Análisis de la competitividad de emprendimientos en comunidades rurales de Yucatán emanados de programas sociales. El caso de comunidades diferentes.

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-64
Author(s):  
Ismael Che Poot
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Mexican Population ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
Family Development ◽  
Education Services ◽  
National System ◽  
Employment Education ◽  
The Government ◽  
Develop Program

Resumen La población Yucatán al año 2015, fue de 2’097,175 habitantes, con el 16% de sus moradores dentro del área rural . La población rural yucateca forma parte población mexicana que vive donde, dos de cada tres habitantes se encuentra en la pobreza, misma que se acentúa con las desigualdades en los aspectos socioeconómicos como: empleo, educación, servicios, etc, situación que propició que el gobierno del estado de Yucatán, a través del Sistema Nacional para el Desarrollo Integral de la Familia (DIF) pusiera en acción el Programa de Desarrollo Comunitario “Comunidad DIFerente" (SEGOB, 2016), acudiendo a emprendimientos productivos comunitarios, que permitieran generar el desarrollo Empresarial, dentro del área rural, lo que motivó esta investigación dentro del giro de la panadería, después de cuatro años de puesta en marcha del programa para conocer resultados de dichos emprendimientos, éxitos, fracasos, avance, causas, efectos. Palabras claveComunitario, desarrollo, diagnóstico, panadería, rural.AbstractYucatan’s population, until 2015 consisted of 2’097,175 inhabitants, with 16% of its dwellers found in rural areas. The rural population of Yucatan makes up part of the Mexican population where two out of three inhabitants are found and live in extreme poverty, this is further aggravated by inequalities in socio-economic aspects such as; employment, education, services etc, this situation led the government of the State of Yucatan, through National System for Integral Family Development (DIF) to put in motion the Community Develop Program “Community Program of Development (Comunidad DIFerente SEGOB, 2016), resorting to productive community entrepreneurships that will allow the development of Entrepreneurial development, within rural areas that led to this investigation which is focused on bakeries, four years after the program was launched to know the results of these entrepreneurships, their success failures advances, causes, effects. KeywordsCommunitary, development, diagnostic, bakery, rural.  

Bringing the Internet to the Rural Area

2013 ◽  
pp. 438-460
Author(s):  
Zulkefli bin Ibrahim ◽  
Ainin Sulaiman ◽  
Tengku M. Faziharudean
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Urban Community ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The Government ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Malaysia aims to be an information society by the year 2020 can only be achieved if the mass population, that include those who live in the rural area, has the access to use the ICT. This is due to the uneven distribution of the basic telecommunication infostructure between the urban and rural areas in Malaysia that left the rural area to be at the disadvantage to access the ICT. Meanwhile, there are many programs that have been implemented by the government to encourage the rural population to use the Internet, such as ‘Kedaikom’, a community based telecenter serving the rural population. A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate how ‘Kedaikom’ as a community based telecenter could assist in diffusing the usage of the ICT to the rural population. The result from the survey has indicated that the community telecenter could be used to bridge the digital divide between the underserved rural community and the well-accessed urban community. More of the rural population, especially from the younger generation and those with higher education background (irrespective of age) are using the community telecenter to be connected to the Internet.

Health, Malaria Campaigns, and Development in Brazil

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilberto Hochman
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Social Assistance ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Malaria Eradication ◽  
The Government ◽  
The One

Since the early 20th century, Brazilian public health has focused on rural areas, the people living there, and the so-called endemic rural diseases that plague them. These diseases—particularly malaria, hookworm, and Chagas disease—were blamed for negatively affecting Brazilian identity (“a vast hospital”) and for impeding territorial integration and national progress. For reformist medical and intellectual elites, health and educational public policies could “save” the diseased, starving, and illiterate rural populations and also ensure Brazil’s entry into the “civilized world.” In the mid-20th century, public health once again secured a place on the Brazilian political agenda, which was associated with the intense debates about development in Brazil in conjunction with democratization following World War II (1945–1964). In particular, debate centered on the paths to be followed (state or market; nationalization or internationalization) and on the obstacles to overcoming underdevelopment. A basic consensus emerged that development was urgent and should be pursued through modernization and industrialization. In 1945, Brazil remained an agrarian country, with 70 percent of the rural population and a significant part of the economy still dependent on agricultural production. However, associated with urbanization, beginning in the 1930s, the Brazilian government implemented policies aimed at industrialization and the social protection of organized urban workers, with the latter entailing a stratified system of social security and health and social assistance. Public health policies and professionals continued to address the rural population, which had been excluded from social protection laws. The political and social exclusion of this population did not change significantly under the Oligarchic Republic (1889–1930) or during Getúlio Vargas’s first period in office (1930–1945). The overall challenge remained similar to the one confronting the government at the beginning of the century—but it now fell under the umbrella of developmentalism, both as an ideology and as a modernization program. Economic development was perceived, on the one hand, as driving improvements in living conditions and income in the rural areas. This entailed stopping migration to large urban centers, which was considered one of the great national problems in the 1950s. On the other hand, disease control and even campaigns to eradicate “endemic rural diseases” aimed to facilitate the incorporation of sanitized areas in agricultural modernization projects and to support the building of infrastructure for development. Development also aimed to transform the inhabitants of rural Brazil into agricultural workers or small farmers. During the Cold War and the anti-Communism campaign, the government sought to mitigate the revolutionary potential of the Brazilian countryside through social assistance and public health programs. Health constituted an important part of the development project and was integrated into Brazil’s international health and international relations policies. In the Juscelino Kubitschek administration (1956–1961) a national program to control endemic rural diseases was created as part of a broader development project, including national integration efforts and the construction of a new federal capital in central Brazil (Brasilia). The country waged its malaria control campaign in conjunction with the Global Malaria Eradication Program of the World Health Organization (WHO) and, to receive financial resources, an agreement was signed with the International Cooperation Agency (ICA). In 1957 malaria eradication became part of US foreign policy aimed at containing Communism. The Malaria Eradication Campaign (CEM, 1958–1970) marked the largest endeavor undertaken by Brazilian public health in this period and can be considered a synthesis of this linkage between development and health. Given its centralized, vertical, and technobureaucratic model, this project failed to take into account structural obstacles to development, a fact denounced by progressive doctors and intellectuals. Despite national and international efforts and advances in terms of decreasing number of cases and a decline in morbidity and mortality since the 1990s, malaria remains a major public health problem in the Amazon region.

scholarly journals The Dynamics of Savings Mobilisation in Lesotho

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 92-108
Author(s):  
Bongile Simelane ◽  
Nicholas M. Odhiambo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Savings Rate ◽  
The Government ◽  
Improve Access

Abstract This paper provides a conceptual analysis of the dynamics of savings in Lesotho for the period 1960 to 2017. The study is motivated by the low and sometimes negative savings rate and the declining level of economic growth prevailing in Lesotho during the period from 1960 to 2017. The study analyses the behaviour of savings in Lesotho, using the savings trends for the country ever since it obtained independence in 1966. The study further examines the policies that the government of Lesotho has implemented in order to promote savings in the country. The government adopted a policy on rural savings and credit schemes as a means of promoting savings in Lesotho. The purpose of the policy is to improve access to credit for the rural population. The study has identified some challenges that impede savings mobilization in Lesotho. The major savings challenge in Lesotho is the lack of banking facilities in rural areas.

Bringing the Internet to the Rural Area

2010 ◽  
pp. 19-41
Author(s):  
Zulkefli bin Ibrahim ◽  
Ainin Sulaiman ◽  
Tengku M. Faziharudean
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Urban Community ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The Government ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Malaysia aims to be an information society by the year 2020 can only be achieved if the mass population, that include those who live in the rural area, has the access to use the ICT. This is due to the uneven distribution of the basic telecommunication infostructure between the urban and rural areas in Malaysia that left the rural area to be at the disadvantage to access the ICT. Meanwhile, there are many programs that have been implemented by the government to encourage the rural population to use the Internet, such as ‘Kedaikom’, a community based telecenter serving the rural population. A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate how ‘Kedaikom’ as a community based telecenter could assist in diffusing the usage of the ICT to the rural population. The result from the survey has indicated that the community telecenter could be used to bridge the digital divide between the underserved rural community and the well-accessed urban community. More of the rural population, especially from the younger generation and those with higher education background (irrespective of age) are using the community telecenter to be connected to the Internet.

scholarly journals The Impact of Transformational Changes on the Socio-Economic Conditions of the Rural Population. An Example of Poland

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 403
Author(s):  
Iwona Bąk ◽  
Katarzyna Wawrzyniak ◽  
Maciej Oesterreich
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
The People ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
The Government ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the article is to show that in rural areas, with particular emphasis on former state-owned farms, which were created as a result of changes in the forms of land ownership, mainly in Central and Eastern European countries, the economic situation of households is still worse than in the areas where there were no State Agricultural Enterprises (PGR). Research in Poland served as a case study. Selected methods of descriptive statistics and multivariate comparative analysis were used in the analyses. The results presented in the study at different levels of aggregation (voivodeships, poviats, and communes) allowed the identification of the regularities in the situation of rural areas. Among the beneficiaries of social assistance, most of the people live in rural areas and have a high unemployment rate; the problem of unemployment especially concerns those areas where the rural population with lower education levels predominates. Moreover, in former state-owned farms, the total disposable income per person is lower than in other areas, and the funds from the government program “Rodzina 500+” constitute a significant contribution to household budgets.

Socio-Economic Aspects of Integration of Disabled People in the Agricultural Labor Market

2020 ◽  
pp. 63-67
Author(s):  
M.M. Skalnaya ◽  
◽  
Е.А. Gridasova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Rural Economy ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
Agricultural Labor ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Labor Participation ◽  
Integrated Development

The article presents an analysis of the state of the inclusive labor market in agriculture, reveals potential opportunities for expanding the labor participation of disabled people in the rural economy, and substantiates proposals for creating organizational and economic mechanisms to increase their employment, which is consistent with The State Program for integrated development of rural territories for the period up to 2025. Based on the analysis of the state of the inclusive labor market in the rural economy, the potential opportunities for expanding the labor participation of disabled people in rural areas in order to increase employment and maintain the population in rural areas are revealed. Proposals to improve the efficiency of the inclusive labor market in agriculture and increase the income of the rural population are proposed and justified.

scholarly journals DIVERSIFICATION OF RURAL ECONOMICS IN SABAH: PATTERNS AND DETERMINANTS OF CHANGE

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Ubong Imang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
External Support ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Economic Diversification ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Village

Economic diversification is fundamental in driving economic growth in rural areas. Encouragement of and stimulus for the economic diversification in the rural areas allow for the generation of opportunities and new economic chains. Apart from that it will assist in the diversification of the sources of income for the rural population. In Malaysia, apart from emphasising on development policies, economic diversification began to take place in rural areas through positive developments in the economic sectors other than rural agriculture such as tourism as well as small and medium industries. The importance of leveraging on the opportunities and available space has created a need to examine the pattern and defining factors of economic diversity that is taking place in rural areas. The discussion in this article pays attention to the diversification of the economy that is taking place in the rural areas in Sabah by selecting the village of Tambatuon as a study area. In addition to the secondary data, the data is also obtained through observations, involvement in the newly created economic activities and interviews with the village heads and members of the Village Community Management Council (MPKK). The results of the study confirm that economic diversification in rural areas is in place. Most of the new economic activities exist based on the initiative of the villagers who receive support from the Government and non-governmental organisations. Nevertheless, the study also shows that the ongoing economic diversification process is still limited to the horizontal level. Hence, there is considerable potential for economic diversification that can be further expanded to enhance the competitiveness of the rural population in general. In this context, rural residents should be creative by using available local resources from the surroundings to broaden the process of economic diversification. Assistance and external support, especially from the Government, is significant in providing an environment that can stimulate economic growth to ensure that the process of diversifying the economy continues to flourish and becomes sustainable. 

scholarly journals Perceived Health Benefits of Using Non-Electrical Water Filters under ‘Clean India Mission’ Programme in a Village of Bhopal

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sindhuprava Rana ◽  
Vikas Dhiman ◽  
Nalok Banerjee ◽  
Anil Prakash ◽  
Rajnarayan R Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Central India ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Perceived Health ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
The Government ◽  
Water Filters

AbstractIn India, the access to clean and safe drinking water to rural population is very limited, hence the Government of India has initiated multiple schemes to tackle the problem of huge health burden due to poor quality of water in rural areas. Under ‘Clean India Mission’ cost-effective, non-electric water filters were distributed (n=144 households) in Barkheda Bondar village of Bhopal district in Central India and after one year of usage, a questionnaire based door-to-door survey was conducted to assess the usage and perceived health benefits of water filters by the users. The study showed that the acceptance of water filter among rural population was about 82% and 69.4% of the population reported reduction in the frequency of various water-related diseases. The present study shows that the use of non-electric water filters on mass basis in rural India is efficacious for providing safe drinking water.

scholarly journals Education as a Gateway to Development: Case of Rural Poor at Thabaneng Village in Lesotho

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
Mokone W. Matsepe
Keyword(s):  
Primary Education ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Education For All ◽  
Rural Poor ◽  
Free Primary Education ◽  
The People ◽  
Standards Of Living ◽  
Purpose Of Education ◽  
The Government

<p>The study explores and unfolds the purpose of education in general, its value and the role it plays in helping development of the people in rural areas especially at Thabaneng Village in Lesotho. It reveals that education is the key to development and functions to equip the rural population in Lesotho with knowledge, training and worthwhile skills that are intended to uplift their standards of living in their respective milieus. Education is so vital for the rural poor for it makes them to have critical thinking and reasoning. It further renders them, through participation, to be part and parcel of their own development.</p><p>In conclusion, the paper indicates that the Government of Lesotho launched the Free Primary Education (FPE) to promote the importance and value of Education for All (EFA) that is hoped to promote the development of Basotho especially in the rural areas.</p>

scholarly journals Agribusiness in rural areas: Management Issues

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00056
Author(s):  
Shamil M. Gazetdinov ◽  
Mirsharip Kh. Gazetdinov ◽  
Olga S. Semicheva ◽  
Adel M. Badamshin
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Food Policy ◽  
Simultaneous Increase ◽  
Land Use Regulation ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Business Entities

The present article analyzes the trends determining the development of agribusiness in rural areas at the present stage of economic development, and highlights the new and most relevant features of its organization and management. At present, one of the important trends in the development of agribusiness in rural areas is the deepening process of production specialization with a simultaneous increase in the concentration of production and financial, industrial and commercial capital. The production specialization has an active influence on the structure of the sectors interacting in agribusiness in rural areas, which is manifested in the following situation. The size and number of agricultural enterprises is increasing and their number is gradually decreasing, while the total area of agricultural land owned by peasant (private) farms is gradually decreasing. According to the Ministry of Agriculture and Food of the Republic of Tatarstan, the total number of agricultural enterprises in 2007 was 751, including 607 profitable and 81 unprofitable ones. The overall profitability was 8.9 %. By 2018, the number of farms decreased to 486, out of which 443 were profitable, 43 unprofitable ones. The level of profitability for these farms was 9.6 %. Simultaneously with the decline in the number of agricultural enterprises, the population employed in agriculture was also declining. At the same time, in 2007, 104.9 thousand people were employed in agriculture, which equaled to 11 % of the rural population; by 2018, employment in agricultural activities decreased to 59.4 thousand people, which was 6.6 % of the rural population. With the deepening of specialization, the complexity in the organization and cooperation of activities in the agribusiness system has increased. Individual producers have lost their independence. They largely depend on related participants. In these conditions, the problem of centralized coordination and regulation arises and the role of administrative management is strengthened to ensure the coordination of specialized activities. In the food policy pursued by the state, an increasing number of agrarian business entities are forced to apply directly to the government for resolving certain issues related to land use regulation, environmental protection, etc.

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