countries ◽  
European Policy ◽  
European Context ◽  
Article 9 ◽  
Advance Health Care Directives

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to compare the different existing approaches to advance health care directives within the European context, and to explore the possibility of reaching a deeper consensus among countries on this subject. To this end, it first discusses the shortcomings of Article 9 of the Council of Europe's Biomedicine Convention. Second, it offers a comparative analysis of the legal status of advance directives in a number of European countries. Finally, it presents the conclusions of an international interdisciplinary workshop focused on this topic that was held in Zurich in June 2008.

scholarly journals Social measures, financial support to maintain, increase population in some European countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Kinga Emese Zsido
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Social Effects ◽  
European Level ◽  
Reasonable Time ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Long Time

AbstractThe evolution of the number of the population in many countries, even at European level, gives signs of concern, of which we should be aware: the significant decrease of the population, the negative changes in its structure can have negative and drastic economic and social effects if the governments do not intervene reasonable time. The implementation of measures must be well thought out, with the possibility of financial support and maintained for a long time, so that the expected effects appear. In Europe, some governments (especially in Eastern Europe) have already assumed this responsibility, implemented a series of measures to keep the youth in the country, to increase the number of children, with the purpose of increasing the population and balancing its structure. The paper presents a comparative analysis of the measures implemented by three European countries (Poland, Romania and Hungary) in order to increase the population in the following decades.

scholarly journals Results of a comparative analysis of the dynamics of healthcare expenditure from the GDP of countries, cash payments from families and state expenditures on healthcare in Ukraine, Poland and in the WHO European countries

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Hanna Panfilova ◽  
Anzhela Olkhovska ◽  
Lyubov Boboshko ◽  
Gennadii Iurchenko ◽  
Maksym Bandura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Government Spending ◽  
Health Spending ◽  
The State ◽  
European Countries ◽  
European Region ◽  
Public Expenditures ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
Out Of Pocket Expenses

The aim: to conduct a comparative analysis of the dynamics of health expenditures from GDP, cash expenditures of families and public expenditures on health in Ukraine, Poland and the countries of the WHO European Region. Materials and methods. The object of the research was the data of the WHO European Office. Historical, analytical-comparative, systemic, logical, graphic, mathematical-statistical and other research methods were used. Research results. It was found that all indicators of the analysis in Ukraine had an unstable character of changes in the years dynamics. Since 1995, Poland and European countries have seen a systematic increase in total health spending (%) of the country's GDP. The indicator of out-of-pocket expenses of families on medical and pharmaceutical support in Ukraine was significantly higher than in Poland and European countries, and its average values ​​in Ukraine were 1.5 times higher than in Poland. In 2014, this indicator reached its maximum (46.2 %) against the background of an increase in government spending (%) of total health spending (from 11.9 % to 12.7 %). In 2014, this indicator exceeded similar values ​​in Poland by 2.0 times and 1.7 times in European countries. In contrast, in Poland, the out-of-pocket expenses of families on medical and pharmaceutical support have been steadily decreasing from 30.0 % to 22.1 %, and since 2010 they have been lower than in European countries. According to government spending as a percentage of total health spending in Europe and Poland, there was a trend towards a gradual increase from 11.0 % to 13.2 % (European countries) and from 8.2 % to 10.7 % (Poland). The corresponding Ukrainian data were higher than in Poland and lower than in European countries (from 10.8 % to 11.4 %). Against the background of the unstable nature of the dynamics of changes in indicators characterizing the participation of the state in financing health care in Ukraine, since 2005, there has been an increase in the cash expenditures of Ukrainian families for relevant needs. As a result of systemic transformations in Poland, on the threshold of its accession to the EU (May 1, 2004), since 2005, there has been a decrease in the out-of-pocket expenditures of families against the background of a slight increase in % of public spending on health care. Conclusions. The unstable nature of the dynamics of changes in domestic indicators, in comparison with similar data that was observed in Poland and the countries of the WHO European Region, suggests the need to introduce more decisive actions, which should lead to a reformatting of the role of the state in financing the health system

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RUSSIAN MENTALITY AND THAT OF THE NATIONS WITH PRONOUNCED INDICATORS OF DEVELOPMENT ACCELERATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 110-121
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Sukharev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Social Indicators ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Social Orientation ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
Current State ◽  
Accelerated Growth ◽  
High Level

The paper shows that comparative analysis of Russian mentality development relevancy is due to the decline in indicators of social orientation of state policy and quality of public administration at the end of 20th – beginning of 21th century and in living standards, etc. The development and current state of Russian, Chinese and Latin American mentalities viewed from the standpoint of transdisciplinary ethno-functional analysis was compared with the aim to identify possible connection of this development with accelerated growth of various socio-economic indicators of the regions under study. The results of this comparative analysis of the above mentioned collective subjects development allowed assuming that the growth of their various socio-economic indicators is determined by the high level of self-reflection of ethno-integrating components of archaic, pre-modern and modern elements. The analysis of Russian mentality historic genesis detected the suppression — and in modern times — the low level of ethno-integration of the archaic component. It allows concluding that the decline in social indicators of Russia's development in the late 20th – early 21th centuries results from the insufficient integration of this component in the Russian mentality. It also makes for arguing that suppressing of the ethno-integrating archaic component in terms of Russian mentality genesis may act as a psychological condition for the formation of the mobilization type of development of Russia in general.

scholarly journals ON DIFFERENTIATION OF HEALTHCARE BUDGET FINANCING OF THE CENTRAL FEDERAL DISTRICT REGIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (34) ◽  
Author(s):  
E.V REPRINTSEVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Healthcare Industry ◽  
Healthcare Budget ◽  
Significant Differentiation ◽  
Central Federal District ◽  
The Russian Federation

The issue of financial support for the healthcare industry today is one of the most urgent and complex, which is caused by the peculiarities of the healthcare system. The existing model of financial support for the industry is recognized as imperfect and requires modernization. However, improving the financial provision of health care faces a number of challenges at every stage from accumulation to targeted use of funds. As a result, the amount of healthcare funding in Russia is one of the lowest in comparison with developed countries, which have a high level of medical development, and has a significant differentiation. In the course of the study, a comparative analysis of the volume of budget financing of health care in the regions of the Central Federal district was carried out, and current trends and their causes were identified. It is established that at present there is a significant differentiation in the level of budget financing of the healthcare industry, which is also accompanied by a reduction in the volume of incoming financial resources in most regions. At the same time, the largest amount of budget expenditures falls on Moscow - 183.7 billion rubles, which is 53.4% of the total amount of healthcare funding in the Central Federal district and 19.3% in the Russian Federation as a whole. The second place is taken by the Moscow region, whose share in the total volume of industry financing in the Central Federal district in 2018 was 23.2%, and in the Russian Federation - 8.4%. Thus, the capital region accounts for about 76.6% of the total budget expenditures on healthcare in the Central Federal district.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF LEBANON DEVELOPMENT. PROSPECTS FOR COOPERATION WITH THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-218
Author(s):  
M.A.E. El Moussawi ◽  
Zh. V. Mironenkova ◽  
S. Z. Umarov ◽  
O. I. Knysh ◽  
O. D. Nemyatykh
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Social Indicators ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Economic And Social Indicators ◽  
Care System

The objective of the research was to conduct a comparative analysis of the development of Lebanon based on a number of demographic, economic and social indicators characterizing the health care of Lebanon, and to determine the prospects for the cooperation with the Russian Federation (RF) in the pharmacy field.Materials and methods. The studies were conducted from 2009 to 2016. The objects were the statistical data accumulated on the basis of the data from national institutions and international organizations. These data were published annually in the reports of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs, the United Nations Population Division for 11 countries in the Middle East: Bahrain, Jordan, Yemen, Kuwait, Lebanon, United Arab Emirates, Oman, Saudi Arabia (Asian countries); Egypt, Sudan, Tunisia (North African countries). The research methods were: a comparative analysis, analytical grouping of data, ranking.Results. A comparative analysis of demographic, economic and social indicators revealed that low mortality rates and high life expectancy in Lebanon were achieved both due to a satisfactory level of health care financing (Rank 5) and due to the adoption of adequate decisions in organizing and managing the Lebanese health care system. The positive trends that were inherent in the Lebanese health care system in previous decades continued to operate within the framework of earlier inertia, while migration flows intensified. However, there has been a slowdown in the decline in infant mortality in the dynamics of growth rates, which is a signal of the emergence of negative processes in the social sphere of the country.Conclusion. The current situation in the Lebanese health care system, associated with limited financial resources, poses new challenges in the search for managerial decisions in the field of organizational management. The import of drugs from the Russian Federation will provide a significant reduction in the financial costs of providing the population of Lebanon and migrants with medicines which will increase the monetary costs of providing medical care. 

Registers of Healthcare Systems of Northen European Countries

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-37
Author(s):  
M. V. PUHACHOVA ◽  
О. М. GLADUN
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Information Resources ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Electronic Information ◽  
Northern European ◽  
Electronic Information Resources

The introduction of electronic register systems for all spheres of state functioning is becoming more widespread in developed countries. It is the systems, not individual registers, that create the conditions for the comprehensive and effective use of available information in the field of state and local government, research, business planning, and so on. In our opinion, health care registries are the most important among other systems, so it is important to study the experience of the most developed countries in the field of creating electronic medical information resources. The use of the experience gained by advanced European countries in this area is especially useful for Ukraine, where such a system is being developed. The purpose of the article is to summarize the experience of Northern European countries in the use of electronic information resources of health care for its implementation in Ukraine. The novelty of the article is a generalized and comparative analysis of health registry systems in Denmark, Norway, the Netherlands, Estonia, Sweden, Finland and a study of the role of medical, statistical and scientific institutions in the development of these systems. The research methodology is based on the application of the following methods: system analysis, scientific generalization, comparative analysis, research methods of complex systems. The article examines the health care systems of six northern European countries, compares the composition and features of these systems. The focus is on electronic information resources, which are introduced only in some countries. It is established that the Danish and Norwegian systems are the most branched among the systems of other studied countries and contain not only a larger number of specialized registers, but also have the largest number of organizations that maintain these registers. The holders of registers and databases in different countries are not only the relevant ministries but also research institutes and universities. In addition, statistical authorities also create registers that are used for society’s statistical information needs. The study thus summarizes the experience of creating and operating electronic information resources in the field of health care in Northern European countries, concludes that it can be used in the implementation of a similar Ukrainian, the process of which began several years ago.

A Typology of Caregiving Situations and Service Use in Family Carers of Older People in Six European Countries

GeroPsych ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirko Di Rosa ◽  
Christopher Kofahl ◽  
Kevin McKee ◽  
Barbara Bień ◽  
Giovanni Lamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Older People ◽  
Support Services ◽  
Family Caregiving ◽  
Service Use ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Family Carers ◽  
Policy Initiatives ◽  
Typology Of Care

This paper presents the EUROFAMCARE study findings, examining a typology of care situations for family carers of older people, and the interplay of carers with social and health services. Despite the complexity of family caregiving situations across Europe, our analyses determined the existence of seven “caregiving situations,” varying on a range of critical indicators. Our study also describes the availability and use of different support services for carers and care receivers, and carers’ preferences for the characteristics of support services. Our findings have relevance for policy initiatives in Europe, where limited resources need to be more equitably distributed and services should be targeted to caregiving situations reflecting the greatest need, and organized to reflect the preferences of family carers.

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