scholarly journals Effects of Short Term Omega-3 Supplementation on Body Composition, Food Intake, and Lipid Profile in Elite Athletes: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial.

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Clinical Trial Registration ◽  
Global Physical Activity Questionnaire

Abstract Previous studies consistently showed a key role for omega-3 fatty acids in decreasing fat mass (FM) in animal models. Also, increased omega-3 stimulates fat loss in individuals who experience obesity, diabetes and metabolic syndrome. However, it is not known whether omega-3 supplementation make similar effects in healthy individuals with low FM. This study aimed to investigate the effects of omega-3 on changes in body composition, food intake, and lipid profile in healthy athletes. In this double-blind placebo-controlled RCT, 36 healthy athletes were allocated into omega-3 or placebo groups. Physical activity (global physical activity questionnaire), dietary intake (24-h food recall), anthropometric status, and lipid profile were measured at baseline and after 3-weeks. 35 volunteers completed the trial. The weight did not significantly change at the end of the study. Body fat% decreased significantly at the end of the study in the omega-3 group (p=0.003), but intergroup differences were not significant (p=0.77). FM decreased and fat free mass (FFM) increased in omega-3 groups (p<0.05). HDL-C increased (omega-3 group p=0.001; placebo group p=0.01; after adjustment for baseline values p=0.78). Also, in the omega-3 group, energy intake (p=0.0007) and protein intake (p=0.04) increased after intervention, but after baseline adjustments they were not significant. In conclusion, 3-week omega-3 supplementation seems to be not effective in decreased FM, increased HDL-C, and energy and protein intakes in athletes. Further studies are recommended to determine the effect of different doses of omega-3 on adipose tissue and blood lipids in athletes with low FM. Clinical Trial Registration The present study was prospectively registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Studies on December 19, 2019 (ID: 20190625044008N1).

scholarly journals Effects of Short Term Omega-3 Supplementation on Body Composition, Food Intake, and Lipid Profile in Elite Athletes: A Double-blind Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Moradi ◽  
Mohamadreza Alivand ◽  
Yaser Khaje-Bishak ◽  
Mohamad Asghari-Jafarabadi ◽  
Maedeh Alipour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Anthropometric Measures

Abstract Background and Aims: animal studies consistently showed a key role for omega-3s in decreasing fat mass (FM). Also, previous studies have shown that increased omega-3 stimulates fat loss in individuals who experience obesity, diabetes and metabolic syndrome. However, it is not known whether omega-3 supplementation make similar effects in healthy individuals with low FM. This study aimed to investigate the effects of omega-3 on changes in body composition, food intake, and lipid profile in healthy athletes.Methods: 36 healthy men were allocated into either the supplement or the placebo group. Dietary intake assessed by the 24-hour food recall, before and after the intervention. Anthropometric measures, blood pressure, and lipid profile were measured at baseline and after 3-weeks.Results: The weight did not significantly change at the end of the study. Body fat percent decreased significantly at the end of the study in the omega-3 group (p= 0.003), but intergroup differences were not significant. FM decreased but fat free mass (FFM) increased in omega-3 groups (p<0.05). In Lipid profile indices just HDL-C increased (for omega-3 group p=0.001; for placebo group p=0.01; after adjustments p=0.78). Also, in the omega-3 group, energy intake (p=0.0007) and protein intake (p=0.04) after intervention increased, but after baseline adjustments they were not significant.Conclusion: 3-week omega-3 supplementation seems to be not effective in decreased FM, and increased HDL-C, and energy and protein intake in elite athletes. Further studies are recommended to determine the effect of different doses of omega-3 on adipose tissue in athletes with low FM.Clinical Trial Registration The present study was prospectively registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Studies on December 19, 2019 (ID: 20190625044008N1). https://en.irct.ir/trial/43332.

scholarly journals Raloxifene and body composition and muscle strength in postmenopausal women: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

2010 ◽  
Vol 162 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Didy E Jacobsen ◽  
Monique M Samson ◽  
Marielle H Emmelot-Vonk ◽  
Harald J J Verhaar
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Group Versus ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo

ObjectiveTo compare the effects of raloxifene and placebo on body composition and muscle strength.DesignRandomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving 198 healthy women aged 70 years or older conducted between July 2003 and January 2008 at the University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands.MethodsParticipants were randomly assigned to receive raloxifene 60 mg or placebo daily for 12 months. Measurements were taken at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months, and change from baseline was calculated. Main outcome measures were body composition (bioelectrical impedance analysis), muscle strength, and muscle power (maximum voluntary isometric knee extension strength, explosive leg extensor power, and handgrip strength).ResultsAt 12 months, the body composition of women taking raloxifene was significantly different from that of women taking placebo: fat-free mass (FFM) had increased by a mean of 0.83 (2.4) kg in the raloxifene group versus 0.03 (1.5) kg in the placebo group (P=0.05), and total body water had increased by a mean of 0.6 (1.8) litres in the raloxifene group versus a decrease of 0.06 (1.1) litres in the placebo group (P=0.02). Muscle strength and power were not significantly different.ConclusionRaloxifene significantly changed body composition (increased FFM; increased water content) compared with placebo in postmenopausal women.

scholarly journals Association between Body Composition, Physical Activity, Food Intake and Bone Status in German Children and Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (19) ◽  
pp. 7294
Author(s):  
Juliane Heydenreich ◽  
Antje Schweter ◽  
Petra Lührmann
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Bone Mass ◽  
School Children ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Bone Status

Achieving a high bone mass during childhood and adolescence is important for the prevention of osteoporosis in later life. Herein, the purpose was to assess the relationship of various lifestyle factors and bone outcomes in school children. In 248 girls (13.4 ± 1.9 years, BMI: 20.2 ± 4.8 kg m−2) and 231 boys (13.6 ± 1.7 years, BMI: 19.3 ± 3.3 kg m−2), bone mass (stiffness index, SI; calcaneal quantitative ultrasonometry), body composition (bioelectrical impedance analysis), food intake (food frequency questionnaire), and physical activity level (PAL; standardized questionnaire) were assessed. The individual food intake of eight food groups was related to the German recommendations (Bone Healthy Eating Index, BoneHEI; 0–100 points). Relationships between SI and lifestyle factors (Spearman´s rank correlation) and the influence of the factors on the variance of SI (multiple linear regression) were tested (α = 0.05). SI correlated with age, BMI, absolute fat-free mass, relative fat mass, PAL, and puberty category score in both girls and boys (r = 0.18–0.56, p < 0.01), but not with BoneHEI (p > 0.05). Age, absolute fat-free mass, sex, and PAL explained 35% of the variance of SI (p < 0.0001): SI = −0.60 + 2.97∙age (years) + 0.65∙fat-free mass (kg) + 6.21∙sex (0 = male, 1 = female) + 17.55∙PAL. Besides age and sex, PAL and fat-free mass are important factors relating to bone health. School children should perform regular physical activity to improve their bone status.

scholarly journals The Impact of Formulation on Lutein, Zeaxanthin, and meso-Zeaxanthin Bioavailability: A Randomised Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 767
Author(s):  
Marina Green-Gomez ◽  
Alfonso Prado-Cabrero ◽  
Rachel Moran ◽  
Tommy Power ◽  
Laura G. Gómez-Mascaraque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Clinical Trial Registration ◽  
Technology Advancement ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Serum Carotenoids ◽  
The Impact

Lutein (L), zeaxanthin (Z), and meso-zeaxanthin (MZ) have been the focus of research and commercial interest for their applications in human health. Research into formulations to enhance their bioavailability is merited. This 6 month randomised placebo-controlled trial involving 81 healthy volunteers compared the bioavailability of different formulations of free L, Z, and MZ in sunflower or omega-3 oil versus L, Z, and MZ diacetates (Ld, Zd, and MZd) in a micromicellar formulation. Fasting serum carotenoids, macular pigment, and skin carotenoid score were analysed at baseline and 6 months. Serum L, Z, and MZ concentrations increased in all active interventions compared to placebo (p < 0.001 to p = 0.008). The diacetate micromicelle formulation exhibited a significantly higher mean response in serum concentrations of Z and MZ compared to the other active interventions (p = 0.002 to 0.019). A micromicellar formulation with solubilised Z and MZ diacetates is a promising technology advancement that enhances the bioavailability of these carotenoids when compared to traditional carotenoid formulations (ISRCTN clinical trial registration number: ISRCTN18206561).

scholarly journals Height Trajectory During Early Childhood Is Inversely Associated with Fat Mass in Later Childhood in Mexican Boys

2019 ◽  
Vol 149 (11) ◽  
pp. 2011-2019
Author(s):  
Pamela L Barrios ◽  
Raquel Garcia-Feregrino ◽  
Juan A Rivera ◽  
Albino Barraza-Villarreal ◽  
Leticia Hernández-Cadena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Late Childhood ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Clinical Trial Registration

ABSTRACT Background Childhood obesity continues to be a global health problem. Previous research suggests that linear growth retardation or stunting during early childhood increases the risk of obesity, but others have reported that rapid linear growth poses a greater concern than early nutritional status. Objective The objective of this study was to determine if growth trajectories are associated with body composition at age 8–10 y. Methods Study participants consisted of 255 girls and 281 boys who participated in a follow-up of the Prenatal Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation and Child Growth and Development (POSGRAD) Study. Sex-specific latent height class (LHC) trajectories were derived from 11 measures of height from birth to 5 y of age and used to calculate 3 distinct growth classes for boys (low, intermediate, and high) and 2 distinct classes for girls (low and high). Body composition at age 8–10 y was estimated using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Multivariable linear regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between growth trajectory classes and fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) in late childhood, controlling for confounding factors. Results In girls, there were no significant associations between LHC and FM or FFM. In boys, relative to the intermediate LHC, the low LHC had higher FM (β = 0.69 kg; 95% CI: 0.26−1.11 kg) and the high LHC had lower FM (β = −0.40 kg; 95% CI: −0.76 to −0.05 kg). Boys in the low LHC had significantly less FFM (β = −0.69 kg; 95% CI: −1.11 to −0.26 kg), and boys in the high LHC had more FFM (β = 0.40 kg; 95% CI: 0.05−0.76 kg) compared with the intermediate LHC. Conclusion Gain in height among boys, but not girls, in early childhood was associated with lower adiposity in late childhood compared with children with a slower rate of growth. Clinical trial registration number: NCT00646360

scholarly journals Intrauterine lidocaine and naproxen for analgesia during intrauterine device insertion: randomized controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shana M. Miles ◽  
Katerina Shvartsman ◽  
Susan Dunlow
Keyword(s):  
Pain Assessment ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intrauterine Device ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Clinical Trial Registration ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Post Procedure ◽  
Treatment Medication

Abstract Background This study evaluates oral naproxen and intrauterine instillation of lidocaine for analgesia with intrauterine device (IUD) placement as compared to placebo. Methods This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Patients desiring levonorgestrel 52 mg IUD or Copper T380A IUD were randomized into treatment groups. Patients received either oral naproxen 375 mg or placebo approximately 1 h prior to procedure in conjunction with 5 mL of 2% lidocaine or 5 mL of intrauterine saline. The primary outcome was pain with IUD insertion measured on a visual analog scale immediately following the procedure. Prespecified secondary outcomes included physician pain assessment, post procedure analgesia, satisfaction with procedure, satisfaction with IUD, and pain assessment related to IUD type. Results From June 4, 2014 to October 28, 2016 a total of 160 women desiring Copper T380A or levonorgestrel 52 mg intrauterine device insertion and meeting study criteria were enrolled and randomized in the study. Of these, 157 (78 in the Copper T380A arm, 79 in the levonorgestrel 52 mg) received study treatment medication. There were 39 in naproxen/lidocaine arm, 39 in placebo/lidocaine arm, 40 in naproxen/placebo arm, and 39 in placebo/placebo arm. There were no differences in the mean pain scores for IUD placement between treatment groups (naproxen/lidocaine 3.38 ± 2.49; lidocaine only 2.87 ± 2.13; naproxen only 3.09 ± 2.18; placebo 3.62 ± 2.45). There was no difference in self-medication post procedure or in satisfaction with the procedure and IUD among women in the treatment arms or by type of IUD. Conclusion Naproxen with or without intrauterine lidocaine does not reduce pain with IUD placement. Clinical trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02769247. Registered May 11, 2016, Retrospectively registered

scholarly journals Differential Effects of DHA- and EPA-Rich Oils on Sleep in Healthy Young Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 248
Author(s):  
Michael J. Patan ◽  
David O. Kennedy ◽  
Cathrine Husberg ◽  
Svein Olaf Hustvedt ◽  
Philip C. Calder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Sleep Efficiency ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Differential Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Time In Bed ◽  
Oily Fish

Emerging evidence suggests that adequate intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), which include docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), might be associated with better sleep quality. N-3 PUFAs, which must be acquired from dietary sources, are typically consumed at suboptimal levels in Western diets. Therefore, the current placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized trial, investigated the effects of an oil rich in either DHA or EPA on sleep quality in healthy adults who habitually consumed low amounts of oily fish. Eighty-four participants aged 25–49 years completed the 26-week intervention trial. Compared to placebo, improvements in actigraphy sleep efficiency (p = 0.030) and latency (p = 0.026) were observed following the DHA-rich oil. However, these participants also reported feeling less energetic compared to the placebo (p = 0.041), and less rested (p = 0.017), and there was a trend towards feeling less ready to perform (p = 0.075) than those given EPA-rich oil. A trend towards improved sleep efficiency was identified in the EPA-rich group compared to placebo (p = 0.087), along with a significant decrease in both total time in bed (p = 0.032) and total sleep time (p = 0.019) compared to the DHA-rich oil. No significant effects of either treatment were identified for urinary excretion of the major melatonin metabolite 6-sulfatoxymelatonin. This study was the first to demonstrate some positive effects of dietary supplementation with n-3 PUFAs in healthy adult normal sleepers, and provides novel evidence showing the differential effects of n-3 PUFA supplements rich in either DHA or EPA. Further investigation into the mechanisms underpinning these observations including the effects of n-3 PUFAs on sleep architecture are required.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document